Hebrew Parallel: Literary Translation of the Book of Job (20)

Hebrew Parallel: Literary Translation of the Book of Job (20)

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1. Translation Policy

This translation is not a faithful literal translation of the biblical text, but an artistic attempt to recreate the spirit of its narrative within the dignified, classical literary style of Japanese literature, including liberal translation and dramatization. It aims to express the majesty and dramatic development of the original text in a unique style.

In translating, the following policies were observed.

Conciseness and Rhythm: Following the economy of language found in the classics, unnecessary particles and decorations have been stripped away to the limit. The contrast between the intense cries of suffering unique to the Book of Job and the laws of causality spoken of by his friends is also brought to life within this rhythm.

Classical Literary Tone: While based on classical literary style, a balance was sought with readability for modern readers. It aims to reconstruct the text as an artistic literary work while avoiding the vulgarity of pseudo-classical writing.

Strict Style: Hiragana has been replaced with kanji as much as possible, including archaic forms. Furthermore, by not using honorifics or humble language at all, the fundamental relationship between God, the created, and humanity is expressed more directly and powerfully.

[About the Production Background]

This literary translation was generated and edited through collaboration with AI, based on the creator's clear concept. While the original biblical text is in the public domain, this translation is an attempt at a new creative expression, converting it into a unique style. We welcome readers to freely quote and share this for non-profit purposes such as education, research, and private use. However, please seek prior confirmation if you wish to use it for commercial purposes or modifications.

2. Commentary

This translation is an attempt to reconstruct the poetic structure and depth of meaning of the original Hebrew text within the aesthetic style of Japanese classical literature. Chapters 39 and 40 depict the wonders of nature spoken from the mouth of God and the overwhelming power of His creations. Regarding the divine name יהוה, it is read as "Adonai" in the text, following convention.

On the depiction of wild animals (39:1-30):
This is the working of nature that God shows to Job, which transcends human understanding and control. The mountain goats, the wild donkeys running through the wilderness, the wild ox that cannot be tamed by man, the ostrich with its strange ecology, the horse that fears no battle, and the hawk and eagle that build their nests on high are vividly depicted one after another. This is a magnificent poetic description intended to fundamentally shatter the logic of cause and effect and the anthropocentrism held by humans.

On the ostrich (39:13):
The latter half of this verse is known as a difficult passage for interpretation, and there is a wide range of translations.

On Job's silence (40:4-5):
This is the scene where Job, realizing his own insignificance in response to the Creator of heaven and earth, places his hand over his mouth and vows silence. It shows that any logical defense by humans fades away in the face of God's absolute sovereignty.

On Behemoth (40:15):
This is a giant beast spoken of proudly as a masterpiece of God's creation. It is often identified with the hippopotamus, but it is depicted here as a symbolic existence with mythical and overwhelming power that humans can never control, going beyond mere zoological description.

3. Hebrew Parallel Literary Translation

Book of Job Chapter 39

39:1 Do you know the time when the mountain goats give birth? Do you watch over the calving of the hinds?
הֲיָדַעְתָּ עֵת לֶדֶת יַעֲלֵי־סָלַע חֹלֵל אַיָּלוֹת תִּשְׁמֹר׃
Hayada'ta et ledet ya'alei-sela, holel ayyalot tishmor.
Do you know / the time / of birth / of the mountain goats / do you watch / the calving / of the hinds?

39:2 Can you count the months they fulfill? Do you know the time when they give birth?
תִּסְפֹּר יְרָחִים תְּמַלֶּאנָה וְיָדַעְתָּ עֵת לִדְתָּנָה׃
Tispor yerachim temalle'nah, veyada'ta et lidtanah.
Do you count / the months / they fulfill / and do you know / the time / they give birth?

39:3 They bow down, they bring forth their young, they cast out their sorrows.
תִּכְרַעְנָה יַלְדֵיהֶן תְּפַלַּחְנָה חֶבְלֵיהֶם תְּשַׁלַּחְנָה׃
Tikra'nah yaldeihen tefallachnah chevleihem teshalachnah.
They bow down / their young / they bring forth / their sorrows / they cast out.

39:4 Their young ones are in good liking, they grow up with corn; they go forth, and return not unto them.
יַחְלְמוּ בְנֵיהֶם יִרְבּוּ בַבָּר יָצְאוּ וְלֹא־שָׁבוּ לָמוֹ׃
Yachlemu veneihem yirbu vabbar, yatse'u velo-shavu lamo.
They become strong / their young / they grow / in the field / they go out / and not / return / to them.

39:5 Who hath sent out the wild ass free? or who hath loosed the bands of the wild ass?
מִי־שִׁלַּח פֶּרֶא חָפְשִׁי וּמֹסְרוֹת עָרוֹד מִי פִתֵּחַ׃
Mi-shillach pere chofshi, umosrot arod mi fitteach.
Who / sent out / the wild ass / free / and the bands / of the wild ass / who / loosed.

39:6 Whose house I have made the wilderness, and the barren land his dwellings.
אֲשֶׁר־שַׂמְתִּי עֲרָבָה בֵיתוֹ וּמִשְׁכְּנֹתֹיו מְלֵחָה׃
Asher-samti aravah veito, umishkenotav melechah.
Whom / I made / the wilderness / his house / and his dwellings / the salt land.

39:7 He scorneth the multitude of the city, neither regardeth he the crying of the driver.
יִשְׂחַק לַהֲמוֹן קִרְיָה תְּשׁוּאוֹת נוֹגֵשׂ לֹא יִשְׁמָע׃
Yischak lahamon kiryah, teshu'ot noges lo yishma.
He scorns / the multitude / of the city / the shouting / of the driver / not / he hears.

39:8 The range of the mountains is his pasture, and he searcheth after every green thing.
יְתוּר הָרִים מִרְעֵהוּ וְאַחַר כָּל־יָרוֹק יִדְרוֹשׁ׃
Yetur harim mir'ehu, ve'achar kol-yarok yidrosh.
He searches / the mountains / as his pasture / and after / all / green things / he seeks.

39:9 Will the unicorn be willing to serve thee, or abide by thy crib?
הֲיֹאבֶה רֵּים עָבְדֶךָ אִם־יָלִין עַל־אֲבוּסֶךָ׃
Hayoveh re'em ovdecha, im-yalin al-avusecha.
Will he be willing / the wild ox / to serve you / or will he stay / by / your crib.

39:10 Canst thou bind the unicorn with his band in the furrow? or will he harrow the valleys after thee?
הֲתִקְשָׁר־רֵים בְּתֶלֶם עֲבֹתוֹ אִם־יְשַׂדֵּד עֲמָקִים אַחֲרֶיךָ׃
Hatikshar-re'em betelem avoto, im-yesadded amakim achareicha.
Can you bind / the wild ox / to the furrow / with his band / or will he harrow / the valleys / after you.

39:11 Wilt thou trust him, because his strength is great? or wilt thou leave thy labour to him?
הֲתִבְטַח־בּוֹ כִּי־רַב כֹּחוֹ וְתַעֲזֹב אֵלָיו יְגִיעֶךָ׃
Hativtach-bo ki-rav kocho, veta'azov elav yegi'echa.
Will you trust / in him / because / great / is his strength / and will you leave / to him / your labor.

39:12 Wilt thou believe him, that he will bring home thy seed, and gather it into thy barn?
הֲתַאֲמִין בּוֹ כִּי־יָשִׁיב זַרְעֶךָ וְגָרְנְךָ יֶאֱסֹף׃
Hata'amin bo ki-yashiv zar'echa, vegornecha ye'esof.
Will you believe / in him / that he will bring back / your seed / and to your threshing floor / he will gather.

39:13 Gavest thou the goodly wings unto the peacocks? or wings and feathers unto the ostrich?
כְּנַף־רְנָנִים נֶעֱלָסָה אִם־אֶבְרָה חֲסִידָה וְנֹצָה׃
Kenaf-renanim ne'elasah, im-evrah chasidah venotsah.
The wing / of the ostrich / flaps proudly / or / the feathers / of the stork / and plumage.

39:14 Which leaveth her eggs in the earth, and warmeth them in dust,
כִּי־תַעֲזֹב לָאָרֶץ בֵּיצֶיהָ וְעַל־עָפָר תְּחַמֵּם׃
Ki-ta'azov la'arets beitseihah, ve'al-afar techammem.
For / she leaves / to the earth / her eggs / and upon / the dust / she warms them.

39:15 And forgetteth that the foot may crush them, or that the wild beast may break them.
וַתִּשְׁכַּח כִּי־רֶגֶל תְּזוּרֶהָ וְחַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה תְּדוּשֶׁהָ׃
Vattishkach ki-regel tezurehah, vechayyat hassadeh tedushehah.
And she forgets / that / a foot / may crush them / and the beast / of the field / may trample them.

39:16 She is hardened against her young ones, as though they were not hers: her labour is in vain without fear;
הִקְשִׁיחַ בָּנֶיהָ לְלֹא־לָהּ לְרִיק יְגִיעָהּ בְּלִי־פָחַד׃
Hikshiach baneihah lelo-lah, lerik yegi'ah beli-fachad.
She treats harshly / her young / as if not / hers / in vain / her labor / without / fear.

39:17 Because God hath deprived her of wisdom, neither hath he imparted to her understanding.
כִּי־הִשָּׁהּ אֱלוֹהַּ חָכְמָה וְלֹא־חָלַק לָהּ בַּבִּינָה׃
Ki-hishah eloah chochmah, velo-chalak lah babinah.
Because / made her forget / God / wisdom / and not / imparted / to her / understanding.

39:18 What time she lifteth up herself on high, she scorneth the horse and his rider.
כָּעֵת בַּמָּרוֹם תַּמְרִיא תִּשְׂחַק לַסּוּס וּלְרֹכְבוֹ׃
Ka'et bammarom tamri, tischak lassus ulrochevo.
At the time / on high / she lifts herself / she scorns / the horse / and his rider.

39:19 Hast thou given the horse strength? hast thou clothed his neck with thunder?
הֲתִתֵּן לַסּוּס גְּבוּרָה הֲתַלְבִּישׁ צַוָּארוֹ רַעְמָה׃
Hatitten lassus gevurah, hatalbish tsavvaro ra'mah.
Have you given / to the horse / strength / have you clothed / his neck / with a quivering mane.

39:20 Canst thou make him afraid as a grasshopper? the glory of his nostrils is terrible.
הֲתַרְעִישֶׁנּוּ כָּאַרְבֶּה הוֹד נַחְרוֹ אֵימָה׃
Hatar'ishennu ka'arbeh, hod nachro eimah.
Can you make him leap / like a locust / the majesty / of his snorting / is terrible.

39:21 He paweth in the valley, and rejoiceth in his strength: he goeth on to meet the armed men.
יַחְפְּרוּ בָעֵמֶק וְיָשִׂישׂ בְּכֹחַ יֵצֵא לִקְרַאת־נָשֶׁק׃
Yachperu va'emek veyasish bechoach, yetse likrat-nashek.
They paw / in the valley / and he rejoices / in strength / he goes out / to meet / weapons.

39:22 He mocketh at fear, and is not affrighted; neither turneth he back from the sword.
יִשְׂחַק לְפַחַד וְלֹא יֵחָת וְלֹא־יָשׁוּב מִפְּנֵי־חָרֶב׃
Yischak lefachad velo-yechat, velo-yashuv mippenei-charev.
He mocks / at fear / and not / is dismayed / and not / turns back / from the face / of the sword.

39:23 The quiver rattles against him, the spear and the javelin flash.
עָלָיו תִּרְנֶה אַשְׁפָּה לַהַב חֲנִית וְכִידוֹן׃
Alav tirneh ashpah, lahav chanit vechidohn.
Upon him / rattles / the quiver / the flash / of the spear / and the javelin.

39:24 With fierceness and rage he swallows the ground, and he cannot stand still at the sound of the trumpet.
בְּרַעַשׁ וְרֹגֶז יְגַמֶּא־אָרֶץ וְלֹא־יַאֲמִין כִּי־קוֹל שׁוֹפָר׃
Bera'ash verogez yegamme-aretz, velo-ya'amin ki-kohl shophar.
With trembling / and rage / he swallows / the ground / and does not / stand still / for the sound / of the trumpet.

39:25 At the blast of the trumpet he says, 'Aha!' He smells the battle from afar, the thunder of the captains and the shouting.
בְּדֵי שֹׁפָר יֹאמַר הֶאָח וּמֵרָחוֹק יָרִיחַ מִלְחָמָה רַעַם שָׂרִים וּתְרוּעָה׃
Bedei shophar yomar he'ach, umerachok yariach milchamah, ra'am sarim uteru'ah.
At the blast / of the trumpet / he says / Aha! / and from afar / he smells / the battle / the thunder / of the captains / and the shouting.

39:26 Is it by your understanding that the hawk flies, and spreads its wings toward the south?
הֲמִבִּינָתְךָ יַאֲבֶר־נֵץ יִפְרֹשׂ כְּנָפָיו לְתֵימָן׃
Hamibinatecha ya'aver-netz, yiphros kenaphav leteman.
Is it by your understanding / that flies / the hawk / that spreads / its wings / toward the south?

39:27 Is it at your command that the eagle mounts up, and makes its nest on high?
אִם־עַל־פִּיךָ יַגְבִּיהַּ נָשֶׁר וְכִי יָרִים קִנּוֹ׃
Im-al-picha yagbiah nasher, vechi yarim kinno.
Or / at your command / that mounts up / the eagle / and / that makes high / its nest.

39:28 It dwells and lodges on the rock, on the crag of the rock and the stronghold.
סֶלַע יִשְׁכֹּן וְיִתְלֹנָן עַל־שֶׁן־סֶלַע וּמְצוּדָה׃
Sela yishkon veyitlonan, al-shen-sela umetzudah.
On the rock / it dwells / and lodges / upon / the tooth / of the rock / and the stronghold.

39:29 From there it spies out the prey; its eyes behold from afar.
מִשָּׁם חָפַר־אֹכֶל לְמֵרָחוֹק עֵינָיו יַבִּיטוּ׃
Misham chapar-ochel, lemerachok einav yabbitu.
From there / it spies / food / from afar / its eyes / behold.

39:30 Its young ones suck up blood; and where the slain are, there it is.
וְאֶפְרֹחָו יְעַלְעֲלוּ־דָם וּבַאֲשֶׁר חֲלָלִים שָׁם הוּא׃
Ve'ephrochav ye'al'alu-dam, uva'asher chalalim sham hu.
And its young ones / suck up / blood / and where / the slain are / there / it is.

Job Chapter 40

40:1 Moreover the Lord answered Job, and said,
וַיַּעַן יְהוָה אֶת־אִיּוֹב וַיֹּאמַר׃
Vay'an Adonai et-Iyov vayomar.
Answered / the Lord / Job / and said.

40:2 Shall the one who contends with the Almighty correct Him? He who rebukes God, let him answer it.
הֲרֹב עִם־שַׁדַּי יִסּוֹר מוֹכִיחַ אֱלוֹהַּ יַעֲנֶנָּה׃
Harov im-Shaddai yissor, mochiach Eloah ya'anennah.
Shall the one who contends / with the Almighty / correct / the one who rebukes / God / let him answer it.

40:3 Then Job answered the Lord and said,
וַיַּעַן אִיּוֹב אֶת־יְהוָה וַיֹּאמַר׃
Vay'an Iyov et-Adonai vayomar.
Answered / Job / the Lord / and said.

40:4 Behold, I am vile; what shall I answer You? I lay my hand over my mouth.
הֵן קַלֹּתִי מָה אֲשִׁיבֶךָּ יָדִי שַׂמְתִּי לְמוֹ־פִי׃
Hen kalloti mah ashivecha, yadi samti lemo-phi.
Behold / I am vile / what / shall I answer You / my hand / I lay / over my mouth.

40:5 Once I have spoken, but I will not answer; yes, twice, but I will proceed no further.
אַחַת דִּבַּרְתִּי וְלֹא אֶעֱנֶה וּשְׁתַּיִם וְלֹא אוֹסִיף׃
Achat dibbarti velo e'eneh, ushtayim velo osiph.
Once / I have spoken / and will not / answer / twice / and will not / proceed.

40:6 Then the Lord answered Job out of the whirlwind, and said,
וַיַּעַן יְהוָה אֶת־אִיּוֹב מִן־סְעָרָה וַיֹּאמַר׃
Vay'an Adonai et-Iyov min-se'arah vayomar.
Answered / the Lord / Job / from / the whirlwind / and said.

40:7 Now prepare yourself like a man; I will question you, and you shall answer Me.
אֱזָר־נָא כְגֶבֶר חֲלָצֶיךָ אֶשְׁאָלְךָ וְהוֹדִיעֵנִי׃
Ezar-na chegever chalatzeicha, esh'alcha vehodi'eni.
Gird / now / like a man / your loins / I will question you / and you shall inform me.

40:8 Would you indeed annul My judgment? Would you condemn Me that you may be justified?
הַאַף תָּפֵר מִשְׁפָּטִי תַּרְשִׁיעֵנִי לְמַעַן תִּצְדָּק׃
Ha'aph tapher mishpati, tarshi'eni lema'an titzdak.
Would you indeed / annul / My judgment / would you condemn me / in order that / you may be justified.

40:9 Have you an arm like God? Or can you thunder with a voice like His?
וְאִם־זְרוֹעַ כָּאֵל לָךְ וּבְקוֹל כָּמֹהוּ תַרְעֵם׃
Ve'im-zeroa ka'el lach, uvakol kamoho tar'em.
Or / an arm / like God / do you have / and with a voice / like His / can you thunder.

40:10 Adorn yourself with majesty and splendor, and array yourself with glory and beauty.
עֲדֵה נָא גָאוֹן וָגֹבַהּ וְהוֹד וְהָדָר תִּלְבָּשׁ׃
Adeh-na ga'on vagovah, vehod vehadar tilbash.
Adorn / now / majesty / and splendor / and glory / and beauty / you shall wear.

40:11 Disperse the rage of your wrath; look on everyone who is proud, and humble him.
הָפֵץ עֶבְרוֹת אַפֶּךָ וּרְאֵה כָל־גֵּאֶה וְהַשְׁפִּילֵהוּ׃
Haphetz evrot appecha, ure'eh chol-ge'eh vehashpilehu.
Disperse / the rage / of your wrath / and look / on everyone / who is proud / and humble him.

40:12 Look at all who are proud and bring them low, and crush the wicked where they stand.
רְאֵה כָל־גֵּאֶה הַכְנִיעֵהוּ וַהֲדֹךְ רְשָׁעִים תַּחְתָּם׃
Re'eh kol ge'eh hakni'ehu vahadoch resha'im tachtam.
Look / all / the proud / bring them low / and crush / the wicked / in their place.

40:13 Hide them all together in the dust, and bind their faces in the hidden place.
טָמְנֵם בֶּעָפָר יָחַד פְּנֵיהֶם חֲבוֹשׁ בַּטָּמוּן׃
Tamnem be'afar yachad, penehem chavosh battamun.
Hide them / in the dust / together / their faces / bind / in the hidden place.

40:14 Then I will also praise you, that your right hand can save you.
וְגַם־אֲנִי אוֹדֶךָּ כִּי־תוֹשִׁעֲךָ יְמִינֶךָ׃
Vegam ani odecha, ki toshi'acha yeminecha.
Then / also / I / will praise you / because / you can be saved / by your right hand.

40:15 Behold, Behemoth, which I made with you; he eats grass like an ox.
הִנֵּה־נָא בְהֵמוֹת אֲשֶׁר־עָשִׂיתִי עִמָּךְ חָצִיר כַּבָּקָר יֹאכֵל׃
Hineh na behemot asher-asiti immach, chatzir cabacar yochel.
Behold / please / Behemoth / which / I made / with you / grass / like an ox / he eats.

40:16 Behold, his strength is in his loins, and his power is in the muscles of his belly.
הִנֵּה־נָא כֹחוֹ בְמָתְנָיו וְאוֹנוֹ בִּשְׁרִירֵי בִטְנוֹ׃
Hineh na kocho vemotnav, veono bishrire vitno.
Behold / please / his strength / in his loins / and his power / in the muscles / of his belly.

40:17 He moves his tail like a cedar; the sinews of his thighs are knit together.
יַחְפֹּץ זְנָבוֹ כְמוֹ־אָרֶז גִּידֵי פַחֲדָיו יְשֹׂרָגוּ׃
Yachpotz zenavo chemo-erez, gidei fachadav yesoragu.
He moves / his tail / like a cedar / the sinews / of his thighs / are knit together.

40:18 His bones are like tubes of bronze, his limbs like bars of iron.
עֲצָמָיו אֲפִיקֵי נְחוּשָׁה גְּרָמָיו כִּמְטִיל בַּרְזֶל׃
Atzamav afikei nechushah, geramav kimtil barzel.
His bones / tubes / of bronze / his limbs / like a bar / of iron.

40:19 He is the first of the ways of God; only the one who made him can bring his sword near.
הוּא רֵאשִׁית דַּרְכֵי־אֵל הָעוֹשׂוֹ יַגֵּשׁ חַרְבּוֹ׃
Hu reshit darchei-el, haoso yagesh charbo.
He / is the beginning / of the ways / of God / the one who made him / brings near / his sword.

40:20 The mountains yield food for him, and all the beasts of the field play there.
כִּי־בוּל הָרִים יִשְׂאוּ־לוֹ וְכָל־חַיַּת הַשָּׂדֶה יְשַׂחֲקוּ־שָׁם׃
Ki-vul harim yisu-lo, vechol-chayat hassadeh yesachaku-sham.
Because / food / the mountains / bring forth / for him / and all / the beasts / of the field / play / there.

40:21 He lies under the lotus plants, in the covert of the reeds and the marsh.
תַּחַת־צֶאֱלִים יִשְׁכָּב בְּסֵתֶר קָנֶה וּבִצָּה׃
Tachat-tze'elim yishkav, beseter kaneh uvitzah.
Under / lotus plants / he lies / in the covert / of reeds / and marsh.

40:22 The lotus plants cover him with their shade; the willows of the brook surround him.
יְסֻכֻּהוּ צֶאֱלִים צִלֲלוֹ יְסֻבּוּהוּ עַרְבֵי־נָחַל׃
Yesukkuhu tze'elim tzilalo, yesubbuhu arvei-nachal.
Cover him / lotus plants / with their shade / surround him / willows / of the brook.

40:23 Behold, if the river rages, he is not alarmed; he is secure even if the Jordan rushes to his mouth.
הֵן יַעֲשֹׁק נָהָר לֹא יַחְפּוֹז יִבְטַח כִּי־יָגִיחַ יַרְדֵּן אֶל־פִּיהוּ׃
Hen ya'ashok nahar lo yachpoz, yivtach ki-yagiach yarden el-pihu.
Behold / rages / the river / not / he is alarmed / he is secure / even if / rushes / the Jordan / to his mouth.

40:24 Can anyone take him before his eyes, or pierce his nose with a snare?
בְּעֵינָיו יִקָּחֶנּוּ בְּמוֹקְשִׁים יִנְקָב־אָף׃
Be'einav yikkachennu, bemokshim yinkav-af.
Before his eyes / can one take him / with snares / can one pierce / his nose.

4. Hebrew Glossary

Listed below are frequently occurring vocabulary words that appear multiple times in Job chapters 39 and 40, as well as important keywords such as "Behemoth" and "Wild Ox."

בְהֵמוֹת (Behemoth): Behemoth, giant beast. A beast of overwhelming power depicted as a masterpiece of God's creation. (Important vocabulary)

רֵּים (Re'em): Wild Ox. A symbol of a powerful beast that does not submit to humans. (Important vocabulary)

יְהוָה (Adonai): The Lord.

אֱלוֹהַּ (Eloah): God.

אִיּוֹב (Iyov): Job.

אָמַר (Amar): To say.

עָנָה (Anah): To answer.

יָדַע (Yada): To know.

יָלַד (Yalad): To bear/give birth.

רָאָה (Ra'ah): To see.

שָׁמַע (Shama): To hear.

שָׂחַק (Sahaq): To laugh, to play.

עָזַב (Azav): To abandon, to leave, to entrust.

עָשָׂה (Asah): To make, to do.

מִי (Mi): Who.

מָה (Mah): What.

הִנֵּה (Hineh): Behold.

כֹּחַ (Koach): Strength/power.

קוֹל (Qol): Voice.

פַּחַד (Pachad): Fear/terror.

חָכְמָה (Chokmah): Wisdom.

אֶרֶץ (Eretz): Earth/land.

הַר (Har): Mountain.

עֵמֶק (Emeq): Valley.

שָׂדֶה (Sadeh): Field.

חַיָּה (Hayyah): Beast.

עָפָר (Afar): Dust.

עַיִן (Ayin): Eye.

יָד (Yad): Hand.

פֶּה (Peh): Mouth.

בֶּטֶן (Beten): Belly.

חֶרֶב (Herev): Sword.

גֶּבֶר (Gever): Man.

רוּחַ (Ruach): Spirit, wind.

מִשְׁפָּט (Mishpat): Judgment.

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