PMI-PMP®模考一 二刷错题集

本文为PMP认证考试的模拟试题解析,涵盖了项目进度管理、团队沟通、风险管理等多个方面。项目经理面对项目延期、团队冲突、资源管理等问题时,需灵活运用项目管理知识,如制定恢复计划、提高文化意识、有效沟通等,以确保项目顺利进行。同时,强调了变更管理和相关方管理的重要性,以及在敏捷环境中如何发挥团队潜力和提升会议效率。


选择题 (每题1分,共24道题)

3、 项目发起人不断要求尽快交付项目。项目经理识别到一个将会让项目延迟一周时间的问题。项目经理应该做什么?
A project sponsor constantly demands that a project is delivered as quickly as possible.The project manager identifies an issue that will delay the project by one week.What should the project manager do?

 A :向整个团队发送包含修订后进度计划和预算的更新状态报告 Send an updated report with a revised schedule and budget to the entire team

 B :在项目管理计划中记录这项延迟,并与发起人沟通该问题 Document the delay in the project management plan,and communicate it to the sponsor

 C : 制定恢复计划以尽量减少影响,并与项目发起人开会讨论该问题 Devise a recovery plan to minimize the impact,and meet with the project sponsor to discuss it

 D :请一位主题专家(SME)亲自与项目发起人讨论该问题 Ask a subject matter expert(SME)to personally discuss the issue with the project sponsor

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正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P110 章节:4.5.2.2 备选方案分析:备选方案分析用于在出现偏差时选择要执行的纠正措施或纠正措施和预防措施的组合。

8、 项目团队由前军事和非军事小组成员组成。没有军事背景的团队成员认为前军事团队成员在他们的项目方法中过于结构化和僵化。前军事成员认为其他团队成员更随意的方式表明他们对该项目不太投入。什么样的工具或技术对项目经理和团队成员进行有效沟通最有用?
A project team is comprised of former military and non-military team members. The team members without a military background view the former military team members as overly structured and rigid in their approach to the project. The former military members view the other team members' more casual approach as an indication that they are less committed to the project. What tool or technique will be the most useful for the project manager and the team members to communicate effectively?

 A :政治意识 Political awareness

 B :团队章程 Team charter

 C :冲突管理 Conflict management

 D : 文化意识 Cultural awareness

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正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P376 章节:10.1.2.6 文化意识:具有文化意识并采取后续行动,能够最小化因项目相关方社区内的文化差异而导致的理解错误和沟通错误。文化意识和文化敏感性有助于项目经理依据相关方和团队成员的文化差异和文化需求对沟通进行规划。 军事背景和非军事背景人员有巨大的文化差异。

16、 项目经理正在制定一个关键项目的资源管理计划,该项目涉及位于不同国家具有不同文化的资源,下列哪一项将帮助项目经理处理这种情况?
The project manager is developing the resources management plan for a key project that involves different culture resources in different countries. Which of the following will help the project manager deal with this situation?

 A :团队建设活动 Team building activities

 B : 事业环境因素 Business environment factors

 C :人际关系技能 Interpersonal skills

 D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P315 章节:9.1.1.4 事业环境因素 组织文化和结构; · 设施和资源的地理分布; · 现有资源的能力和可用性; · 市场条件。 只有B是规划资源管理的输入或工具。

20、 项目经理注意到一位团队成员在团队会议期间似乎越来越不满。该团队成员没有在关键的工作包上取得进展,这种进展的缺乏现在正在影响关键路径。团队成员认为他们在项目团队中没有扮演正确的角色。项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager notices that one team member seems increasingly unhappy during team meetings. The team member is not making progress on a key work package, and this lack of progress is now impacting the critical path. The team member feels that they are not in the correct role within the project team. What should the project manager do?

 A :让团队成员相信他们的能力,提醒他们被选中是有原因的。 Reassure the team member about their abilities by reminding them that they were chosen for a reason.

 B : 与团队成员会面,基于他们的优势而讨论他们可以如何做出贡献。 Meet with the team member to discuss where they can contribute, based on their strengths.

 C :让团队成员接受有针对性的培训,以获得他们所指定角色所需的技能。 Enroll the team member in targeted training to acquire the needed skills for their assigned role.

 D :安排与团队成员的每周触点,以讨论可能影响他们工作的障碍。 Schedule weekly touchpoints with the team member to discuss barriers that may impact their work.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P346 章节:9.5 管理团队:项目经理应该向团队成员分配富有挑战性的任务,对优秀绩效进行表彰。项目经理应留意团队成员是否有意愿和能力完成工作,然后相应地调整管理和领导力方式。相对那些已展现出能力和有经验的团队成员,技术能力较低的团队成员更需要强化监督。 排除法 A:提醒意义不大;B:帮助其找到角色;C:非技能问题 D:非障碍问题

21、 由于一台设备设计规格中的某一项被忽略了而导致项目延期,而赶制此项需要更长的交货期。为避免这种情况的发生,项目经理在项目规划期间应完成下列哪一项?
A project is delayed because one item in the equipment specification has been ignored. It will require a longer lead time to catch up. To avoid this situation, the project manager should have done which of the following in project planning?

 A :制定应急计划 prepare a contingency plan

 B :选择更为可靠的供应商 select a more reliable supplier

 C : 在识别风险过程上花费更多的努力 spend more efforts on the process of risk identification

 D :确保该项不在关键路径上 ensure that the item is a not on the critical path

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P411 章节:11.2.1.1 质量管理计划:质量管理计划可能列出了受不确定性或模糊性影响的一些领域,或者关键假设可能引发风险的一些领域。 为了避免,要选择在更早的一些过程。风险识别不足会导致绩效偏差。

39、 一家咨询公司主张,由于项目经理要求的报告不包含在原始范围内,所以会产生额外费用,项目经理应该怎么做?
A consulting firm claims that because the report required by the project manager is not included in the original scope, additional costs will be incurred. What should the project manager do?

 A :报告发起人并审查项目范围,工作说明书和项目管理计划 Report it to the sponsor and review project scope, statement of work(SOW) and project management plan

 B :接受该主张,然后更新范围,工作说明书和工作分解结构 Accept the claim, and then update the scope, statement of work(SOW)and work breakdown structure (WBS)

 C : 审查采购管理计划,查询合同报告和合同 Review the procurement management plan and query the contract report and contract

 D :与该咨询公司开会,协商需要完成的额外工作,并提出变更请求 Meet with the consulting company to negotiate additional work that needs to be completed and make a change request

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P489 章节:12.2.3.2 协议可包括(但不限于): · 采购工作说明书或主要的可交付成果; · 进度计划、里程碑,或进度计划中规定的日期; · 绩效报告; · 定价和支付条款; · 检查、质量和验收标准; 范围有歧义,查看合同中对可交付成果的定义。

47、 项目经理正在制定质量管理计划。为了解决质量相关问题,公司希望在计划-实施-检查-行动(PDCA)周期中使用七个基本质量工具。应将哪个工具包含在内?
A project manager is developing the quality management plan. To solve quality-related problems, the company wants to use the seven basic quality tools in the plan-do-check-act (PDCA) cycle. What tool should be included?

 A :实验设计 Design of experiments

 B :成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis

 C :标杆对照 Benchmarking

 D : 因果图 Cause-and-effect diagrams

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正确答案:D 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 因果图:因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。 寻找根本原因的,就选因果图、石川图、鱼骨图。

53、 项目经理刚刚接受任命去管理一个处于执行阶段中期的项目。该项目的项目人员流动率很高。项目经理首先应该做什么?
The project manager has just been assigned to manage a project in the middle of the execution phrase. The project has had a high turnover rate of project resources. What should the project manager do FIRST?

 A : 组织一个团队建设活动,改进团队士气。 Organize a team-building event to improve team morale.

 B :与项目发起人沟通,以获得保证项目人员的承诺。 Talk to the project sponsor to get commitment for project resources.

 C :检查人员管理计划 Check the staffing management plan.

 D :将最积极的团队成员调到同一间房间,增强他们作为一个团队的执行能力。 Move the most active team members to the same room to enhance their ability to perform as a team.

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P341 章节:9.4.2.4 团队建设:团队建设是通过举办各种活动,强化团队的社交关系,打造积极合作的工作环境。 人员流动性高,说明团队属于震荡阶段,需要持续进行建设团队活动。

55、 —家全球性公司正处于部署一项产品的项目中途。然而,该产品的制造商发布了一个新版本。新版本必须安装在任何新部署的产品上,该产品的一个关键部件未在新版本上测试。公司希望在10月31日之前,赶在假日购物季时,在所有门店推出这项新产品。额外的测试会将项目的最终完成日期推迟一个月。项目经理应该怎么做?
A global company is in the midway of deploying a product. However, the product manufacturer has released a new version. The new version must be installed on any newly deployed product.A critical component of the product is not tested on the new version.The Company hopes to launch this new product in all stores before the holiday shopping season arrives by October 31. The additional test will delay the final completion date of the project by one month. What should the project manager do?

 A :暂停部署,直至10月31日之后,并利用这段时间完成必要的测试 To suspend deployment until October 31 and use this period to complete the necessary tests

 B : 向可用资源提交一项变更请求,在新版本中测试并执行 To submit a change request to available resources, test and execute in the new version

 C :更新项目管理计划,包含测试,并修订进度计划,在10月31日之前部署大部分产品 To update the project management plan, including testing, and revision of the project schedule, most products should be deployed by October 31

 D :在10月31日之前部署产品,并在部署完之后完成测试 To deploy the products before October 31 and complete the test after deployment

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 确定要安装新版本了,那就提出正式的变更请求。

59、 一家公司正在建设一栋新建筑,该建筑与两年前建造的另一栋建筑具有相同特点,项目发起人需要审查新项目的现金流,以避免上一个项目发生的问题。 项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A company is constructing a new building which has the same characteristics as another building constructed two years ago. The project sponsor needs to examine the cash flow of new project to avoid the issues that occured in the previous project. What should the project manager do next?

 A :审查上一份项目章程 To examine the previous project charter

 B : 检查上一个项目的经验教训 To check the lessons learned from the previous project

 C :制定新的商业论证 To work out a new business case

 D :与上一个项目的项目经理沟通 To communicate with the project manager who is in charge of the previous project

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正确答案:B 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P104 章节:4.4.3.1 经验教训登记册:经验教训登记册可以记录遇到的挑战、问题、意识到的风险和机会,或其他适用的内容。 经验教训改善未来绩效,因此参考经验教训,一般不会犯过去的错误。

67、 你正在管理一个项目团队,该团队最新新增来自另一个国家的成员。他们的角色已经被概述为初步的团队章程。然而,你已经注意到团队中相当缺乏对文化差异的接受,这导致了频繁的冲突。 以下哪一种技巧可以在这种情况下帮助你?(选择三个)
You are managing a project team that has recently been expanded by new team members working remotely from another country. Their roles have been outlined to form a preliminary team charter. Nevertheless, you have noticed a considerable lack of acceptance of cultural differences in the team, resulting in frequent conflicts. Which of the following techniques could help you in this situation? (Choose three)

 A : 焦点小组 Focus groups

 B :角色定义 Role definition

 C : 基本规则 Ground rules

 D :能力测试 Ability tests

 E : 会议 Meetings

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正确答案:A,C,E 你的答案:B,C,E

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P336 章节:9.4 建设团队:建设团队是提高工作能力,促进团队成员互动,改善团队整体氛围,以提高项目绩效的 过程。 本过程的主要作用是,改进团队协作、增强人际关系技能、激励员工、减少摩擦以及提升整体项目绩效。 B和D非PMBOK中的正式工具。

71、 一个项目涉及位于全球各地的团队成员,产生了许多不同意见,新项目经理通过成功协助团队协作和问题解决提高生产力。项目经理使用的是什么工具或技术?
A project involves team members from all over the world and has generated many different opinions. The new project manager increases productivity by successfully assisting teamwork and problem solving. What tool or technology should the project manager use?

 A : 冲突管理 Conflict management

 B :沟通模型 Communication model

 C :整体决策技术 Overall decision-making techniques

 D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

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正确答案:A 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 合作/解决问题: 综合考虑不同的观点和意见,采用合作的态度和开放式对话引导各方达成共识和承诺,这种方法可以带来双赢局面。

87、 工程部门想让项目的目标是吞吐量提高10%。信息技术部门想使投入该项目的资源不多于其拥有的5%。管理层,也是你的领导,想让项目团队减少纳税义务。你能做的最好的事是:
The engineering department wants the project objective to be a 10 percent improvement in throughput. The information technology department wants no more than five percent of its resources to be used on the project. Management, who is also your boss, wants the project team to decrease tax liability. The BEST thing you can do is:

 A :使计划满足所有的目标 put a plan together that meets all the objectives.

 B :让这些人讨论得出一个目标 have these people get together and agree on one objective.

 C : 考虑工程部门和信息技术部门的目标,而为管理层的目标召开进一步的会议 include the engineering and information technology objectives but hold further meetings regarding management's objective.

 D :只考虑管理层的目标 include only management's objective.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P34 章节:1.2.6.4 可测量的项目目标: 关于项目成功的定义和最重要的因素,项目相关方可能有不同的看法。明确记录项目目标并选择可测量的目标是项目成功的关键。 目标一般都要符合SMART原则。

96、 你正在领导一个本应使用敏捷方法管理的项目。然而,每周产品负责人都会与项目团队举行一个长达5小时的待办事项列表细化会议,在会上她将项目范围划分为工作包级别。在三次迭代之后,项目团队的速度比预期的要慢。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
You are leading a project that was supposed to be managed using agile methods. Every week, however, the product owner holds a five-hour backlog refinement meeting with the project team where she presents the project scope broken down to the work package level. After three iterations, the project team's velocity is slower than expected. What is your best course of action?

 A :使产品负责人将范围分解到任务级别,并将任务分配给团队成员 Ask the product owner to decompose the scope down to the task level and assign the tasks to the team members

 B :建议产品负责人每周召开两次5小时的待办事项列表细化会议,以进一步明确范围 Advise the product owner to hold two five-hour backlog refinement meetings per week to gain further clarity on the scope

 C : 通过每周1小时的待办事项列表细化会议,指导产品负责人介绍总体故事概念 Coach the product owner on presenting the overall story concept with one-hour weekly backlog refinement meetings

 D :与团队成员和产品负责人进行团队建设练习,以改善他们之间的沟通 Hold a team-building exercise with the team members and product owner to improve the communication between them

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正确答案:C 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 指导PO完成他的角色内容。

109、 由设计师、程序员和测试人员组成的项目团队使用看板面板来管理他们的工作流程。在监督项目进度计划时,项目经理审查看板,并注意到由WIP限制引起的测试栏瓶颈。结果,一些程序员被闲置,团队的速度变慢,并且进度基准处于危险之中。对项目经理来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
A project team comprised of designers, programmers, and testers uses a Kanban board to manage their workflow. While monitoring the project schedule, the project manager reviews the board and notices a bottleneck at the testing column caused by the WIP limit. As a result, some of the programmers are idled, the team's velocity is slowed, and the schedule baseline is at risk. What is the best course of action for the project manager?

 A :从看板面板删除所有WIP限制 Remove all of the WIP limits from the Kanban board

 B : 询问是否有空闲程序员可以帮忙测试 Ask if any of the idled programmers can help with testing

 C :降低看板面板上的测试WIP限额 Lower the testing column WIP limit on the Kanban board

 D :提交变更请求以更新进度基准 Submit a change request to update the schedule baseline

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P103 章节:A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。 使用通才型专家,协助打破测试瓶颈。

111、 经历过一次失败的软件发布后,项目经理希望改进项目质量管理和控制,项目经理应该使用什么工具和方法?
After experiencing a failed software release, the project manager wants to improve project quality management and control. What tools and methods should the project manager use?

 A :风险概率与影响评估 Risk probability and impact assessment

 B :名义小组技术 Nominal group technique

 C :树图 Tree diagram

 D : 核对单 Checklist

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正确答案:D 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P302 章节:8.3.1.7 组织过程资产 核对单:核对单是一种结构化工具,通常列出特定组成部分,用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已得到执行或检查需求列表是否已得到满足。 之前经历的失败,把之前失败的经验教训做成核对单以避免后面的失败。

123、 在一个高层管理会议上,定义了组织战略目标。其中一个目标是通过进入本地区内的一个细分市场提高 8%的销售组合。一名项目经理被任命管理这个项目。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
At a senior management meeting, strategic organizational goals are defined. One of the goals is to increase the 8% sales mix by entering a market segment in the local area. A project manager was appointed to manage the project. What should the project manager do next?

 A : 执行成本效益分析。 Implementation cost-benefit analysis

 B :召开焦点小组会议收集市场调研。 Hold focus group meeting to collect market research

 C :执行相关方分析。 Perform related party analysis

 D :查阅组织过程资产。 Review organization process assets

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证:经批准的商业论证或类似文件是最常用于制定项目章程的商业文件。商业论证从商业视角描述必要的信息,并且据此决定项目的期望结果是否值得所需投资。 商业论证包括: 商业需求 成本效益分析

130、 项目经理负责安装和调试一个新的生产设施。一条新的生产线已完成调试,且正在进行试生产。若要确保生产线的运行符合技术规范,项目经理应使用什么工具或技术?
A project manager is responsible for installing and commissioning a new production facility. A new line is ready to commission, and a trial production is underway.What tool or technique should the project manager use to ensure that the production line is working according to specifications?

 A :标杆对照 Benchmarking

 B : 控制图 Control chart

 C :检查 Inspection

 D :流程图 Flowchart

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正确答案:B 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P304 章节:8.3.2.5 控制图:控制图用于确定一个过程是否稳定,或者是否具有可预测的绩效。 控制图可用于监测各种类型的输出变量。虽然控制图最常用来跟踪批量生产中的重复性活动,但也可用来监测成本与进度偏差、产量、范围变更频率或其他管理工作成果,以便帮助确定项目管理过程是否受控。 生产线的运行是一个过程,运用控制图监控整个过程。

135、 以下是为项目计算的:挣值=200,000美元;计划价值=300,000美元;实际成本=210,000美元;项目的状态是什么?
The following is calculated for the project. Earned value=us$200,000 Planned value=us$300,000 Actual cost=us$210,000 What is the status of the project?

 A : 进度落后,超过预算 Behind schedule and over budget

 B :提前进度,超出预算 Ahead of schedule and over budget

 C :进度落后,但不超过预算 Behind schedule and under budget

 D :按计划进行,但超出预算 On schedule and over budget

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正确答案:A 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析:进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。

162、 有一部分项目工作从外部资源采购,项目团队制定采购计划,并向多个供应商发出建议邀请书,团队从潜在供应商那里获得关于工作的询问,为向潜在供应商提供响应,项目团队应该怎么做?
A portion of the project work is sourced from external sources, the project team makes the purchase plan and sends out a proposal invitation to multiple vendors, the team obtains inquiries about the work from the potential suppliers, and what the project team should do to provide responses to potential suppliers.

 A :向每一位供应商发送单独回复 Send a separate reply to each supplier

 B :在项目团队中为每一位供应商指定单个联系人 Assign individual contacts to each vendor in the project team

 C :修订建议邀请书,将对所有问题的回复包含在内,并分发给所有供应商 Revised proposal invitation to include responses to all questions and distribute to all suppliers

 D : 召开投标人会议,澄清所有供应商的全部问题 Convene a meeting of bidders to clarify all suppliers' issues

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P487 章节:12.2.2.3 投标人会议:投标人会议(又称承包商会议、供应商会议或投标前会议)是在卖方提交建议书之前,在买方和潜在卖方之间召开的会议,其目的是确保所有潜在投标人对采购要求都有清楚且一致的理解,并确保没有任何投标人会得到特别优待。 投标人会议两个作用:确保对采购要求的理解;保证公平。

164、 在项目实施期间,一些团队成员抱怨说他们对项目可交付成果不确定。若要确保项目团队按照项目范围工作,项目经理应该怎么做?
During project implementation, some team members complain that they are unsure about the project’s deliverables. What should the project manager do to ensure that the project team is working according to project scope?

 A :审查执行、负责、咨询和知情(RACI)矩阵。 Review the responsible, accountable, consult, and inform (RACI) matrix.

 B :更新沟通管理计划,澄清期望。 Update the communications management plan to clarify

 C :与团队分享项目章程。 Share the project charter with the team.

 D : 将工作分解结构(WBS)分发给团队。 Distribute the work breakdown structure (WBS) to the team.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P157 章节:5.4 创建WBS:WBS是对项目团队为实现项目目标、创建所需可交付成果而需要实施的全部工作范围的层级分解。WBS 组织并定义了项目的总范围,代表着经批准的当前项目范围说明书中所规定的工作。 WBS规定了所有要做的事情,与范围说明书、WBS词典共同组成了范围基准。

171、 工作分解结构建立后,项目经理通过头脑风暴发启动了识别风险过程。该过程指出了一些潜在风险. 项目经理应该怎么做?
After the work breakdown structure is crested, the project manager starts the Identify Risks Process using the brainstorming technique. During this process, some potential risks are raised. What should the project manager do?

 A :更改项目范围以回避风险 Change the project scope to avoid the risks.

 B :接受风险并将其预期值纳入项目预算 Accept the risks and include their expected value to the project budget.

 C : 确定潜在响应 Define potential responses.

 D :实施变通方案以回避风险 Implement workarounds to avoid the risks.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P417 章节:11.2.3.1 风险登记册:当完成识别风险过程时,风险登记册的内容可能包括(但不限于): · 已识别风险的清单。 · 潜在风险责任人。 · 潜在风险应对措施清单。 识别完风险后,登记潜在的应对措施。

175、 项目经理向项目赞助人通知了一项重大项目超支,赞助人想知道为什么没有在赞助人反馈前较早通知该情况,项目经理本应采取何种措施解决该问题
A project manager advises the project sponsors of a significant project cost overrun. The sponsors want to know why they were not advised earlier of this situation. What should the project manager have done to address this issue prior to the sponsors' feedback?

 A : 制定沟通计划,处理项目利害关系者的需求 Create a communication plan to address the needs of the project stakeholders

 B :邀请项目赞助人参加团队会议进行定期更新 Invite the project sponsors to team meeting for regular updates

 C :将意外支出加入项目预算,从而将超支纳入项目成本 Add contingency to the project budget so overspend is absorbed into project costs

 D :消减项目资源以紧急弥补成本超支 Cut back on project resources to the project to recover cost overrun as a matter of urgency

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正确答案:A 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划 沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通, 以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通

177、 项目经理正在另一个国家执行一个IT外包项目。客户抱怨说远程团队没有达到他们的质量标准。项目经理应该查阅哪一份文件来确认这一点?
A project manager is implementing an IT outsourcing project in another country. Customers complained that the remote team did not meet their quality standards. Which document should the project manager check to confirm this?

 A :外包公司的质量政策 Outsourcing company's quality policy

 B :质量控制测量结果 Quality control measurements

 C :采购工作说明书(SOW) Procurement Statement of Work

 D : 质量管理计划 Quality management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P286 章节:8.1.3.1 质量管理计划: 质量管理计划包括(但不限于)以下组成部分: · 项目采用的质量标准; · 项目的质量目标; · 质量角色与职责; · 需要质量审查的项目可交付成果和过程; 质量标准在质量管理计划里。

选择题 (每题1分,共156道题)

1、 在项目执行阶段,生产经理要求项目经理包含一项已经证明可以显著提高产量的变更,项目经理首先应该做什么?
During a project's execution phase,the production manager asks the project manager to incorporate a change that has been proven to significantly increase output.What should the project manager do first?

 A : 向变更控制委员会(CCB)提交一份变更请求 Submit a change request to the change control board(CCB)

 B :要求生产经理进行成本效益分析 Ask the production manager to conduct a cost-benefit analysis

 C :包含提议的变更 Incorporate the proposed change

 D :更新变更日志 Update the change log

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

2、 根据项目的特点,项目经理建议选择一种敏捷方法,该方法限制团队成员在任何给定时间执行的任务数。此方法还允许团队提高工作过程中问题和瓶颈的可见性。项目经理建议采用以下哪种方法?
Based on the characteristics of the project, the project manager suggests selecting an agile method that limits the number of tasks being worked on by the team members at any given time. This method will also allow the team to increase the visibility of issues and bottlenecks in their work process. Which of the following methods does the project manager suggest?

 A : 看板 Kanban

 B :Scrum Scrum

 C :水晶 Crystal

 D :改善 Kaizen

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P103 章节:A3.4 看板方法:通过限制在制品将可以提高工作效率和质量。

4、 在获取成功完成项目的活动中,项目团队喜欢互动和交流项目执行的故事,此时项目团队处于什么阶段?
In the event of successful completion of the project, the project team likes to interact and exchange project execution stories. What phase is the project team in?

 A :震荡阶段 Oscillation phase

 B :调整阶段 Adjustment phase

 C :成熟阶段 Performing phase

 D : 规范阶段 Specification phase

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P338 章节:9.4 塔克曼阶梯理论: · 形成阶段 · 震荡阶段 · 规范阶段 · 成熟阶段 · 解散阶段 交流项目执行的故事,属于学习相互信任的阶段,因此属于规范。

5、 一名新项目经理被任命管理一个正在执行的项目。针对这个项目,三天内将召开一次重要的里程碑核实会议。若要确保相应人员受邀参加会议,项目经理应该怎么做?
A new project manager is appointed to an ongoing project for which an important milestone validation meeting will occur in three days. What should the project manager do to ensure that the appropriate people are invited to this meeting?

 A :请求高级管理层提供建议 Ask senior management for recommendations

 B :参照以往里程碑核实会议的与会者 Refer to the attendance at previous milestone validation meetings

 C :与项目团队讨论该问题 Discuss it with the project team

 D : 查看相关方管理计划 Consult the stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 相关方参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。相关方参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或相关方参与的特定策略或方法。 相关方的参与策略在相关方参与计划里。

6、 在一个软件开发项目中,开发人员发现一个可以提高速度的新工具。项目经理分析发现这种新工具能够缩短当前开发阶段20%的时间,并节省10%的项目成本。在变更控制委员会批准之后,项目经理修订了项目进度。这属于哪种风险应对类型?
During a software development project, a developer discovers a new tool that could increase development speed. The project manager’s analysis finds implementing the new tool could shorten the current development phase by 20% and save 10% of the project’s cost. After approval from the change control board, the project manager revises the project schedule. What is the type of risk response?

 A : 开拓 Exploit

 B :接受 Accept

 C :增强 Enhance

 D :转移 Transfer

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P444 章节:11.5.2.5 开拓:如果组织想确保把握住高优先级的机会,就可以选择开拓策略。此策略将特定机会的出现概率提高到100%,确保其肯定出现,从而获得与其相关的收益。

7、 一个在瀑布式项目管理方法方面经验丰富的项目团队被分配到一个敏捷项目中。为了使转换更容易,已经决定保留瀑布方法的一些要素。在迭代审查期间,意识到开发团队之间的误解导致了工作的重复。项目经理如何处理这个问题?
A project team that is experienced in the waterfall project management approach has been assigned to their first agile project. To make the transition easier, it has been decided to keep some elements of the waterfall approach in place. During the iteration review, it was realized that a misunderstanding among the development team has led to a duplication of efforts. How might the project manager address this issue?

 A : 在即将到来的迭代回顾中提出该话题 Bring up the topic during the upcoming iteration retrospective

 B :什么都不做,因为团队成员正在从瀑布过渡到敏捷 Do nothing since the team members are transitioning from waterfall to agile

 C :弹回到瀑布项目管理框架 Fallback to a waterfall project management framework going forward

 D :提交变更请求以更新沟通管理计划 Submit a change request to update the communications management plan

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 迭代审查会过后,将发现的问题在后续的回顾总结会提出来。

9、 项目落后于进度。项目团队发现,通过应用一个替代方法,他们可以加快关键路径上的一个项目可交付成果。然而,这将增加项目成本。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is behind schedule. The project team discovers that, by applying an alternate method, they may be able to expedite a project deliverable on the critical path. However, it will increase the project’s cost. What should the project manager do?

 A :增加额外的项目资源 .Add additional project resources

 B :对所有方法开展预期货币价值分析(EMV) Conduct expected monetary value (EMV) analyses on all methods

 C : 获得替代方法的批准 Obtain approval for the alternate method

 D :将增加的成本更新到项目预算中 Update the project budget with the increased cost

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 审批前,三步骤:提出变更-分析影响-提交审批

10、 项目团队成员因杰出工作和满足项目成本目标而获得奖励,高级经理向项目经理确认谁可以获得奖励,项目经理可以在哪里获得此奖励的定义标准和频率?
The project team members are rewarded for outstanding work and meeting project cost objectives. The senior manager confirms to the project manager who can get the reward. Where can the project manager get the definition criteria and frequency of this award?

 A :责任分配矩阵(RAM) Responsibility assignment Matrix (RAM)

 B :项目管理计划 Project management plan

 C :人员解散计划 Personnel dissolution plan

 D : 资源管理计划 Resources management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划:认可计划。将给予团队成员哪些认可和奖励,以及何时给予。 奖励的频率和标准在资源管理计划里。

11、 新任命的项目经理获悉,相关方对已识别的项目问题和风险非常担心,他们对超过一个月时间里没有任何沟通表示不满。新项目经理应该怎么做?
The newly appointed project manager was informed that the stakeholders were very worried about the identified project issues and risks. They were dissatisfied with no communication for more than a month. What should the new project manager do?

 A :实施现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Implement the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

 B :更新现有沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划,并立即向相关方提供有关问题和风险 Update the existing communication management plan and stakeholder management plan and immediately provide stakeholders with relevant issues and risks

 C :与相关方开会以确定沟通所需的频率,然后立即向他们提供有关这些问题和风险 Meet with stakeholders to determine the frequency of communication needed, and then immediately provide them with these issues and risks

 D : 与关键相关方开会,然后更新沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Meet with key stakeholders and then update the communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P528 章节:13.3.2.5 会议:会议用于讨论和处理任何与相关方参与有关的问题或关注点。 · 问题解决; · 经验教训和回顾总结; · 项目开工; 管理相关方参与需要尽可能当面与其沟通并达成一致

12、 作为制定进度计划过程的一部分,项目经理使用甘特图创建项目进度计划。三个Scrum团队将开发项目的可交付成果。由于依赖关系,团队将需要通过每周两次的延长的站会来协调他们的工作。项目经理接下来应该做什么?
As part of the Develop Schedule process, the project manager creates the project schedule using a Gantt chart. Three Scrum teams will develop the project deliverables. Due to dependencies, the teams will be required to coordinate their work twice a week using extended standup meetings. What should the project manager do next?

 A :提交将甘特图表切换到燃尽图表的变更请求 Submit a change request to switch the Gantt chart to burndown chart

 B : 在项目进度计划中包含Scrum of Scrums(SoS)会议 Include Scrum of Scrums (SoS) meetings in the project schedule

 C :使进度赶工以消除团队之间的依赖关系 Crash the schedule to eliminate the dependencies between the teams

 D :在项目进度计划中反映团队的实际速度 Reflect the actual velocity of the teams in the project schedule

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P111 章节:A3.10 Scrum of Scrums:是由多个 Scrum 团队而不是一个大型 Scrum 团队所使用的一种技术,每个团队包含三到九名成员来协调其工作。每个团队的代表会与其他团队代表定期召开会议,每日例会,或是一周两次或三次。其目标是确保团队协调工作并清除障碍,以优化所有团队的效率。 有依赖关系的Scrum团队,需要开SoS会议来优化效率。

13、 在当前冲刺期间,产品负责人的可用性受到了其他承诺的限制。在每日站会上,团队成员抱怨他们不能从产品负责人那里得到答案,结果,产品增量的开发被延迟。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
During the current sprint, the product owner's availability has been limited due to other commitments. At the daily standup, the team members complain that they cannot get answers from the product owner, and, as a result, the development of the product increment is delayed. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

 A :让高级开发人员做出产品决策 Let the senior developers make the product decisions

 B : 代表团队成员联系产品负责人 Contact the product owner on behalf of the team members

 C :在冲刺审查期间提及可用性问题 Mention the availability issue during the sprint review

 D :在冲刺回顾中讨论可用性问题 Discuss the availability issue at the sprint retrospective

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner ·创建待办列表并排序 ·确认工作优先顺序 ·提供反馈 ·指导开发方向 PO的角色必不可少,因此需要与PO讨论让他参加项目。

14、 项目的客户告诉项目经理他已经没钱了,不能再支付该项目。项目经理应该首先做什么?
The customer on a project tells the project manager he has run out of money to pay for the project. What should the project manager do FIRST?

 A :推迟进度中的多数项目工作,以给客户时间去寻找资金 Shift more of the work to later in the schedule to allow time for the customer to get the funds

 B : 进入行政收尾 Enter administrative closure

 C :停止工作 Stop work

 D :解散一部分项目团队 Release part of the project team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.4 收尾流程:如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。 项目中止,项目经理正常安排收尾,调查原因并总结经验教训。

15、 你被指派领导一个敏捷项目。项目团队由经验丰富的敏捷实践者组成,他们在一起工作了很长时间。在这个敏捷的环境中,对你来说管理项目整合的最佳方法是什么?
You have been assigned to lead an agile project. The project team is comprised of experienced agile practitioners who have been working together for a long time. In this agile environment, what is the best approach for you to take to manage project integration?

 A :制定整合所有项目活动的项目管理计划 Develop the project management plan that integrates all project activities

 B : 让团队确定如何整合计划和组件 Let the team determine how plans and components should be integrated

 C :寻求批准聘请外部项目整合管理专家 Seek approval to hire an external project integration management expert

 D :在敏捷环境中,项目整合管理不适用 In agile environments, project integration management is not applicable

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P74 章节:4 在敏捷或适应型环境中需要考虑的因素 在适应型环境下,整合管理的核心概念中所述的对项目经理的期望不变,但是把对具体的产品的规划和交付授权给团队来控制。 在成熟的敏捷环境里,项目经理是仆人式领导的角色,很多决定让自组织成员去做。

17、 由于组织结构的变化,相关方A承担了新的责任,并已经从指导管理委员会辞职. 相关方A替代者相关方B,提出与项目商业利益有关的问题. 项目经理首先应该怎么做?
As a result of changes in an organization’s structure,stakeholder A takes on new responsibilities and steps down from the steering committee . stakeholder A’s replacement,stakeholder B, raises issues regarding the project’s business benefits. What should the project manager do first?

 A :在问题登记册中记录该问题,并更新项目利益 Document the issue in the issue log and update the project benefits.

 B :更新项目管理计划 Update the project management plan

 C :与相关方会面,包括项目发起人 Meet with the stakeholders,including the project sponsor

 D : 更新相关方登记册,并参考相关方管理策略 Update the stakeholder register and refer to the stakeholder management strategy

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性: · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员; · 组织内部的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

18、 公司聘请一名项目经理来管理一个小型高端项目,如果这个项目成功,将会为公司带来额外的合作。有效的收尾过程是项目成功的关键因素。为确保成功,项目经理必须产生什么可交付成果?
The company hired a project manager to manage a small high-end project. If the project is successful, it will bring additional cooperation for the company. The effective closing process is a key factor in the success of the project. What deliverables must be generated by the project manager to ensure success?

 A : 验收文件 Acceptance documents

 B :储备分析 Reserve analysis

 C :进度报告 Progress report

 D :采购审计 Procurement audit

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 收尾流程:收尾的第一步是完成项目的验收

19、 一名积极参与产品规划的主管要求全部的可交付成果提高产量,该主管的权力利益水平分类是哪一项?
A supervisor who is actively involved in product planning requires all deliverables to increase production. What is the classification of the supervisor's rights and interests?

 A :监督 Monitor

 B :令其满意 Make it satisfied

 C : 紧密关注 Pay close attention

 D :令其知悉 Make it known

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权力利益方格:基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对相关方进行分类。 权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。

22、 在新项目的相关方会议中,项目经理发现一名相关方对项目有抵触。项目经理记录该情况,并对该相关方的参与程度评级。项目经理使用了哪项工具或技术来为相关方的参与程度评级?
During a new project’s stakeholder meeting, the project manager discovers that one stakeholder is resistant to the project. The project manager notes this, and rates the stakeholder engagement level. What tool or technique did the project manager use to rate this stakeholder’s engagement level?

 A : 相关方参与度评估矩阵 Stakeholder Engagement Assessment Matrix

 B :风险概率和影响评级 Risk probability and impact assessment

 C :人际关系技巧 Interpersonal skills

 D :专家判断 Expert judgment

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P521 章节:13.2.2.5 相关方参与度评估矩阵 ·不了解型。不知道项目 ·抵制型。知道项目,但抵制 ·中立型。了解项目,但既不支持,也不反对。 ·支持型。了解项目,会支持领导型。了解项目,而且积极参与以确保目取得成功。 相关方参与度评估矩阵给相关方的参与程度评级。

23、 在项目的第一个阶段发布给客户的最新软件充满了缺陷。客户很生气,并要求计划在第二阶段交付的新版本的开发过程更加透明。客户希望更有规律地看到团队的结果,而不需要很长的开发间隔。 项目团队可以在第二阶段引入下列哪项来更好地满足客户的要求? (选择四个)
The latest software released to the customer in the first project phase is full of defects. The customer is angry and demands that the development of the new release, which is planned to be delivered in the second phase, is much more transparent. The customer wants to see the team’s results more regularly and without very long development intervals in-between. Which of the following could the project team introduce in the second phase to better comply with the customer's demand? (Choose four)

 A : 有规律时间框的节奏 A cadence with regular timeboxes

 B : 定期和频繁的回顾 Regular and frequent retrospectives

 C :在每个团队成员的层次上进行优化 Optimization at the level of each individual team member

 D : 测试驱动的开发实践 Test-driven development practices

 E : 使用待办事项列表进行增量交付 Incremental delivery using a backlog

 F :在软件发布之前限制更改的数量 Limiting the number of changes before the software is released

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正确答案:A,B,D,E 你的答案:A,B,D,E

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P9 章节:2.2 敏捷的12条原则 排除法 C:敏捷注重团队协作,而非单兵作战 F:敏捷拥抱变化

24、 一个敏捷团队正在努力实现一个积极的发布目标。scrum master最近注意到,其中一位开发人员的表现下降了,而且她参加小组讨论的次数似乎减少了。scrum master应该做什么?
An agile team is working to meet an aggressive release goal. The scrum master has recently noticed that the performance of one of the developers has dropped and the developer seems to be participating less in group discussions. What should the scrum master do?

 A :要求其余团队成员完成此开发人员的工作量 Request the rest of the team members to backfill the workload of the developer

 B :在冲刺回顾会议上讨论开发人员的绩效问题 Discuss the developer's performance issues at the sprint retrospective meeting

 C : 私下与开发人员会面,并尝试确定激发他们动机的因素 Meet with the developer privately and try to determine what motivates them

 D :寻找替代者,因为敏捷团队需要最好的人才 Look for a replacement because agile teams require the best talent available

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.3 仆人式领导:要善于激励项目人员,为他们提供所需的环境和支持,信任他们能够完成工作。 项目经理要激励成员,并提供支持。

25、 项目经理发展团队会议由于主导讨论的人迟到而中断。若要提高团队会议的效率,项目经理应怎么做?
Project Manager Development Team meeting was cancelled due to the person leading the discussion being late. To improve the effectiveness of team meetings, what should the project manager do?

 A :使用专业引导师。 Use a professional facilitator

 B :认可按时到达的团队成员。 Recognize team members who arrive on time.

 C : 为团队会议设定基本规则。 Set ground rules for team meetings.

 D :开展团队建设活动。 Conduct team-building exercises.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:是为团队创建团队价值观、共识和工作指南的文件。 · 团队价值观; · 沟通指南; · 决策标准和过程; · 冲突处理过程; · 会议指南; · 团队共识。 需要有团队的基本规则,来确定团队的纪律。

26、 项目经理发现一个不可预料的高影响风险已经成为项目的一个因素,团队成员之间的自身利益导致问题得不到解决,项目经理必须快速行动,让团队重新集中精力,以便项目恢复进度,项目经理应该使用下列哪一项技术来解决问题?The project manager discovers an unpredictable high-impact risk has become a factor in the project. Self-interest among team members is keeping the issue from being reached. The project manager must act quickly to refocus the team and get the project on tack. which of following techniques should the project manager use to resolve the issue?

 A :妥协Compromise

 B :合作Collaborate

 C : 强迫Force

 D :包容 Accommodate

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 强迫/命令:以牺牲其他方为代价,推行某一方的观点;只提供赢 — 输方案。通常是利用权力来强行解决紧急问题,这种方法通常会导致“赢输”局面。 紧急问题,用强迫来解决。

27、 一个敏捷团队的任务是开发一款机器人。项目经理希望确保在机器人被实际建造之前,团队能够收到关于需求的早期反馈并相应地调整设计。项目经理应该使用以下哪一项来实现这个目标?
An agile team is tasked with the development of a robot. The project manager wants to ensure that before the actual robot is built, the team receives early feedback on requirements and adapts the design accordingly. Which of the following should the project manager use to achieve that goal?

 A : 原型设计 Prototyping

 B :设计审查 Design review

 C :核对单 Checklists

 D :商业论证 Business case

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P21 章节:3.1.2 迭代型生命周期通过连续的原型或概念验证来改进产品或成果。每一个新的原型都能带来新的相关方新的反馈和团队见解。 题目中明确提到需要反馈,因此原型法比较好用。

28、 在迭代期间,项目团队会遇到可能导致任务完成延迟的问题。同一项目中的另一个团队需要按时完成任务,以满足他们的计划。项目经理如何解决这个问题?
During an iteration, a project team encounters problems that may cause a delay in task completion. Another team within the same project needs the task to be completed on time in order to meet their schedule. What can the project manager do to resolve this problem?

 A :坚持让项目团队稍微努力一点以便按时完成,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Insist that the project team work a bit harder to complete on time, in order to avoid delaying the work of other teams.

 B : 与产品负责人合作,重新确定迭代待办事项列表的优先级,以免耽误其他团队的工作。 Work with the product owner to reprioritize the iteration backlog, so that it does not delay work by other teams.

 C :增加迭代的长度,并向项目团队添加额外的资源,这样他们就可以在适当的最后期限前完成任务。 Increase the iteration length, and add additional resources to the project team, so that they can meet the appropriate deadlines.

 D :要求团队成员在迭代过程中尽其所能,并在迭代完成后进行回顾。 Ask team members to perform to the best of their abilities during the iteration, and engage in a retrospective after completion of the iteration.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 目前来看有问题,最好的方法是重新排序待办列表,以规避问题。

29、 项目经理正在考虑项目风险和制约因素,然后组织了一次与高级员工召开的头脑风暴,了解当前流程,项目经理向部门经理讲述了业务影响相关问题,并审查了风险和制约的因素,在咨询信息技术部门的一名方案架构师的意见后,项目经理要求获得输入和评估。项目经理使用的是哪种工具和技术?
A project manager look at the project’s risk and constrains and then organizes a brainstorming session with senior staff to understand the current processes. The project manager speaks with department managers regarding business impacts ,and reviews risks and constraints. Consulting with a solution architect in the information technology department ,the project manager asks for inputs and assessments. What tool and technique is the project manager using?

 A :风险登记册模板 Risk register template

 B : 专家判断 Expert judgment

 C :组织过程资产 Organizational process assets

 D :外部分析 External analysis

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P414 章节:11.2.2.1 专家判断:应考虑了解类似项目或业务领域的个人或小组的专业意见。项目经理应该选择相关专家,邀请他们根据以往经验和专业知识来考虑单个项目风险的方方面面,以及整体项目风险的各种来源。 咨询专家后得出进一步的工作方向,是典型的专家判断。

30、 你审查了项目的WBS,意识到由于缺乏内部专业知识,一些可交付成果需要外包给供应商。然而,这些可交付成果的需求目前还没有被很好地理解。因此,你决定需要使用敏捷框架来管理外包的工作部分。在与供应商谈判协议时,你最好的方法是什么?
You review the WBS of your project and realize that due to the lack of in-house expertise, some of the deliverables will need to be outsourced to a vendor. However, the requirements for these deliverables are not well-understood at the moment. Therefore, you decide that the outsourced portion of work will need to be managed using an agile framework. What is your best approach in negotiating an agreement with the vendor?

 A :寻求非正式协议而不是正式合同 Seek an informal agreement rather than a formal contract

 B :为外包范围争取总价合同 Secure a fixed-price contract for the outsourced scope

 C :积极谈判最有利的条件 Negotiate aggressively for the most advantageous terms

 D : 追求共享风险-回报合同关系 Pursue a shared-risk-reward contract relationships

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P8 章节:2.2 敏捷宣言 我们正在通过亲自开发和帮助他人开发,发现开发软件的更好方法。通过这项工作,我们开始更重视∶ · 个体以及互动而不是过程和工具 · 可用的软件而不是完整的文档 · 客户合作而不是合同谈判 · 应对变更而不是遵循计划 也就是说,尽管右项有其价值,但我们更重视左栏中的项目。

31、 敏捷项目团队的成员都在一个开放的办公空间中工作。一天中有许多谈话同时发生。下列哪一项是项目经理的最佳选择?
The agile project team members are all working in an open office space arrangement. There are many conversations happening concurrently throughout the day. Which of the following is the best option for the project manager?

 A : 安排频繁的团队检查点并以透明的方式发布项目工件 Schedule frequent team checkpoints and post project artifacts in a transparent fashion

 B :要求团队成员将谈话推迟到正式会议时间 Request team members to hold off their conversations until formal meeting times

 C :记录对话并发布在共享知识库中 Record the conversations and post them in a shared repository

 D :将下午指定为安静的工作时间 Designate afternoons as quiet work times

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P12 章节:2.3 精益和看板方法 敏捷、精益和看板方法共同的重点在于交付价值、尊重人、减少浪费、透明化、适应变更以及持续改善等方面。 敏捷团队使用信息发射源来确保工作的透明化。

32、 敏捷团队正试图确定理想的迭代长度。团队成员对此进行了长时间的激烈争论,但没有人愿意妥协。scrum master被召来帮助解决冲突。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
An agile team is trying to determine the ideal iteration length. The team members are having a long and intense argument about it, but no one is willing to compromise. The scrum master is called in to help resolve the conflict. What is the best course of action for a scrum master?

 A :避免参与过程并让团队达成共识 Avoid being involved in the process and let the team work out toward a consensus

 B : 建议评估每个建议的迭代长度的优缺点 Recommend evaluating the pros and cons of each one of the suggested iteration lengths

 C :如果团队无法达成协议,以纪律处分威胁他们 Threaten the team with disciplinary actions if they are unable to come to an agreement

 D :在关系受损之前为团队做决定,从而打破僵局 Break the impasse by making the decision for the team before relationships are damaged

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P34 章节:4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:仆人式领导通过管理关系,在团队内和组织中建立沟通与协作。这些关系可以帮助领导在组织中得心应手地为团队提供支持。 仆人式领导促进协作沟通,ACD都是在避免、强迫团队。

33、 敏捷团队正在监视项目进度计划的状态。他们可能会使用哪些工具?(选择两项)
An agile team is monitoring the status of the project schedule. What tools will they likely use? (Choose 2)

 A : 燃起图 Burnup Chart

 B :网络图 Network Diagram

 C :帕累托图 Pareto Chart

 D : 燃尽图 Burndown Chart

 E :鱼骨图 Fishbone diagram

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正确答案:A,D 你的答案:A,D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P62 章节:5.4.1 燃尽图&燃起图:某些基于迭代的项目使用燃尽图查看项目随时间的进展情况,某些团队更喜欢燃起图。 两张图除了方向,本质上没有差别。

34、 离完成分配的任务只剩 30 天时,一名项目团队成员离开公司。可惜的是,没有可用的替代资源。项目经理在项目进度计划中包含一个应急储备金。为了计算剩余的应急储备金,项目经理应该使用什么技术?
From the completion of assigned tasks only 30 days, a project team members leave the company. Unfortunately, there is no available alternative resources. Project manager includes a contingency reserve in the project schedule. In order to calculate the remaining contingency reserve, the project manager should use what technology?

 A :风险审计 risk audit

 B :趋势分析 trend analysis

 C : 储备分析 Reserves analysis

 D :技术绩效衡量 Technical performance measurement

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P456 章节:11.7.2.1 储备分析:在整个项目执行期间,可能发生某些单个项目风险,对预算和进度应急储备产生正面或负面的影响。储备分析是指在项目的任一时点比较剩余应急储备与剩余风险量,从而确定剩余储备是否仍然合理。 题干中有明确说明计算储备金,明显是在做储备分析。

35、 为了使新确定的相关方尽早参与项目,scrum master建议邀请他们参加即将举行的冲刺审查会议,以向相关方证明团队正在朝着正确的方向发展,并从相关方那里获得有关团队工作完成情况的反馈。以下哪个是邀请相关方参加本次会议的另一个原因?
To engage the newly identified stakeholders in the project at the earliest opportunity, the scrum master suggests inviting them to the upcoming sprint review meeting to demonstrate to the stakeholders that the team is moving in the right direction and get feedback from the stakeholders about what the team has accomplished. Which of the following is another reason for inviting the stakeholders to this meeting?

 A :反思团队绩效 To reflect on the team performance

 B :为下次冲刺确定高风险用户故事的优先级 To prioritize high-risk user stories for the next sprint

 C :重新确定发布待办事项列表优先级 To reprioritize the release backlog

 D : 讨论下次冲刺的高级别计划 To discuss the high-level plans for the next sprint

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P55 章节:5.2.5 展示/评审:当团队以用户故事的形式完成特定功能时,团队会定期展示工作产品。看过展示后,产品负责人接受或拒绝故事。 冲刺评审会议的结果是一份修订的产品待办列表,确定很可能进入下个冲刺的产品代办列表。

36、 项目经理在执行一个资源有限,期限严格的项目。需要注意的是,该项目目前落后于进度。德国的审查显示,一名资源被过度分配,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager is implementing an attractive project with limited resources and strict deadlines. The project is currently lagging behind the schedule. The German review shows that a resource is over-allocated. What should the project manager do next?

 A :重新分配来自另一个项目不必要的资源 Redistribute unnecessary resources from another project

 B :为延迟的任务增加资源,并再次执行资源平衡 Increase resources for deferred tasks and execute resource leveling again

 C :提出一项变更请求,以减少范围 Make a change request to reduce the scope

 D : 计算关键路径以确定对项目的影响,并重新分配资源 Calculate critical path to determine the impact on the project and redistribute resources

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P227 章节:6.6.2.2 关键路径法:检查关键路径的进展情况有助于确定项目进度状态。关键路径上的偏差将对项目的结束日期产生直接影响。评估次关键路径上的活动的进展情况,有助于识别进度风险。 遇到问题应该先确认影响,再采取措施。

37、 一个项目是为了设计新的政府机构服务,其所有可交付成果均已获得验收。设计活动产生了许多机密文件。作为收尾过程的组成部分,项目经理应该做什么?
One project is designed to design new government agency services, and all of its deliverables have been accepted.The design activity produced a lot of confidential documents. What should project managers do as part of the closing process?

 A :将文件添加到公司知识库以供将来参考 Add the document to the corporate knowledge base repository for future reference

 B : 参阅合同中有关处理机密材料的政策 Refer to the contract's policy on handing confidential material

 C :从项目管理办公室(PMO)获得有关如何销毁机密材料的指示 Obtain instructions from the project management office(PMO)on how to destroy confidential material

 D :按照PMO保留政策归档项目文件 Archive the project document per the PMO retention policy

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P128 章节:4.7.3.4 组织过程资产更新:项目经理应该回顾以往的阶段文件,确认范围过程(见 5.5 节)所产生的客户验收文件,以及合同协议(如果有的话),以确保在达到全部项目要求之后才正式关闭项目。 机密文件的处理,需要审查合同中的要求,以确保正式关闭项目。

38、 一家全球性公司推出一个新项目,由各分支机构共同交付一个质量体系。关键项目相关方担心位于公司总部外面的人员参与程度。若要解决这个问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
A global company launches a new project to deliver a quality system across its branches. Key stakeholders are concerned about the levels of engagement for those located outside of company headquarters. What should the project manager do to address this?

 A :为位于公司总部的人员举行面对面会议,并向所有团队成员发送电子邮件会议纪要。 Conduct face-to-face meetings for those located in company headquarters, and email meeting minutes to all team members.

 B :与所有团队成员分享主要成就,并根据需要安排后续追踪电话。 Share main achievements with all team members, and schedule follow-up calls as required.

 C :使用电子邮件向所有团队成员发送项目相关主题。 Email all team members with topics relevant to the project.

 D : 安排运行所有参与者参加的虚拟会议,并向所有团队成员发送电子邮件会议纪要。 Schedule virtual meetings that allow all participants to attend, and email meeting minutes to all team members.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P392 章节:10.3.2.5 会议:面对面或虚拟会议适用于制定决策,回应相关方请求,与提供方、供应方及其他项目相关方讨论。 针对公司外面的人员,监督沟通,最好采用虚拟会议的方式。

40、 一个期限很短的项目关键相关方希望避免质量控制。项目经理知道必须提供最低质量水平。项目经理应当使用什么工具或技术?
Key stakeholders on a shout-deadline project want to avoid quality control. The project manager knows that a minimum level of quality must be provided. What tool or technique should the project manager use?

 A :标杆对照 Benchmarking

 B :统计抽样 Statistical sampling

 C :实验设计 Design of experiments

 D : 成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 成本效益分析:成本效益分析可帮助项目经理确定规划的质量活动是否有效利用了成本。 相关方不想在控制质量上花钱,有可能导致大的返工或召回成本,要使用成本效益分析说服相关方。

41、 针对设计经理提出的某个问题的解决方案,项目经理必须收集分析信息。以下哪一项能防止任何人对结果产生不适当的影响?
Regarding the resolution of an issue identified by the engineering manager, the project manager must gather information and reach a consensus of analysis. Which of the following presents any one person from having undue influence on the outcome?

 A : 德尔菲技术 Delphi technique

 B :名义组技术 Nominal group technique

 C :价值工程 Value engineering

 D :虚拟团队 Virtual team

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P142 章节:5.2.2.1 德尔菲技术:相关专家匿名参与。对专家的答卷进行归纳,发还给专家作进一步评论。这个过程重复几轮后,就可能取得一致意见。德尔菲技术有减轻数据的偏倚,防止任何个人对结果产生不恰当的影响。

42、 你刚刚被分配到一个即将到来的敏捷项目中。作为项目前期工作的一部分,你要审查组织关于合规性的所有政策和程序。你意识到其中只有一些可能适用于你的项目。首先你应该做什么?
You have just been assigned to an upcoming agile project. As part of pre-project work, you review all of the organization's policies and procedures regarding compliance. You realize that only some of them may be applicable to your project. What should you do first?

 A :将项目管理方法从敏捷切换到传统 Switch the project management approach from agile to traditional

 B :将所有合规政策和程序纳入实施战略 Incorporate all compliance policies and procedures in the implementation strategy

 C :确保合规活动包含在项目进度基准中 Ensure compliance activities are included in the project schedule baseline

 D : 对合规性分类进行分类以确定项目资源的支出 Classify the compliance categories to determine the expenditure of project resources

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.2 消除组织障碍:仆人式领导还应该关注其他冗长的过程,这些过程往往造成瓶颈问题,阻碍团队或组织的敏捷性。可能需要处理的过程或部门的例子包括,财务部门、变更控制委员会或审计部门。 合规性一般都会成为敏捷项目的障碍,因此要消除这些障碍,只做必要的工作。

43、 在项目规划阶段,项目经理完成进度计划。若要确定总体进度计划的灵活性,项目经理应使用下列哪项工作或技术?
During the project’s planning phase, the project manager completes the schedule planning. To make sure the overall flexibility of schedule, the project manager should use which of the following work or technical?

 A : 关键路径分析 Critical path analysis

 B :赶工 Crashing

 C :资源平衡 Resource leveling

 D :资源日历 Resource calendar

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P210 章节:6.5.2.2 关键路径法:关键路径法用于在进度模型中估算项目最短工期,确定逻辑网络路径的进度灵活性大小。 通过计算浮动时间来确定进度灵活性。

44、 项目具有较短的迭代计划和执行周期,其中需求是逐步细化的。关键相关方不断地参与进来,并提供频繁的反馈,从而使团队能够更快地应对变更。在这种类型的项目环境中,项目经理管理质量的最佳方法是什么?
A project has short iterative planning and executing cycles where the requirements are progressively elaborated. The key stakeholders are continuously involved and provide frequent feedback allowing the team to respond to changes more quickly. What is the best way for the project manager to manage quality in this type of project environment?

 A :通过定期进行质量审计 By conducting periodic quality audits

 B :通过使用确认范围过程 By using the Validate Scope process

 C : 通过安排定期回顾 By scheduling regular retrospectives

 D :通过使用质量控制矩阵 By using the quality control matrix

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 从题干分析,这是一个敏捷方法,只有C回顾会属于敏捷的方法。

45、 新项目中的所有团队成员都希望通过尽快交付价值来获得客户的信任。项目经理了解到一个资源已经在其他项目中与发起人一起工作。某资源似乎在使用个人影响力,从而与项目发起人合作以增加项目的利益实现。在项目的哪个阶段,项目经理应该解决这个问题以优化成本效益?
All team members on a new project want to gain the customer's trust by delivering value as quickly as possible. The project manager learns that one resource has worked with the sponsor on other projects. The resource seems to be using personal influence, working with a project sponsor to increase the project's benefits realization. At which stage in the project should the project manager address this concern to optimize cost effectiveness?

 A :在团队的执行阶段开始时 At the start of the team's performing stage

 B :紧接在第一次效益实现后 Immediately after the first benefit realization

 C : 在下次回顾仪式期间 During the next retrospective ceremony

 D :在下一次资源绩效审查期间 During the next resource performance review

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。

46、 在项目开发阶段,职能经理被调到另一个部门,不再参与该项目。项目经理首先应该做什么?
In the project development phase, the functional manager is transferred to another department and will no longer participate in the project. What should the project manager do first?

 A :修订沟通管理计划 Revise the communication management plan

 B : 更新相关方登记册 Update the stakeholder register

 C :评估对风险的影响 Assess the impact on risks

 D :审查项目人员分配 Review the project personnel allocation

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性 · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员; · 组织内部的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册。

48、 由于缺乏供应商支持,实施了将一个外部软件模块替换成内部模块的权变措施。在没有供应商答复的计划日期下,项目经理应该怎么做?
Due to lack of supplier support, a workaround to replace an external software module with an internal module is implemented. What should the project manager do as there is no planned date replied by the supplier?

 A :等待供应商的答复,并将该问题上报给项目发起人 To wait for the supplier's response and report the issue to the project sponsor

 B : 将该权变措施作为一项变更请求提交给变更控制委员会(CCB) To submit the workaround as a change request to the Change Control Board (CCB)

 C :遵循范围管理计划 To follow the scope control plan

 D :更新问题日志 To update the Problem Log

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P457 章节:11.7.3.2 变更请求:执行监督风险过程后,可能会就成本基准和进度基准,或项目管理计划的其他组件提出变更请求,应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。 权变以后,需要提交变更请求。

49、 为了开发可交付成果,项目管理计划规定,分析师应在每次迭代开始时向项目团队提供数据集。在每日站会,开发人员报告说没有可用的数据集,因为分析师离开了公司并且没有新人上岗。采取以下哪种措施是适当的?(选择两项)
To develop Project Deliverable, Project Management plan specifies that an analyst should provide data sets to project team at the beginning of each iteration. At the daily standup developer reported that there are no data sets available as analyst left company and role is not backfilled. Which action is appropriate out of following (Choose Two)

 A :提交变更请求以更新成本和进度基准 Submit a change request to update cost and schedule baseline

 B : 检查风险登记册,看是否有足够的应对 Check the risk register and see if there is an adequate response

 C : 与负责人一起将问题记录在风险登记册中 Record the problem in risk register with responsible person

 D :终止项目,因为现在没有前进计划 Terminate the project as there is no path forward now

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正确答案:B,C 你的答案:B,C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P455 章节:11.7.1.2 风险登记册 · 已识别单个项目风险 · 风险责任人 · 商定的风险应对策略 · 以及具体的应对措施。 遇风险,先查册。

50、 一个设计团队被分配开发一项新技术,让公司能够符合新的政府规定,应该用什么来收集产品设计属性?
A design team was assigned to develop a new technology. To allow the company to comply with new government regulations, what should be used to collect product design attributes?

 A :控制图 Control chart

 B : 需求跟踪矩阵 Requirements traceability matrix

 C :工作分解结构(WBS) Work breakdown structure (WBS)

 D :亲和图 Affinity diagram

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P149 章节:5.2.3.2 需求跟踪矩阵:应在需求跟踪矩阵中记录每个需求的相关属性,这些属性有助于明确每个需求的关键信息。 请注意题目问的是收集产品设计属性,不是收集需求,因此D不对。

51、 在定义范围之前,项目经理必须具有下列哪一份文件?
What document must a project manager have before defining scope?

 A :需求管理计划 Requirement management plan

 B : 项目章程 Project charter

 C :项目范围计划 Project scope plan

 D :项目风险计划 Project risk plan

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P152 章节:5.3.1.1 项目章程中包含对项目的高层级描述、产品特征和审批要求。 项目章程是定义范围的输入,需求管理计划不是。

52、 scrum master正在进行日常的站会。开发团队的每个成员都表示,由于各种阻碍,他们的工作已经停滞。因此,整个开发团队都被闲置,并且进度基准处于危险之中。scrum master首先应该做什么?
A scrum master is conducting a daily standup. Each member of the development team states that their work has been stalled due to various blockers. As a result, the entire development team has been idled, and the schedule baseline is in jeopardy. What should the scrum master do first?

 A :在会议期间努力解决问题 Attempt to resolve the problems during the meeting

 B : 分析并优先设置阻碍的优先级 Analyze and prioritize the blockers

 C :与此同时让团队参与另一个项目 Assign the team to work on another project in the meanwhile

 D :将该问题升级上报给项目发起人 Escalate the issue to the project sponsor

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P34 章节:4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:仆人式领导通过管理关系,在团队内和组织中建立沟通与协作。这些关系可以帮助领导在组织中得心应手地为团队提供支持。这种支持有助于消除障碍,促进团队理顺过程。 在敏捷实践中,项目经理重要的核心工作就是消除障碍。

54、 项目经理正在管理一个软件开发项目的执行工作。在执行过程中,发生了一个风险应对计划中没有包括的风险。项目经理应该怎么做?
The project manager is managing the execution of a software development project. During the execution process, a risk that is not included in the risk response plan happens. What should the project manager do?

 A :使用应急储备来解决风险的后果 To solve the risk consequence with emergency reserves

 B :把风险的实际情况报告给管理层 To report the actual situation of the risk to the management

 C : 召开团队会议讨论权变措施 To hold a team meeting to discuss workaround

 D :忽略此风险,因为它未包括在风险计划中 To ignore this risk, because this risk is not included in the plan.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P457 章节:11.7.3.2 变更请求:执行监督风险过程后,可能会就成本基准和进度基准,或项目管理计划的其他组件提出变更请求,应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。 未知风险发生后的应对措施叫权变措施。

56、 项目经理安排一次迭代审查,并了解到一些关键相关方不同意已开发功能的方法。为了解决这个问题,项目经理首先应该做什么?
The project manager schedules an iteration review and learns that a few key stakeholders do not approve of how a feature has been developed. What should the project manager do first in order to address this issue?

 A :邀请项目团队成员参加头脑风暴会议,以确定适当的应对策略。 Invite project team members to a brainstorming session to identify an appropriate response.

 B : 只有在评估这些相关方关心的原因之后才能解决这个问题。 Address the issue only after evaluating why these stakeholders are concerned.

 C :通过列出对情况的赞成和反对来确定冲突的影响。 Determine the impact of the conflict by listing the pros and cons of the situation.

 D :要求项目发起人作为中立方与那些不满意的相关方进行谈判。 Ask the project sponsor to act as a neutral party in negotiation with those stakeholders who are dissatisfied.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P527 章节:13.3.2.3 冲突管理:项目经理应提供协助,促成满意的解决方案,采用直接和合作的方式,尽早并且通常在私下处理冲突。 要先分析原因,再讨论措施,因此先B再A。

57、 项目经理正在制定最终的项目计划,在对以往项目进行历史数据回顾的过程发现相关方对于大部分的项目最终报告是不满意的,项目经理应该如何防止这种情况再次发生?
The project manager is developing the final project plan. During the process of reviewing the historical data of previous projects, he or she found that the stakeholders were not satisfied with most of the final reports of the project. How can the project manager prevent this from happening again?

 A : 制定相关方参与计划 Develop stakeholder management plan

 B :与相关方协助处理冲突解决 Assist stakeholders in conflict resolution

 C :头脑风暴寻找更好的报告方法 Conduct brainstorming for better reporting methods

 D :修改相关方参与计划 Revise stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 相关方参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。相关方参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或相关方参与的特定策略或方法。 之前大部分相关方不满意是因为没制定相关方参与计划,因此本项目要制定。

58、 一个平衡矩阵组织中的项目管理办公室(PMO)必须向CEO提供某项目状态,进度,资源统计和项目组合指标的季度报告,为完成这个目标,项目经理应该注意什么?
The project management office (PMO) in a balanced matrix organization must provide the CEO with a quarterly report on project status, progress, resource statistics and portfolio indicators. What should the project manager pay attention to in order to accomplish this goal?

 A :沟通模型 Communication model

 B :项目管理信息系统 Project management information system

 C :会议 Meeting

 D : 绩效报告 Performance report

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P382 章节:10.2.1.3 工作绩效报告:根据沟通管理计划的定义,工作绩效报告会通过本过程传递给项目相关方。工作绩效报告的典型示例包括状态报告和进展报告。 XX报告一般是报告给领导或者外部关键相关方的。

60、 在执行一个几乎落后于进度的项目时,项目经理必须试运行一台新设备。一个会被该项目影响的当地组织要求立即停止项目,因为没有向他们提供批准项目的机会。若要避免这个问题,项目经理应该事先做什么?
While executing a project that is lagging behind the schedule, the project manager must try a new device. A local organization that will be affected by the project required an immediate stop of the project because there was no opportunity for them to approve the project. To avoid this problem, what should the project manager do in advance?

 A :使用冲突管理技术 Use conflict management technology

 B :获得所有相关方签署和批准项目章程 Get all stakeholders to sign and approve the project charter

 C :使用谈判和影响技巧和技能 Use negotiation and influence skills

 D : 实施相关方参与计划 Implement stakeholder engagement plan

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P522 章节:13.2.3.1 相关方参与计划:是项目管理计划的组成部分。它确定用于促进相关方有效参与决策和执行的策略和行动。相关方参与计划可包括(但不限于)调动个人或相关方参与的特定策略或方法。 相关方的参与策略在相关方参与计划里,问事先做什么,找计划。

61、 一名工程师在没有提交变更请求的情况下,完成一名项目相关方的可交付成果变更要求。项目经理应该怎么做?
An engineer completes a stakeholder request for a change in a deliverable without submitting a change request. What should the project manager do?

 A :获得为何进行变更的相关信息 Obtain information about why the change was made

 B : 审查变更的影响,并提交变更请求 Review the impact of the change, and submit a change request

 C :更新问题日志 Update the issue log

 D :指示该工程师撤销变更 Instruct the engineer to undo the change

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P113 章节:4.6 变更流程:变更提出后,先分析影响,再提交含解决措施的变更请求给CCB。 任何变更都要走正式的变更流程。

62、 在项目最后一次迭代结束前两天,敏捷教练注意到其中一位开发人员的绩效明显下降,危及迭代目标。教练和开发人员在迭代结束后的一天安排了一对一的指导会议。在这种情况下,敏捷教练最好采取什么行动方案?
Two days before the end of the last iteration of the project, an agile coach has noticed that the performance of one of the developers significantly degraded, risking the iteration goal. The coach and the developer have a one-on-one coaching meeting scheduled a day after the iteration’s end date. What is the best course of action for the agile coach to take in this situation?

 A :对开发人员进行个人绩效评估 Conduct the individual performance appraisal of the developer

 B :要求团队一起完成本应分配给此开发人员的任务 Ask the team to swarm on the tasks assigned to the developer

 C : 利用实时反馈与开发人员一起解决问题 Employ real-time feedback to address the issue with the developer

 D :等待与开发人员安排的一对一会议 Wait for the one-on-one meeting scheduled with the developer

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用:仆人式领导促进团队内部和团队之间的合作与对话。例如,仆人式领导在团队内部和团队之间帮助发现瓶颈问题,并进行相应沟通。 有问题要实时解决,而不是事后再处理。

63、 项目经理完成三个月的工作,成本偏差为$-3,000美元,挣值分析显示下列哪一项?
A Project manager completes three months of work with a cost variance of $-3,000. Which of the following does the earned value analysis show?

 A :有利;项目的执行效率比计划高 Favorable; the project is performing more efficiently than planned

 B : 不利;项目的执行效率比计划低 Unfavorable; the project is performing less efficiently than planned

 C :有利;项目提前于进度 Favorable; the project is ahead of schedule

 D :不利;项目落后于进度 Unfavorable; the project is behind of schedule

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析: 成本绩效指数(CPI)是测量预算资源的成本效率的一种指标,表示为挣值。 与实际成本之比。它是最关键的 EVA 指标,用来测量已完成工作的成本效率。当 CPI 小于 1.0时,说明已完成工作的成本超支;当 CPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明到目前为止成本有结余。 这里为执行效率低导致的成本超支。

64、 项目发起人指示项目经理立即开始一个工期非常紧迫的关键项目,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
The project sponsor instructs the project manager to immediately kick-off a key project on very tight schedule. What should the project manager do in the first place?

 A :与所有部门一起开会,以获得他们的认同与支持 To hold a meeting with all departments concerned to seek their approval and support

 B :询问发起人该项目得如何获得资金支持 To ask the sponsor how this project gets financial support

 C : 收集初始需求以创建项目章程 To collect initial requirements to generate the project charter

 D :起草项目进度计划以确定截止期限是否可行 To draft the project schedule to ascertain if the deadline will be met

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处: PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程:项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息。 项目要在章程正式批准后才能正式开始。

65、 在准备项目开工时,项目经理了解到他们组织之前曾与客户有过负面的工作经验。由于项目经理希望在新项目期间开展正面合作,需要了解过去出现过哪些问题。项目经理应该审查之前有关该客户的哪些项目文件?
While preparing for a project's kick-off,the project manager learns that their organization had previous negative work experiences with the customer.Since the project manager wants a positive collaboration during the new project,they need to understand what went wrong in the past. What previous project documents for this customer should the project manager review?

 A : 经验教训库 Lessons learned repositories

 B :项目范围和可交付成果 Project scopes and deliverables

 C :风险登记册和问题日志 Risk registers and issue logs

 D :项目管理计划 Project management plants

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P104 章节:4.4.3.1 经验教训登记册:经验教训登记册可以记录遇到的挑战、问题、意识到的风险和机会,或其他适用的内容。 经验教训登记册在早期创建,在整个项目期间,它可以作为很多过程的输入,也可以作为输出而不断更新。 经验教训改善未来绩效,因此参考经验教训,一般不会犯过去的错误。

66、 产品已经试验性地推出市场。但客户报告存在一些问题。用于纠正这些问题的成本应归为下列哪一类成本?
A product is test launched. The customer reports a few issues. The cost of correcting these issues is classified as which of the following?

 A :预防成本 Prevention

 B :修复成本 Repair

 C :内部损失成本 International (Internal) failure

 D : 外部损失成本 External failure

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 质量成本 · 预防成本 · 评估成本 · 内部失败成本 · 外部失败成本 客户发现的,为外部失败成本

68、 项目团队成员对他们应该如何工作才能满足项目目标感到不确定。为了让团队成员更好的了解他们在项目当中的角色,项目经理应该向团队成员提供哪份文件?
A project team member is uncertain how their work is assisting in meeting objectives of the project. Which document will the project manager provide to the team member in order to help them better understand their role on the project?

 A :项目沟通计划 Project communication plan

 B : 资源计划 Resources plan

 C :项目章程 Project charter

 D :项目管理计划 Project management plan

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P318 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划 · 角色。 · 职权。 · 职责。 · 能力。 角色与职责在资源管理计划里,角色与职责的关系在责任分配矩阵里

69、 敏捷教练一直在通过或超越他们当前的角色来培养和发展团队成员。这帮助一些团队成员发展了他们的个人和专业技能,使他们觉得他们已经超越了自己的角色。最终,他们中的一些人离开了团队,在组织内外寻找新的机会。敏捷教练的方法正确吗?
An agile coach has been nurturing and growing team members through and beyond their current roles. This helped several team members to develop their personal and professional skills to the level where they felt that they outgrew their roles. Eventually, some of them left the team to pursue new opportunities within the organization and outside of it. Was the agile coach right in her approach?

 A :不正确,敏捷领导者必须确保团队成员永远不会离开他们的团队 No, agile leaders must ensure the team members never leave their teams

 B : 正确,敏捷领导者应该培养团队成员,即使这意味着失去他们 Yes, agile leaders should develop team members even if that means losing them

 C :不正确,敏捷领导者可能会培养团队成员,但不会超越他们当前的角色 No, agile leaders may develop team members but not beyond their current roles

 D :正确,敏捷领导者必须确保团队成员最终离开团队 Yes, agile leaders have to make sure team members eventually leave the team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P37 章节:4.2.1 仆人式领导的职责:仆人式领导的一个关键作用是,培养和发展团队成员,帮助他们超越自身当前的角色,即使团队将失去他们也在所不惜。

70、 一个项目团队正在不同时区工作,团队成员之间经常出现误解,尽管项目经理试图解决这个问题,但这个问题一直没有得到解决。若要改善这种情况,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project team is working in different time zones. There are frequent misunderstandings among team members. Although the project manager tried to solve this problem, the problem has not been solved. What should the project manager do to improve this situation?

 A :在团队会议上解决这个问题 Solve this problem at the team meeting

 B :与每位团队成员分别解决这个问题 Solve this problem separately with each team member

 C : 修订沟通管理计划 Revise the communication management plan

 D :审查相关方的需求 Review the stakeholders 'requirements

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 误解一般都是沟通出了问题。

72、 一位高级经理将商业论证交给项目经理,该商业论证将用作制定项目章程的输入。有几个源作为创建商业论证的触发项。以下哪一项不是触发因素之一?
A senior manager hands the project manager the business case that will be used as an input to develop the project charter. Several sources served as the triggers for the creation of the business case. Which of the following would not be one of those triggers?

 A : 项目经理的专家判断 Project manager's expert judgment

 B :法律要求 Legal requirement

 C :客户需求 Customer request

 D :社会需求 Social need

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P78 章节:4.1.1.1 商业论证的触发 · 市场需求 · 组织需求 · 客户要求 · 技术进步 · 法律要求 · 生态影响 · 社会需要 里面没有项目经理的专家判断。

73、 在正式建议邀请书发出后,潜在供应商提交了投标文件,所有供应商的投标包包含两个信封,一个是技术提案,另一个是财务提案。项目采购人员收到三份报价:A 供应商,120 万美元;B供应商:140 万美元;C 供应商:100 万美元。项目采购人员向项目经理通报了选择提案的困难。项目经理忘记向项目采购人员提供什么?
Following the issuance of the formal proposal, the potential supplier submitted the tender document, and all the suppliers' tender packages included two envelopes, one technical proposal and the other financial proposal. Project procurement staff received three quotations: supplier A, 1.2 million USD, B suppliers: USD 1.4 million; Suppliers: 1 million USD. Project procurement staff informed the project manager of the difficulty of selecting proposals. What did the project manager forget to offer the project purchaser?

 A : 供方选择标准 Source Selection Criteria

 B :合格卖方名单 List of qualified sellers

 C :卖方提案 Seller's proposa

 D :自制或外购决定 Homemade or outsourced decisions

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P485 章节:12.2.1.3 供方选择标准:此类标准描述如何评估投标人的建议书,包括评估标准和权重。 为了减轻风险,买方可能决定与多个卖方签署协议,以便在单个卖方出问题并影响整体项目时,降低由此导致的损失。 选择供应商困难,是因为没有提供选择标准。

74、 项目经理希望将项目目标传达给团队,获得他们的承诺,并说明每个相关方的角色与职责。若要完成这些工作,项目经理应该做什么?
A project manager wants to communicate project objectives to the team, gain their commitment,and explain the roles and responsibilities of each stakeholder.What should the project manager do to accomplish this?

 A :开展团队建设活动 Conduct team-building activities

 B : 召开团队开工大会 Hold a team kick-off meeting

 C :制定基本规则,并告知团队,让团队了解期望 Set ground roles for circulation to the team so that expectations are understood

 D :要求团队查阅项目管理计划,以了解项目 Ask the team to review the project management plan to gain an understanding of the project

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P86 章节:4.2.2.4 Kick-off 会议:项目开工会议通常意味着规划阶段结束和执行阶段开始,旨在传达项目目标、获得团队对项目的承诺,以及阐明每个相关方的角色和职责。 开工会议,完成自上而下的传达与自下而上的承诺。

75、 项目经理与项目相关方开会,获得关于如何最好地向施工现场输送用品的信息和知识。这属于哪种沟通方法?
A project manager holds a meeting with project stakeholders to obtain information and knowledge on how to best deliver supplies to the construction site. Which method type is he or she using?

 A : 交互式沟通 Interactive communication

 B :内部沟通 Internal communication

 C :拉式沟通 Pull communication

 D :推式沟通 Push communication

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P374 章节:10.1.2.5 沟通方法: · 互动沟通。诸如会议、电话、即时信息、社交媒体和视频会议等沟通工件。 · 推式沟通。信件、备忘录、报告、电子邮件、传真、语音邮件、博客、新闻稿。 · 拉式沟通。门户网站、企业内网、电子在线课程、经验教训数据库或知识库。 开会属于互动沟通。

76、 意料之外的技术问题需要添加三个新的项目资源。现有团队表现良好,但由于没有跟团队新资源分享关键信息,导致落后于进度。项目经理应该怎么做?
Unexpected technical problems require the addition of three new project resources. The existing project team was performing well, but now falls behind schedule since critical information not being shared by the new resources. What should the project manager do?

 A :指示所有团队成员查看沟通管理计划。 Direct all team members to refer to the communications management plan.

 B :与新资源开会,说明基本规则并要求妥协。 Meet with the new resources to explain the ground rules, and request a compromise.

 C :要求职能经理指示新团队成员遵循相关方管理计划。 Ask the functional managers to instruct the new team members to follow the stakeholder management plan.

 D : 开展团队建设活动,鼓励人际关系纽带 Conduct team building activities to encourage interpersonal bonds.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P341 章节:9.4.2.4 团队建设:团队建设是通过举办各种活动,强化团队的社交关系,打造积极合作的工作环境。 不与新团队成员分享信息,说明工作关系还没到位。

77、 下列哪一种图表示用来说明需要完成的工作与团队资源之间的关系?
What diagram is used to illustrate the connections between work to be completed and team resources?

 A :资源直方图 Resource histogram

 B :组织图 Organizational chart

 C :控制图 Control chart

 D : RACI图 RACI chart

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P317 章节:9.1.2.2 责任分配矩阵:责任分配矩阵展示项目资源在各个工作包中的任务分配.矩阵图能反映与每个人相关的所有活动,以及与每项活动相关的所有人员,它也可确保任何一项任务都只有一个人负责,从而避免职权不清。 角色(人)跟职责(活)之间的关系,找责任分配矩阵。

78、 由于三天前出现的问题没有得到解决,所以冲刺中计划好的任务未能完成。项目经理希望在未来防止这种情况的发生。项目经理应该做什么?
A planned task in a sprint does not get completed due to an issue that appeared three days ago but did not get resolved. The Project Manager wants to prevent this type of situation in the future. What should the Project Manager do?

 A : 在回顾期间检查问题 During the retrospective, examine the issue

 B :在演示中解决这个问题 In the demo, address the issue

 C :在下一次迭代规划会议期间讨论这个问题 During the next iteration planning meeting, discuss the issue

 D :在接下来的每日站会上,审查该问题 In the next daily standup meeting, review the issue

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 回顾总结会的主要目的是总结经验教训。

79、 在六次迭代之后,项目范围和进度发生了重大变化。其原因在于客户的定期审查的技术法规和安全政策。项目经理希望为下一次迭代提出一种新的方法以避免可能的延迟。项目经理首先应该做什么?
After six iterations, significant variations have occurred to project scope and schedule. These are due to the customer's technology regulations and security policies, which are regularly reviewed. The project manager wants to suggest a new approach to the next iteration to avoid possible delays. What should the project manager do first?

 A : 对每个改进项目的重要性进行排序,然后实施上次回顾中确定的行动。 Rank the importance of each improvement item, then implement actions identified during the last retrospective.

 B :进行成本效益分析,以帮助预测下一阶段通过使用新技术可能实现的利润。 Engage in a cost-benefit analysis that can help predict the profits that could be realized through the use of new technology for the next phase.

 C :研究在类似项目中取得成功的新技术趋势和管理工具。 Research new technology trends and management tools that have been successful on similar projects.

 D :使用待办事项列表的细化会议,并将客户的变更请求包括在讨论中。 Use a backlog refinement meeting and include the customer's change requests in the discussion.

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P51 章节:5.2.1 回顾 来自团队的一位促进者引导团队通过一个活动对所有改进事项的重要性进行排序。完成对改进事项的排序后,团队为下一次迭代选择合适的数量。

80、 在某个软件开发项目中,卖方已经按照合同要求圆满地完成了项目工作,这时,买方又要求在合同中添加一项新工作。鉴于上述情况,卖方应该如何做?
In a software development project, the seller has successfully completed the project work in accordance with the requirements as specified in the contract. At this point, the buyer requests to add a new work in the contract. Given this, what should the seller do?

 A : 开始合同收尾,并要求就新工作签订新合同 To proceed with the contract closing and to request a new contract for the new work

 B :同意添加新工作,但要求用成本补偿的方式来做 To agree to add the new work, but request the cost reimbursement

 C :拒绝做新工作,因为合同已经完成 To refuse to do new work because the contract has been completed

 D :立即开展新工作,以便维护与买方的良好关系 To immediately start the new work to maintain a good relationship with the buyer

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P121 章节:4.7 项目已经完成,可以正常进入收尾。买方有新的工作要求,可以签订新的合同。

81、 某天晚上下班的时候,由于司机休假,你们公司的 CEO 不得不自己开车。但是他怎么也找不到出楼的路,加上他本来已经比较疲惫了,所以他感到非常恼火。第二天就找人要改善本楼的出入系统,以方便大家进出。而你正是这个出入系统的项目经理,你决定用流程图来做什么事情?
After a long and frustrating day, your company CEO found himself circling the attendant’s booth at the adjacent parking garage in a futile attempt to find his way out of the building (his limousine driver had taken the day off). He approached the building manager the next day and said he would have his staff design an improved system for vehicle egress and ingress. You are the project manager for this project. What did you decide to do with the flowchart?

 A : 帮助分析问题是如何出现的 Help analyze how problems occur

 B :表明任务之间的依赖关系 Show dependencies between tasks

 C :说明一个流程的结果 Show the results of a process

 D :预测未来成果 Forecast future outcomes

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 流程图 见 8.1.2.5 节。流程图展示了引发缺陷的一系列步骤。

82、 项目每日站会时间很长,经常超过两个小时。项目团队利用站会对项目障碍的解决方案进行扩展讨论。项目经理应该做什么来改善每日站会?
A projects daily standups are long and often last more than two hours. The project team uses the standup meetings for extended discussions about solutions to project obstacles. What should the Project Manager do to improve the daily standup meetings?

 A :邀请部门经理参加团队成员的讨论,以便以商业方式确定解决方案 Invite department managers to participate in the team members discussions, in order to identify solutions in a business-like manner

 B :要求在每次站会时缩短讨论时间,留出更多的工作时间 Request shorter discussion time during each standup, leaving more time for working

 C :加入新的团队成员,他将负责管理障碍和会议来讨论可能的解决方案 Insert a new team member who will manage obstacles and meetings to discuss possible solutions

 D : 指导团队成员,让他们有机会缩短所有的站会,并改进他们确定解决方案的方法 Coach team members that they have the opportunity to shorten all standup meetings and improve their method for identifying solutions

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P53 章节:5.2.4 每日站会:为每日站会规定时间盒,不超出 15 分钟。站会是为了发现存在问题,而不是解决它们。将问题添加到停车场区,然后创建另一次会议,它可以在站会之后立即召开,并在会上解决问题。 每日站会不解决问题。

83、 一个组织建立了一个控制型项目管理办公室 (PMO)。PMO 的首要任务是更新组织中的项目合规性准则。PMO 可以强制执行以下哪一项?(选择三个)
An organization has established a controlling project management office (PMO). The first task of the PMO is to update the guidelines for project compliance in the organization. Which of the following could the PMO enforce? (Choose three)

 A : 特定项目管理方法的使用 Use of particular project management methodologies

 B : 采用特定的模板、表单和工具 Adoption of specific templates, forms, and tools

 C :遵守当地卫生法规 Adherence to local health regulations

 D : 与治理框架保持一致 Conformance to governance frameworks

 E :项目管理办公室指派的项目经理 Assignment of project managers by the PMO

 F :发放管理储备 Release of management reserves

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正确答案:A,B,D 你的答案:A,B,D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P48 章节:2.4.4.3 项目管理办公室:控制型PMO不仅提供支持,而且通过各种手段要求项目服从 · 采用项目管理框架或方法论 · 使用特定的模板、格式、工具 · 服从治理

84、 在一次会议上,产品负责人重申了产品愿景,描述了目标用户组,业务目标,以及敏捷项目即将发布的主要功能。随后,为了直观地描述这些功能,产品负责人创建了产品路线图。以下哪项最能描述会议目的?
During a meeting, the product owner restated the product vision, described the target user groups, the business goals, and main features to be delivered by the agile project in its upcoming releases. Then, to visually depict these features, the product owner created the product roadmap. Which of the following best describes the purpose of the meeting?

 A : 在项目相关方之间建立共享的项目愿景 Establish a shared project vision among the project stakeholders

 B :为每个即将发布的版本创建产品待办事项列表 Create the product backlog for each one of the upcoming releases

 C :在项目相关方之间建立共享发布愿景 Establish a shared release vision among the project stakeholders

 D :确定项目范围、进度、成本、质量和资源 Determine the project scope, schedule, cost, quality, and resources

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P49 章节:5.1 敏捷项目章程 · 我们为什么要做这个项目?这是项目愿景。 · 谁会从中受益?如何受益?这可能是项目愿景和/或项目目标的一部分。 · 对此项目而言,达到哪些条件才意味着项目完成?这些是项目的发布标准。 · 我们将怎样合作?这说明预期的工作流。 这题注意项目愿景的作用

85、 一名新的项目经理被任命管理一个项目,而该项目已经在进行中。由于涉及到的资源非常多,新的项目经理弄不清楚每个人的职责范围。新的项目经理可以参阅什么文件来解除他的困惑?
A new project manager is assigned to a project that is already in progress. Because there are so many resources involved, the new project manager is confused about who does what. What document can the new project manager consult to clear their confusion?

 A :项目组织图 Project organization chart

 B :组织分解结构 Organization breakdown structure

 C : 责任分配矩阵 Responsibility assignment matrix

 D :资源分解结构 Resource breakdown structure

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P317 章节:9.1.2.2 责任分配矩阵:责任分配矩阵展示项目资源在各个工作包中的任务分配。矩阵图能反映与每个人相关的所有活动,以及与每项活动相关的所有人员,它也可确保任何一项任务都只有一个人负责,从而避免职权不清。 角色(人)跟职责(活)之间的关系,找责任分配矩阵。

86、 一家组织的经验教训数据库表明过去的重大项目问题是质量失败,为确保质量,项目经理决定在制定质量保证计划时做的更彻底,项目经理应该怎么做?
An organization's lessons learned database shows that the major project problem of the past was quality failures. To ensure quality, the project manager should make more thorough decisions while developing quality assurance programs. What should the project manager do?

 A :根据项目的范围和需求制定质量管理计划 Develop the quality management plan based on the scope and requirements of the project

 B :将所有质量控制过程纳入项目中 Include all quality control processes in the project

 C : 在项目核对单中包含来自过往项目所有的经验教训 Include all lessons learned from past projects in the project checklist

 D :在风险登记册中添加一个新风险 Add a new risk to the risk register

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P292 章节:8.2.2.1 核对单:核对单是一种结构化工具,通常列出特定组成部分,用来核实所要求的一系列步骤是否已得到执行或检查需求列表是否已得到满足。 核对单的重要特点,全面且避免遗漏。

88、 制定项目章程时,销售团队和运营团队对高层次项目描述和需求意见不一致。项目经理应该怎么做?
While developing a project charter, a disagreement on the high-level project description and requirements occurs between the sales and operational teams. What should the project manager do?

 A :使用专家判断来完成项目章程。 Use expert judgment to complete the project charter.

 B :安排一次与项目发起人的会议。 Schedule a meeting with the sponsor.

 C : 应用引导技术解决问题。 Apply facilitation techniques for problem solving.

 D :使用可用的详细信息完成项目章程。 Complete the project charter with the available details.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P145 章节:5.2.2.6 引导:引导与主题研讨会结合使用,把主要相关方召集在一起定义产品需求。研讨会可用于快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异。 快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异。

89、 因为所有的预算已经花光,发起人要求项目经理停止项目,项目经理应该怎么做
Because all budgets have run out, the sponsor requests the project manager to suspend the project. What should the project manager do?

 A :准备变更请求,更新项目范围 To prepare the change request and to update the project scope

 B : 记录项目情况,准备最终报告 To record the project conditions and to prepare the final report

 C :寻找新的发起人,更新项目章程 To fine a new sponsor and to update the project charter

 D :与客户洽谈,继续完成剩余任务 To negotiate with the client and to finish the left tasks

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P128 章节:4.7.3.4 收尾流程:如果项目在完工前提前终止,则需要在正式的收尾文件中说明项目终止的原因,并规定正式程序,把该项目的已完成和未完成的可交付成果移交他人。 项目中止,要执行收尾过程。

90、 项目发起人批准项目里程碑进度计划并任命一名项目经理。评审进度计划之后,项目经理得出日期不现实的结论。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
A project sponsor approves the project milestone schedule and assigns a project manager. After reviewing the schedule, the project manager concludes that the dates are unrealistic. What should the project manager do next?

 A :创建一份因果图。 Create a cause-and-effect diagram.

 B :产生进度计划网络图。 Produce a schedule network diagram.

 C :对批准的进度计划赶工。 Crash the approved schedule.

 D : 执行进度网络分析。 Perform a schedule network analysis.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P209 章节:6.5.2.1 进度网络分析:是创建项目进度模型的一种综合技术,它采用了其他几种技术,例如关键路径法、资源优化技术和建模技术。进度网络分析是一个反复进行的过程,一直持续到创建出可行的进度模型。

91、 一位来自传统项目管理组织的项目经理被分配到正在进行的项目中。最近,该组织开始在其项目中使用敏捷方法。项目经理听说有些团队成员感觉缺少关键主题的专业知识,并且团队内部协作不足。项目经理应该如何回应这些团队成员的担忧?
A Project Manager from a traditional project management organization is assigned to an ongoing project. Recently, the organization has started to use agile methodologies in its projects. The Project Manager hears that some team members feel like key subject matter expertise is missing and there is insufficient collaboration within the team. How should the Project Manager respond to these team members' concerns?

 A :聘请第三方专家来填补知识空白 Employ third-party specialists to fill the knowledge gap

 B :通过请求向发起人添加额外资源 Add additional resources via a request to the sponsor

 C : 添加跨职能的内部资源 Add cross-functional internal resources

 D :在可能的情况下,修改甘特图到看板面板 Where possible, modify Gantt charts to Kanban boards

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P42 章节:4.3.3 通才型专家:敏捷团队是跨职能的,但其人员往往不会一开始就做到这样。不过,许多成功的敏捷团队都由通才型专家组成,他们也称为 T 型人才。 这意味着这些团队成员在具备一项擅长的专业化技能的同时,还拥有多种技能的工作经验,而不是单一的专业化。 T型、通才型、跨职能型人才是敏捷团队成员的重要特点。

92、 由于专家对项目需求的意见不一致,项目现在存在落后于进度的风险,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project is at risk of falling behind schedule due to experts’ differences of opinion over project requirements. What should the project manager do?

 A :将问题上报给项目发起人。 Escalate it to the project sponsor.

 B : 安排一次会议,审查项目范围。 Schedule a meeting to review project scope.

 C :提交变更请求。 Submit a change request.

 D :妥协,同时关注项目目标。 Compromise, with focusing on project goals.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P145 章节:5.2.2.6 引导:引导与主题研讨会结合使用,把主要相关方召集在一起定义产品需求。研讨会可用于快速定义跨职能需求并协调相关方的需求差异。

93、 一个项目反复出现缺陷,可能导致无法满足客户期望。项目经理首先应该使用什么来解决这个问题?
A project is experiencing recurring defects, which may result in unmet customer expectation. What should the project manager do first to address this?

 A :开展统计抽样。 Conduct statistical sampling.

 B :准备石川图。 Prepare an Ishikawa diagram.

 C :创建一份亲和图。 Create an affinity diagram.

 D : 执行质量审计。 Perform a quality audit.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P294 章节:8.2.2.5 审计:是用于确定项目活动是否遵循了组织和项目的政策、过程与程序的一种结构化且独立的过程。质量审计通常由项目外部的团队开展,如组织内部审计部门、项目管理办公室 (PMO) 或组织外部的审计师。质量审计目标可能包括 · 识别全部正在实施的良好及最佳实践; · 识别所有违规做法、差距及不足; · 分享所在组织和/或行业中类似项目的良好实践; · 积极、主动地提供协助,以改进过程的执行,从而帮助团队提高生产效率; · 强调每次审计都应对组织经验教训知识库的积累做出贡献。 项目反复出缺陷,不是具体的可交付成果有缺陷,说明过程有问题,审计合适一些。

94、 项目团队刚刚完成一个新的订单跟踪系统的开发。项目发起人销售总监对新系统非常满意。而生产总监对此不满,并要求重新设计该系统以满足生产需求。项目经理估计重新设计系统会导致项目实施延迟两个月。项目经理本应如何做就可以避免发生这种情况?
A project team has just completed the development of a new order tracking system. The project sponsor, the director of sales, is pleased with the new system. However, the director of manufacturing is not pleased and has demanded that the system be re-designed to meet manufacturing concerns. The project manager estimates that a system redesign will delay implementation by two months.How could the project manager have avoided this situation?

 A :在编制计划阶段完成角色和职责矩阵 Completed a roles and responsibility matrix in the planning phrase.

 B : 让项目相关方充分参与,确保要求不被忽略 Involved key stakeholders to ensure that requirements were not overlooked.

 C :确保让销售总监批准该需求 Ensured that the director of sales had approved the requirements.

 D :在编制项目计划阶段,制定有效的项目范围和变更控制流程 Developed an effective project scope and change control process during project planning.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P504 章节:13 相关方参与:为提高成功的可能性,应该在项目章程被批准、项目经理被委任,以及团队 开始组建之后,尽早开始识别相关方并引导相关方参与。

95、 在项目启动大会后,一位部门经理认为他们的需求没有得到解决,现在拒绝参与项目,在这次会议之前,项目经理应该准备什么?
After the project initiation conference, a department manager thought that their needs had not been solved. Now they refuse to participate in the project. What should the project manager prepare before this meeting?

 A :需求跟踪矩阵 Requirements traceability matrix

 B : 相关方分析 Stakeholder analysis

 C :风险分析 Risk analysis

 D :沟通需求分析 Communication requirements analysis

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.3 相关方分析:相关方分析会产生相关方清单和关于相关方的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。 注意相关方的核心思想就是管理相关方的抵制与支持。 A可能未收集需求。

97、 一个制造项目预期每周将交付 100,000 件产品,周缺陷率不大于 0.01%。在过去四周内的缺陷率却是 0.3%、0.1%、0.1%和 0.45%。项目经理集合了一支专家队,判定原材料不满足质量规范。项目团队决定将有必要修订原材料检查过程。 项目经理应如何处理这些信息?
A manufacturing project is expected to deliver 100,000 items per week at a weekly defect rate of no more than 0.01 percent. Within the past four weeks, the defect rate was meanwhile 0.3 percent, 0.1 percent, 0.1 percent, and 0.45 percent. The project manager assembles a team of experts that determines that the raw materials do not meet quality specification. The project team decides that a revised raw material inspection process will be necessary. What should the project manager do with this information?

 A :执行优势、劣势、机会与威胁(SWOT)分析 Perform a strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats (SWOT) analysis

 B : 提出变更请求 Initiate a change request

 C :请求额外的质量资源 Request additional quality resources

 D :开展一致成本研究 Conduct a cost of conformance study

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P306 章节:8.3.3.4 变更请求:如果控制质量过程期间出现了可能影响项目管理计划任何组成部分或项目文件的变更,项目经理应提交变更请求,且应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。 修订“原材料检查过程”,需要通过变更流程更改“质量管理计划”。

98、 在项目执行过程中,一名相关方希望知道谁有权分配项目资源,为了解决这个问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
In the implementation of the project, a stakeholder wants to know who has the right to allocate project resources. What should the project manager do to solve the problem?

 A :与该相关方一起审查项目章程 Review the project charter with the stakeholder

 B :与该相关方一起检查沟通管理计划 Check the communication management plan with the stakeholder

 C : 与该相关方一起审查资源管理计划 Review the human resources management plan with the stakeholder

 D :获得相关方的一致同意,并更新相关方登记册 Acquire the unanimity of the stakeholder and update the stakeholder register

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P318 章节:9.1.3.1 资源管理计划 角色与职责 · 角色。 在项目中,某人承担的职务或分配给某人的职务 · 职权。 使用项目资源、做出决策、签字批准、验收可交付成果并影响他人开展项目工作的权力。 · 职责。 为完成项目活动,项目团队成员必须履行的职责和工作。 · 能力。 为完成项目活动,项目团队成员需具备的技能和才干。 资源管理计划中规定了谁有权力分配资源。项目章程只确定了项目经理的分配资源的权力

99、 政府法律的变更会对现有项目产生潜在影响。项目风险减轻计划用于解决潜在影响以及要求的行动。在政府法律变更发生之后,执行了必要措施,但是导致了新的风险。这属于哪种风险类型?
Changes in government laws can have a potential impact on existing projects. Project riskmitigation plans are used to address potential impacts and actions required. After the change ofgovernment law, the necessary measures were implemented, but the new risks were caused. What type of risk does this belong to?

 A :触发风险 Trigger risk

 B :残余风险 Residual risk

 C : 次生风险 Secondary risk

 D :减轻风险 Mitigate risk

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P439 章节:11.5 次生风险是实施风险应对措施而直接导致的风险

100、 一家大型、全球性公司的员工分布在七个不同国家。为确保项目成功,每个人——无论其地理位置——必须能够方便地通过安全的内部网站访问培训。这使用的是哪种沟通方法?
A large, global company has employees located in seven different countries. To assure the project successes, everyone – regardless of physical location – must be able to convenient to visit training via a secured intranet site.

 A :交互式沟通 Interactive

 B :编码沟通 Encoded

 C : 拉式沟通 Pull

 D :推式沟通 Push

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P374 章节:10.1.2.5 沟通方法: · 互动沟通。在两方或多方之间进行的实时多向信息交换。它使用诸如会议、电话、即时信息、社交媒体和视频会议等沟通工件。 · 推式沟通。向需要接收信息的特定接收方发送或发布信息。在推式沟通中,可以采用的沟通工件包括信件、备忘录、报告、电子邮件、传真、语音邮件、博客、新闻稿。 · 拉式沟通。适用于大量复杂信息或大量信息受众的情况。它要求接收方在遵守有关安全规定的前提之下自行访问相关内容。这种方法包括门户网站、企业内网、电子在线课程、经验教训数据库或知识库。 从网站获取信息属于拉式沟通。

101、 在制定相关方参与计划的过程中,项目经理意识到关键相关方对项目有抵触情绪。若没有这个相关方的支持,项目可能会失败。对于项目经理来说,识别相关方抵制的原因的最佳行动方案是什么?
During the development of the stakeholder engagement plan, the project manager realizes that a key stakeholder is resistant to the project. Without the support of this stakeholder, the project may fail. What is the best course of action for the project manager to identify the reason for the stakeholder being resistant?

 A :升级上报给项目发起人 Escalate to the project sponsor

 B :更新相关方登记册 Update the stakeholder register

 C :使用思维导图技术 Use the mind mapping technique

 D : 利用石川图 Utilize an Ishikawa diagram

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P293 章节:8.2.2.4 因果图:因果图,又称“鱼骨图”、“why-why分析图”和“石川图”,将问题陈述的原因分解为离散的分支,有助于识别问题的主要原因或根本原因。 寻找根本原因的,就选因果图,石川图,鱼骨图。

102、 在项目启动大会之后,分配给项目团队的一位技术专家对被选中参与项目工作态度很消极,为避免对其他项目成员造成负面影响,项目经理应该怎么做?
After the kick-off meeting conference, a technical expert assigned to the project team was very negative about being selected to participate in the project. To avoid negative impact on other project members, what should the project manager do?

 A :请求人力资源部门替换这位技术专家 Request the human resources department to replace this technical expert

 B : 尝试去理解这位技术专家的态度,并基于收集到的信息再采取进一步行动 Try to understand the attitude of this technical expert and take further action based on the information collected

 C :给该技术专家发出书面警告他言行的不当,以避免对其他成员造成负面影响 Give the technical expert a written warning of his improper words and actions to avoid negative impact on other members

 D :给该技术专家分配一项可以避免跟其他人有互动的任务 Assign this technical expert a task that can avoid interaction with other members

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P349 章节:9.5.2.1 情商:情商指识别、评估和管理个人情绪、他人情绪及团体情绪的能力。项目管理团队能用情商来了解、评估及控制项目团队成员的情绪,预测团队成员的行为,确认团队成员的关注点及跟踪团队成员的问题,来达到减轻压力、加强合作的目的。 先尝试理解专家的真实想法。

103、 在项目规划阶段,项目经理认识到与其中一名项目相关方在项目可交付成果方面的理解存在差异,从而造成与该项目相关方的关系紧张。要解决这个问题,项目经理应该怎么做?
During the planning phase of a project, the project manager realized that there are differences on the understanding of the project deliverables with a project stakeholder, which results in a strained relationship with that stakeholder. What should the project manager do to address this issue?

 A :忽视该项目相关方 Ignore the stakeholder

 B : 安排一次与该项目相关方的会议,了解造成理解差异的原因,并予以解决 Arrange a session with the stakeholder to understand the reasons behind the differences and address them

 C :将该问题报给项目发起人,让他们为项目经理解决这个问题 Escalate it to the sponsor so that they can sort it out for the project manager

 D :让其他团队成员说服项目的相关方妥协 Ask the other team members to convince the stakeholder to back down

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P524 章节:13.3 在管理相关方参与过程中,需要开展多项活动,例如: · 在适当的项目阶段引导相关方参与,以便获取、确认或维持他们对项目成功的持续承诺; · 通过谈判沟通管理相关方期望; · 处理与相关方管理有关的任何风险或潜在关注点,预测相关方可能在未来引发的问题; · 澄清和解决已识别的问题 管理相关方参与要积极主动、当面解决问题。不回避,不随便找发起人

104、 一个开发团队正在为他们的敏捷项目进行计划中的一次冲刺。一位相关方找到scrum master,想知道为什么在上一次冲刺中删除某一功能、在下次冲刺中交付什么功能计划、以及钱是如何花在项目上的。在这种情况下,scrum master最好采取什么行动方案?
A development team is working through one of the sprints planned for their agile project. A stakeholder approaches the scrum master wondering why a certain feature was removed from the last sprint, what features are planned to be delivered in the next sprint, and how the money is being spent on the project. What is the best course of action for the scrum master to take in this situation?

 A :建议相关方查阅项目燃尽图 Advise the stakeholder to consult the project burndown charts

 B :将相关方推荐给团队成员以获取信息 Refer the stakeholder to the team members to get the information

 C : 建议相关方与产品负责人交谈 Recommend that the stakeholder talk to the product owner

 D :在每日站会上提供所要求的信息 Provide the requested information at the daily standup meeting

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:41 章节:4.3.2 产品负责人Product Owner: · 创建待办列表并排序 · 确认工作优先顺序 · 提供反馈 · 指导开发方向 所有的待办列表优先级的划分,都由PO来决定。

105、 一些相关方对项目的进度感到不满。他们声称有关项目状态的信息总是很晚,而有关状态的会议却无济于事。项目经理应更新哪些计划来解决这种情况?(选择两项)
A few stakeholders are unhappy about the progress of the project. They claim information about the project status is always late and the meeting about the status are unproductive. What plans should the project manager update to fix this situation? (Choose 2)

 A : 沟通管理计划 Communication management plan

 B :范围管理计划 Scope management plan

 C : 相关方参与计划 Stakeholder engagement plan

 D :风险管理 RISK management

 E :问题管理计划 Issue management plan

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正确答案:A,C 你的答案:A,C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通 遇抵制,找计划

106、 项目发起人希望减少质量保证时间来缩短进度,项目经理应该怎么做?
The project sponsor wants to reduce the quality assurance time to shorten the schedule. What should the project manager do?

 A :减少质量保证时间 Reduce quality assurance time

 B : 执行质量成本(CoQ)分析 Execute Cost of Quality (CoQ) analysis

 C :告诉发起人项目管理计划中关于质量保证(QA)的部分 Tell the sponsor about the quality assurance (QA) part in the project management plan

 D :与质量保证团队一起进行时间估算 Estimate time with the quality assurance team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 质量成本: · 预防成本。预防特定项目的产品、可交付成果或服务质量低劣所带来的相关成本。 · 评估成本。评估、测量、审计和测试特定项目的产品、可交付成果或服务所带来的相关成本。 · 失败成本(内部/外部)。因产品、可交付成果或服务与相关方需求或期望不一致而导致的相关成本。 减少质量保证时间,需要进行质量成本分析。

107、 在准备演示项目管理计划时,一些部门经理对该计划的方向和范围表示不确定,项目经理应该怎么做?
While preparing the demonstration project management plan, some department managers expressed uncertainty about the direction and scope of the plan. What should the project manager do?

 A :变更项目风险登记册并确保项目按计划进行 Change the project risk register and ensure that the project is carried out according to plan

 B : 执行相关方分析以获得对该计划的共识 Conduct stakeholder analysis to gain consensus on the plan

 C :寻求项目发起人对批准项目计划的支持 Seek support from project sponsor for approval of project plan

 D :提出变更请求,更新项目范围,以满足相关方的期望 Make a change request and update the project scope to meet stakeholders 'expectations

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.3 相关方分析:相关方分析会产生相关方清单和关于相关方的各种信息,例如,在组织内的位置、在项目中的角色、与项目的利害关系、期望、态度(对项目的支持程度),以及对项目信息的兴趣。 职能经理是典型的相关方,要获取他们的支持。

108、 在项目执行过程中,你被任命为项目经理。项目各项指标都在基线的允许范围内,如果客户对项目绩效不满意,你首先应该做什么?
You are assigned project manager in executing project; the project is in control on baseline, if customers are not satisfied with the performance, then what you should do firstly?

 A :与项目团队一起讨论 Discussing with project team

 B :重新计算基线 Baseline revised

 C :重新商谈合同 Contract Renegotiation

 D : 与客户见面 Meeting with customers

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P534 章节:13.4.2.5 通过积极倾听,减少理解错误和沟通错误。 执行中被任命,绩效正常但是相关方不满意,说明相关方需求可能有差异,最有效的是当面了解需求。

110、 你正负责为世界银行的一个大项目准备成本估计。因为你的估计需要尽可能的准确,所以你决定准备一个自下而上的估计。你的第一步是:
You are responsible for preparing a cost estimate for a large World Bank project. You decide to prepare a bottom-up estimate because your estimate needs to be as accurate as possible. Your first step is to

 A :确定在进程中需要的计算工具 Locate a computerized tool to assist in the process

 B :利用前面的项目成本估计来帮助准备这个成本估计 Use the cost estimate from a previous project to help you prepare this estimate

 C : 确定并且估计每一个工作包的成本 Identify and estimate the cost for each individual work item

 D :向这个方面的专家咨询,并且将他们的建议作为你的估计的基础 Consult with subject matter experts and use their suggestions as the basis for your estimate

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P244 章节:7.2.2.4 自下而上估算:自下而上估算是对工作组成部分进行估算的一种方法。首先对单个工作包或活动的成本进行最具体、细致的估算,然后把这些细节性成本向上汇总或“滚动”到更高层次,用于后续报告和跟踪。自下而上估算的准确性及其本身所需的成本,通常取决于单个活动或工作包的规模或其他属性。

112、 在迭代的中途,敏捷团队遇到了一个小的技术问题。其中一位团队成员回忆说,敏捷教练从她过去作为高级开发人员的经验来看,是这个领域的专家。团队要求教练帮助解决这个问题。敏捷教练首先应该做什么?
Midway into an iteration, an agile team faces a minor technical issue. One of the team members recalls that the agile coach is an expert in the field from her past experience as a senior developer. The team requests that the coach help resolve the issue. What should the agile coach do first?

 A : 让团队解决问题 Let the team resolve the issue

 B :帮助团队解决问题 Help the team resolve the issue

 C :为团队解决问题 Resolve the issue for the team

 D :咨询产品负责人 Consult with the product owner

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用:促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解,并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 问题比较小,让团队自己解决,可以促进他们的技术能力和协作能力。

113、 在项目执行过程中,一位相关方要求一名团队成员执行与项目无关的紧急任务,团队成员执行了该请求,导致其项目相关活动延后,项目经理在一次状态报告会上得知这一情况,项目经理应该怎么做?
In the execution of the project, a stakeholder required a team member to perform emergency tasks that were unrelated to the project. The team member executed the request, resulting in delays in project-related activities. The project manager learned this at a status report meeting. What should the project manager do?

 A :要求该团队成员加班去弥补损失的时间 Ask the team member to work overtime to make up for the loss

 B :通知相关方预期交付期限无法满足 Notify the stakeholder that the expected delivery deadline cannot be met

 C :强调遵循沟通管理计划的重要性 Emphasize the importance of following the communication management plan

 D : 建议重新规划项目活动 Recommend to re-plan project activities

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P229 章节:6.6.3.3 变更请求:通过分析进度偏差,审查进展报告、绩效测量结果和项目范围或进度调整情况,可能会对进度基准、范围基准和/或项目管理计划的其他组成部分提出变更请求。应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见 4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。预防措施可包括推荐的变更,以消除或降低不利进度偏差的发生概率。 进度已经延迟,需要提出变更请求,重新规划活动

114、 已经批准了项目章程,并且项目经理已经完成了识别相关方过程。在项目计划开始之前,项目经理应该做什么?
A project charter has been approved, and the project manager has just completed the Identify Stakeholders process. Before project planning begins, what should the project manager do?

 A :进行相关方分析 Conduct stakeholder analysis

 B :召开项目启动会议 Hold a project kick-off meeting

 C : 向主要相关方通知已批准项目章程 Inform the key stakeholders of the approved project charter

 D :执行规划相关方参与过程 Perform the Plan Stakeholder Engagement process

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P80 章节:4.1.2.4 会议:在本过程中,与关键相关方举行会议的目的是识别项目目标、成功标准、主要可交付成果、高层级需求、总体里程碑和其他概述信息。 排除法:A、相关分析已经完成 B、在规划后开工会议 D、规划的第一步不是这个过程

115、 一家公司的仓储设施受到风暴影响,这对项目的完成日期和里程碑产生不利影响。项目经理应查阅哪一份文件来找到将解决这种情况的人员角色和职责?
A company’s storage facilities are affected by storms. This negatively impacts the project’s completion date and milestones. What document should the project manager consult to find the roles and responsibilities of those people who will resolve the situation?

 A :相关方管理计划 Stakeholder management plan

 B : 风险管理计划 Risk management plan

 C :资源管理计划 Resource management plan

 D :沟通管理计划 Communication management plan

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P405 章节:11.1.3.1 角色与职责:确定每项风险管理活动的领导者、支持者和团队成员,并明确他们的职责。

116、 在项目规划阶段,质量保证经理建议实现三重测试环境以确保产品质量,项目经理确定这会增加成本,而且开发和认证环境足以保证质量。项目经理应使用什么来影响质量保证经理?
In the project planning stage, the quality assurance manager recommends implementing a triple test environment to ensure product quality. The project manager identified that this would increase the costs and the development and certification environment was sufficient to ensure quality. What should the project manager use to influence the quality assurance manager?

 A :质量成本(COQ) Cost of Quality (COQ)

 B :实施设计(DOE) Design Of Experiments (DOE)

 C : 成本效益分析 Cost-benefit analysis

 D :质量标杆对照 Quality benchmarking

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 成本效益分析:成本效益分析可帮助项目经理确定规划的质量活动是否有效利用了成本。达到质量要求的主要效益包括减少返工、提高生产率、降低成本、提升相关方满意度及提升赢利能力。对每个质量活动进行成本效益分析,就是要比较其可能成本与预期效益。 项目经理通过成本效益分析告诉质量经理,这么做增加质量成本是否是划算的

117、 项目经理被任命管理一个为期多年的项目。在创建工作分解结构(WBS)过程中,项目团队无法分解将在项目后期发生的某些阶段。项目经理应该怎么做?
A project manager is assigned to a multiyear project. During creation of the work breakdown structure(WBS), the project team is unable to decompose some of the phases that will occur during later stages of the project. What should the project manager do?

 A : 适当的时候,开展滚动式规划。 Conduct rolling wave planning when appropriate

 B :回到需求收集阶段 Return to the requirements gathering stage

 C :为这些阶段预估WBS分解 Estimate WBS decomposition for those phases

 D :减少项目范围 Reduce the project scope

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P160 章节:5.4.2.2 滚动式规划:要在未来远期才完成的可交付成果或组件,当前可能无法分解。项目管理团队因而通常需要等待对该可交付成果或组成部分达成一致意见,才能够制定出 WBS 中的相应细节。这种技术有时称做滚动式规划。 滚动式规划符合项目渐进明细的特点。

118、 一家公司正在努力定义新项目的范围,该项目有多个阶段,阶段之间有高度的依赖关系。项目经理应该如何应对这个挑战?
A company is struggling to define the scope of a new project that has multiple phases with a high level of dependency between the phases. How should the project manager approach this challenge?

 A :与专门帮助企业定义大型项目的工作范围的第三方公司签订合同。 Contract with a third-party company that specializes in helping businesses define scope of work on large projects.

 B : 与项目相关方合作,以推荐将有助于定义项目的范围的迭代方法。 Work with project stakeholders to recommend an iterative approach that will then help to define the project's scope.

 C :制定在进度计划中提供额外的时间的项目管理计划,然后试图修改工作范围。 Construct a project management plan that provides extra time within the schedule, then seek to revise the scope of work.

 D :暂停项目的最终交付日期,以便在明确工作范围后有时间修改时间表。 Suspend final delivery dates for the project in order to have time to revise the schedule once there is clarity on the scope of work.

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P153 章节:5.3.2 工具与技术: 专家判断 决策技术 引导 A,成本太高,建议先B再考虑A。CD过于消极。

119、 项目经理注意到,尽管项目管理计划有关于如何与供应商共享项目信息的具体指示,但有些供应商并没有收到项目沟通。造成这个问题的最可能的原因是什么?
It comes to the attention of the project manager that some of the vendors do not receive project communications, although the project management plan has specific instructions as to how project information should be shared with vendors. What might be the most likely reason that has caused this issue?

 A :忽略将供应商包括在项目沟通登记册中 Neglecting to include vendors in the project communications register

 B :没有问题;供应商不应接收项目沟通 There is no issue; vendors are not supposed to receive project communications

 C :忘记执行制定项目管理计划过程 Forgetting to perform the Develop Project Management Plan process

 D : 未能在识别相关方过程中审查协议 Failing to review the agreements as part of the Identify Stakeholders process

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P510 章节:13.1.1.5 协议:协议的各方都是项目相关方,还可涉及其他相关方。 A错误在于没有“沟通登记册”这个概念。

120、 相关方称一个可交付成果中遗漏一项功能,之前的任何讨论中都没有提及该项功能,也不在验收标准中,然而相关方却坚称这项功能是必须的,可以充分利用该可交付成果。项目经理应该怎么做?
Stakeholders claimed that a function was missed in the deliverables, but this function was not mentioned in any of the previous discussions or was not in the acceptance criteria. However, stakeholders insisted that this function was necessary and the deliverables could be fully utilized. What should the project manager do?

 A :实施该可交付成果并为遗漏的功能提交变更请求 Implement the deliverables and submit a change request for the missing function

 B :实施该可交付成果并开始遗漏功能的工作 Implement the deliverables and begin to work on the missing function

 C : 推迟实施该可交付成果并为遗漏的功能提交变更请求 Postpone the implementation of the deliverables and submit a change request for the missing function

 D :推迟实施该可交付成果并开始遗漏功能的工作 Postpone the implementation of the deliverables and begin to work on the missing function

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求 对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 客户不验收,只能推迟实施,再提交变更

121、 一位项目经理了解到,新法规刚刚通过,使得监管标准更加严格。项目经理需要更好地理解新法律,以及它将如何影响已经在执行中的项目。在这种情况下,项目经理应该使用什么工具或技术?
A project manager has learned that new legislation has just been passed, which makes the regulatory standards even more stringent. The project manager needs to gain a better understanding of the new law and how it will affect the project which is already in execution. What tool or technique should the project manager use in this situation?

 A :分解 Decomposition

 B :决策技术 Decision-making techniques

 C : 专家判断 Expert judgment

 D :风险登记册 Risk register

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P94 章节:4.3.2.1 专家判断:关于项目所在的行业以及项目关注的领域的技术知识; · 成本和预算管理; · 法规与采购; · 法律法规; · 组织治理。 要想更好的理解法规,需要找法律专家。

122、 在项目执行的中途,一个关键的相关方离开了公司。一个新的相关方填补了空缺的角色。项目经理理解应该更新相关方参与计划,以反映新相关方参与项目所需的战略和行动。项目经理与新的相关方进行会面。以下哪个问题对项目经理更新计划最有帮助?(选择四个)
Midway into project execution, a key stakeholder leaves the company. A new stakeholder fills in the vacant role. The project manager understands that the stakeholder engagement plan should be updated to reflect the strategies and actions required to involve the new stakeholder in the project. The project manager meets with the new stakeholder for an interview. Which of the following questions would be the most helpful for the project manager in updating the plan? (Choose four)

 A :你以前管理过项目吗? Have you ever managed a project before?

 B : 为了获得预期的收益,你愿意承担多大的风险? How much risk are you willing to take for an anticipated benefit?

 C :你在以前的公司担任什么职务? What position did you hold in your previous company?

 D : 你的沟通偏好是什么? What are your communication preferences?

 E : 从以前的项目中,你有什么经验可以分享吗? Do you have any lessons learned to share from your previous projects?

 F : 你认为进行这个项目是正确的吗? Do you think it was the right thing to undertake the project?

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正确答案:B,D,E,F 你的答案:B,D,E,F

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P518 章节:13.2.1 规划相关方参与 B,《风险管理计划》 风险临界值与风险态度 D,《沟通管理计划》相关方的沟通偏好 E,《组织过程资产》经验教训 F,《相关方登记册》相关方的态度 AC,公司之前的职务与项目管理经验与相关方规划无关。

124、 一客户给你一复杂项目的采购工作说明书,该项目为期 8 个月,未知的东西不多。客户只要你将它完成,并只希望在 8 月末你交付完成项目的时候见你。在这种情况下,下列哪种做法最好?
A customer has given you a contract statement of work for a complex, eight month project that has a few unknowns. The customer has asked you to just get it done and onlywants to see you at the end of eight months when you deliver the finished project. Under these circumstances, which of the following is the BEST thing to do?

 A : 按要求完成项目,但是一直与客户时不时地确认其范围 Complete the project as requested, but validate its scope with the customer occasionally throughout.

 B :在 8 个月内完成项目,期间不联系客户 Complete the project within eight months without contacting the customer during this time.

 C :让管理层时不时地和客户联系 Ask management to check in with the customer occasionally.

 D :完成项目,但是记录下客户不想联系 Complete the project, but document that the customer did not want contact. Procurement Management Answers

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P164 章节:5.5 确认范围:由客户或发起人审查从控制质量过程输出的核实的可交付成果,确认这些可交付成果已经圆满完成并通过正式验收。本过程对可交付成果的确认和最终验收,需要依据:从项目范围管理知识领域的各规划过程获得的输出(如需求文件或范围基准),以及从其他知识领域的各执行过程获得的工作绩效数据。 确认范围是对可交付成果的实质性验收,此过程非常重要且不能省略。

125、 如果任务B有12天的自由时差,而且有24天的总时差。假设其最早开始日期被推迟26天,那么项目的完工日期将会受到什么影响?
If the Free Float of task B. is 12 days and the Total Float is 24days.Suppose that the very beginning date is postponed for 26 days, what effects would be made for the program's completed date?

 A :该任务将不再位于关键路径上 this task would not be located superior to the critical path

 B :紧后活动的开始日期将被延后14天 the beginning date of the immediately following schedule activities would be postponed 14 days

 C : 项目的完工日期将会延后2天 the completed date of the program would be postponed 2 days

 D :B和C B&C

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P210 章节:6.5.2.2 关键路径法:关键路径法用于在进度模型中估算项目最短工期,确定逻辑网络路径的进度灵活性大小。 题目问题是对完工日期的影响。且B的话,应该是紧后活动的最早开始日期。

126、 你领导的项目应该升级你们公司在台式电脑和移动设备上开发的应用程序。上周,一家主要电子产品供应商出人意料地发布了一款新的移动设备。你意识到,只需稍加修改,你的应用程序就可以在新设备上运行得更快、更安全。对于这个机会,你接下来应该做什么?
The project you are leading is supposed to upgrade the application developed by your company on desktop computers and mobile devices. Last week, a major supplier of electronics unexpectedly released a new mobile device. You realize that your application, with a little bit of modification, can run much faster and more securely on the new device. What should you do next in regards to this opportunity?

 A :创建成本预测并将其传达给相关方 Create a cost forecast and communicate it to stakeholders

 B : 提交变更请求以修改应用程序 Submit a change request to modify the application

 C :考虑到意外工作,更新项目资金要求 Update project funding requirements in consideration for the unexpected work

 D :对适当的储备金金额进行偏差分析 Conduct variance analysis for an appropriate reserve amount

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P444 章节:11.5.2.5 开拓:如果组织想确保把握住高优先级的机会,就可以选择开拓策略。此策略将特定机会的出现概率提高到100%,确保其肯定出现,从而获得与其相关的收益。 发现了一个机会,通过变更开拓这个机会。

127、 应急储备应:
The cost reserve should be:

 A :隐蔽,以防止管理层不批准该项资金 Hidden to prevent management from disallowing the reserve

 B :加到每项任务上,以防止客户知道该储备金的存在 Added to each task to preserve the customer from knowing that a reserve exists

 C :由管理层掌握,用来填补成本超支 Maintained by management to cover cost overruns

 D : 加到项目的基本成本上,用来解决风险问题 Added to the base costs of the project to account for risks

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P246 章节:7.2.3.1 应急储备:成本估算包括对完成项目工作可能需要的成本、应对已识别风险的应急储备,以及应对计划外工作的管理储备的量化估算。 应急储备用于已知风险,管理储备用于未知风险。

128、 你正在为一个软件开发项目起草一个相关方参与计划。该产品将使用Scrum框架构建。你希望确保分析和分类相关方对产品开发的影响程度。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
You are drafting a stakeholder engagement plan for a software development project. The product will be built using a scrum framework. You want to ensure that the stakeholders' level of influence on product development is analyzed and categorized. What is your best course of action?

 A :提交变更请求以更新相关方登记册 Submit a change request to update the stakeholder register

 B :等待,直到相关方参加第一次冲刺审查 Wait until the stakeholders attend the first sprint review

 C : 建议产品负责人使用权力/影响方格 Suggest that the product owner use a power/influence grid

 D :使用分层图表自己执行分析 Conduct the analysis yourself using hierarchical charts

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权力影响方格:基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对相关方进行分类。 与权力/利益方格类似,权力影响也是分成四个区间。

129、 一位scrum master正在领导一个敏捷项目,在该项目中,开发团队在过去的三次迭代中都未能实现冲刺的目标。在冲刺回顾中,团队决定实现几个变更来提高速度。scrum master如何验证绩效改进?
A scrum master is leading an agile project in which the development team has failed to achieve the sprint goal for the past three iterations. During the sprint retrospective, the team decides to implement several changes to improve velocity. How might the scrum master verify any performance improvement?

 A :计算项目CPI Calculate the project's CPI

 B :创建燃尽图 Create a burndown chart

 C : 审查燃起图 Review the burnup chart

 D :研究甘特图 Study the Gantt chart

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P50 章节:5.2.1 回顾总结会:回顾是最重要的一个实践,原因是它能让团队学习、改进和调整其过程。 通过审查之前的绩效来进行绩效改进。B错在应该审查而非创建

131、 在执行管道项目的过程中,管道施工承包商提出:使用某种更高级的材料,不改变项目工期和成本目标,在此项改变得到批准后,应该更新哪个文件?
During the pipeline project execution, the pipeline construction contractor proposes using certain higher-grade material without changing the project duration and cost target. After such change is approved, which document should be updated?

 A : 采购工作说明书 Purchasing specifications

 B :合同工作分解结构 Contract WBS

 C :质量管理计划 Quality management plan

 D :过程改进计划 Process improvement plan

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P499 章节:12.3.3.3 采购文档更新:采购文档更新可包括用于支持合同的全部进度计划、已提出但未批准的合同变更,以及已批准的变更请求。采购文档还包括由卖方编制的技术文件,以及其他工作绩效信息,例如,可交付成果的状况、卖方绩效报告和担保、财务文件(包括发票和支付记录),以及与合同相关的检查结果。 采购工作说明书中包含了质量要求和规格。后面做为采购文档需要更新。

132、 一项目经理刚刚为一 387,000 美元的工程项目编制完风险应对计划。他下一步很可能怎么做?
A project manager has just finished the risk response plan for a U.S. $387,000 engineering project. Which of the following should he probably do NEXT?

 A :确定项目总体的风险级别 Determine the overall risk rating of the project.

 B :开始分析项目图纸上出现的问题 Begin to analyze the risks that show up in the project drawings.

 C : 在项目的工作分解结构中增加工作包 Add work packages to the project work breakdown structure.

 D :重估项目风险 Hold a project risk reassessment.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P447 章节:11.5.3.2 项目管理计划更新:范围基准。见5.4.3.1节。如果商定的风险应对策略导致了范围变更,且这种变更已经获得批准,那么就要对范围基准做出相应的变更。 所采用的应对措施要更新到范围基准里面去。

133、 一个合并跨国公司计费系统项目即将开始,项目经理识别到有三位经理对这项变化感到不舒服,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The billing system project of a consolidated multinational corporation will soon begin. The project manager identified that three managers were uncomfortable with this change. What should the project manager do next?

 A :将他们关注的问题升级上报给项目发起人 Report their concerns to the project sponsor

 B :定期开始项目变更请求以满足他们的期望 Start project change requests regularly to meet their expectations

 C :运用人际关系技能,管理他们关注的问题 Use interpersonal skills to manage their concerns

 D : 通过管理相关方的需求来监督相关方参与 Control the stakeholder's engagement by managing stakeholder's requirements

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P530 章节:13.4 监督相关方参与:监督项目相关方关系,并通过修订参与策略和计划来引导相关方合理参与项目的过程。 识别出来相关方不舒服,有可能会抵制项目。

134、 在项目即将进入收尾阶段时,项目经理发现了一项原来没有考虑到的新风险。该风险一旦发生,可能给最终的可交付成果带来重要影响,甚至可能使其不能被客户接受。项目经理应该怎么做?
When the project is about to close, the project manager has identified a new risk that was not considered previously. Should this risk occur, it may cause a significant impact on the final deliverables, and may even make it unacceptable to the client. Then, what should the project manager do?

 A :把该风险的影响通知管理层和客户 To inform the management and client of the impact of such risk

 B : 进行定性风险分析 To perform qualitative risk analysis

 C :制定风险缓解措施 To work out risk mitigation action

 D :增加应急储备 To increase emergency reserves

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P419 章节:11.3 风险流程:实施定性风险分析是通过评估单个项目风险发生的概率和影响以及其他特征,对风险进行优先级排序,从而为后续分析或行动提供基础的过程。 识别完风险后要定性分析。

136、 客户识别到一个新实践产品的性能问题,项目经理应使用哪一个质量成本(COQ)类别来估算这项成本?
The customer identified a performance issue for a new practice product. Which COQ category should the project manager use to estimate this cost?

 A :预防成本 Preventive cost

 B : 外部失败成本 External failure cost

 C :评估成本 Assess cost

 D :内部失败成本 Internal failure cost

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P282 章节:8.1.2.3 质量成本: · 预防成本。预防特定项目的产品、可交付成果或服务质量低劣所带来的相关成本。 · 评估成本。评估、测量、审计和测试特定项目的产品、可交付成果或服务所带来的相关成本。 · 失败成本(内部/外部)。因产品、可交付成果或服务与相关方需求或期望不一致而导致的相关成本。 客户发现的,为外部失败成本。

137、 你是一位scrum master,领导着一个敏捷项目团队,一直在满足每次迭代设定的目标。产品负责人对团队的进展感到满意,并且绩效测量基准没有显示出任何偏差。然而,你会觉得团队中有一个成员的效率比其他成员低。在这种情况下,你最合适的反馈方法是什么?
You are a scrum master leading an agile project team that has been consistently meeting the goals set for each iteration. The product owner is pleased with the team's progress, and the performance measurement baseline shows no deviations. However, you feel that one team member is less productive than the others. What is the most appropriate feedback approach for you to take in this situation?

 A : 允许项目团队成员在认为有必要时解决问题 Allow the project team members to address the issue if they deem necessary

 B :指导表现不佳的团队成员多工作一小时,以缩小差距 Direct the underperforming team member to work extra hours to bridge the gap

 C :在即将到来的迭代回顾中找出团队成员的低生产率 Call out the team member's low productivity at the upcoming iteration retrospective

 D :从下次迭代起为团队成员分配最简单的用户故事 From the next iteration onward, assign the team member the easiest user stories

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P35 章节:4.2.1.1 仆人式领导的促进作用:促进者将帮助每个人各尽所能地思考和工作。促进者鼓励团队参与、理解,并对团队输出共同承担责任。促进者帮助团队创建可接受的解决方案。 让团队自己解决,可以促进他们的技术能力和协作能力。

138、 在项目实施期间发生组织重组,一名关键相关方被替换。新的相关方对项目成功存在很高的兴趣并拥有足够的影响力,对项目结果产生重大影响。在执行相关方分析之后,项目经理该如何处理该新项目相关方?
Organizational restructuring occurred during a project’s implementation and a key stakeholder was replaced. The new stakeholder has high interest in the project’s success and enough influence and can significantly impact its outcome. After performing a stakeholder analysis, how should the project manager handle this new stakeholder?

 A :监测相关方期望发生的任何变化。 Monitor any change in stakeholder in stakeholder expectation.

 B :保持向相关方通知项目进度/状态。 Keep the stakeholder informed of the project’s progress/status.

 C :确保相关方满意项目进度/状态。 Ensure stakeholder id satisfied with the project’s progress/status.

 D : 密切管理相关方的期望。 Manage the stakeholder’s expectation closely.

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权力利益方格:基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对相关方进行分类。 权力高、利益高,需要重点管理。

139、 当信息发送者和信息接收者怎样沟通时,沟通通常会得到提高。
Communications are often enhanced when the sender the receiver.

 A :信息发送者是信息接收者的下属 The message sender is a subordinate of the message receiver

 B :信息发送者使用更多肢体语言 uses more physical movements when talking to

 C :信息发送者慢慢的说话 talks slowly to

 D : 信息发送者对信息接收者表示关心 shows concern for the perspective of

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P372 章节:10.1.2.4 沟通模型: 作为沟通过程的一部分,发送方负责信息的传递,确保信息的清晰性和完整性,并确认信息已被正确理解; 接收方负责确保完整地接收信息,正确地理解信息,并需要告知已收到或作出适当的回应。 发送方要确保对方接收,且信息被正确理解。

140、 项目经理在产品开发的第三次迭代中意识到,用于项目管理计划的模板没有显示更新。项目经理应该采取什么行动?
A Project Manager realizes during the third iteration of product development that the template used for the project management plan is not showing updates. Which action should the project manager take?

 A :指派一名团队成员更新项目管理计划模板并记录任何风险 Assign one team member to update the project management plan template and document any risk

 B :根据即将到来的迭代的商业价值而对更新模板的需求进行排序 Rank the need to update the template according to the business value for the upcoming iterations

 C :避免通过独立修复问题而增加团队的分心 Avoid adding to team distraction by fixing the issue independently

 D : 将问题记录为新的项目风险并提出解决方案 Document the issue as a new project risk and propose a solution

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P458 章节:11.7.3.4 风险登记册:更新风险登记册,记录在监督风险过程中产生的关于单个项目风险的信息,可能包括添加新风险、更新已过时风险或已发生风险,以及更新风险应对措施,等等。 先记录下来,后续采取相关措施。 A:直接指派不合适 B:排序是PO的事情 C:问题要透明

141、 一个项目需要内部资源和外部资源。外部资源通过一份标准采购计划活动。在一场飓风袭击供应商所在地,他们无法满足可交付成果要求的时间期限。哪一个合同将澄清供应商未能满足该合同条款的财务解决方式?
A project requires internal and external resources. External resources are acquired by a standard procurement plan. After a hurricane strikes the contracted supplier’s place, they can no longer meet the required delivery timeline. Which clause will clarify the financial resolution for the supplier’s failure in the following contract terms?

 A : 不可抗力条款 force majeure clause

 B :激励条款 incentive clause

 C :补偿条款 reimbursement clause

 D :仲裁条款 arbitration clause

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P489 章节:12.2.3.2 协议:终止条款和替代争议解决方法。 不可抗力条款:人类难以防止发生的事情,如旱灾、水灾和地震等自然灾害。

142、 一家沉浸于传统瀑布式项目管理中的PMO聘请了你,作为敏捷实践者,来指导组织向敏捷的转变。在完成对组织文化的初步评估之后,你已经意识到许多相关方都抵制变更。你的最佳行动方案是什么?
A PMO steeped in traditional waterfall project management has hired you, as an agile practitioner, to guide the organization's transformation to agile. After completing an initial assessment of the organizational culture, you have realized that many of the stakeholders are resistant to the change. What is your best course of action?

 A :提供培训来确保员工更加专业化 Provide training to ensure the employees are more highly specialized

 B :同时将所有项目向敏捷过渡 Transition all projects to agile at the same time

 C : 寻求愿意支持这一事业的高层高管 Seek a high-level executive willing to champion the cause

 D :确保工作分解成孤岛 Ensure the work is decomposed into silos

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P73 章节:6.1.2 变革就绪情况: · 管理层的变革意愿; · 组织在员工认知、审核和评估方式上做出改变的意愿; · 集中或分散项目、项目集和项目组合管理职能; · 专注于短期预算和指标而不是长期目标;以及 · 人才管理成熟度和能力。 管理层的变更意愿,是组织是否变革就绪的重要前提。

143、 项目团队成员担心一项批准的变更请求会增加范围,延长时间线,但是却不增加预算。项目经理应该怎么做?
Project team members are concerned that an approved change request might expend the scope, delay the timeline, but does not include the additional budget. What should the project manager do?

 A : 寻求可选替代方案,在现有预算范围内管理工作 Look for alternatives to manage work within the existing budget

 B :要求管理层增加预算 Ask management for a budget increase

 C :激励团队面对挑战 Motivate the team to meet the challenge

 D :拒绝批准的变更请求 Reject the approved change request

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P93 章节:4.3.1.3 批准的变更请求:批准的变更请求可能是纠正措施、预防措施或缺陷补救,并由项目团队纳入项目进度计划付诸实施,可能对项目或项目管理计划的任一领域产生影响,还可能导致修改正式受控的项目管理计划组件或项目文件。 变更请求已经批准,项目团队要执行。

144、 项目经理接管一个执行阶段的项目,在对项目进度进行初步审查期间,项目经理注意到与特定关键路径活动有关的信息不完整,有些活动还存在风险。项目经理如何才能确定每项活动的责任?
A project manager takes over a project in the execution phase,During an initial review of the progress, the project manager notices that information relevant to specific critical path activities is incomplete, and some activities are at risk. How could the project manager identify accountability for each activity?

 A :工作分解结构 Work breakdown structure

 B : 责任分配矩阵 Responsibility assignment

 C :组织分解结构 Organizational breakdown structure

 D :风险登记册 Risk register

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P317 章节:9.1.2.2 责任分配矩阵:责任分配矩阵展示项目资源在各个工作包中的任务分配。矩阵图能反映与每个人相关的所有活动,以及与每项活动相关的所有人员,它也可确保任何一项任务都只有一个人负责,从而避免职权不清。如果团队是由内部和外部人员组成,RACI 矩阵对明确划分角色和职责特别有用。 角色(人)跟职责(活)之间的关系,找责任分配矩阵。

145、 市场营销总监和项目经理开会概括了今年的营销目标,以及为了实现这些目标需要完成的项目。这些要求项目经理确保项目按指示交付。为了获得批准,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The marketing director and project manager met to outline this year's marketing goals and the projects that needed to be completed to achieve these goals. These require the project manager to ensure the delivery of the project as directed. What should the project manager do next to obtain approval?

 A :将项目经理计划提交给发起人 Submit the project manager plan to the sponsor

 B : 参与制定项目章程 Participate in project charter development

 C :定义项目范围说明书 Define the project scope statement

 D :定义项目需求 Define project requirements

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P81 章节:4.1.3.1 项目章程:项目章程是由项目启动者或发起人发布的,正式批准项目成立,并授权项目经理使用组织资源开展项目活动的文件。它记录了关于项目和项目预期交付的产品、服务或成果的高层级信息。 先制定项目章程,再获得批准。

146、 项目群经理在实施项目审计时,发现问题日志中各项均为项目经理所有,该情况可否接受?
Project Manager in the implementation of the project audit, found that the problem log are all project managers, will it be acceptable?

 A :不可接受,项目经理不得作为问题及其解决方案的所有者 Unacceptable, the project manager must not be the owner of the problem and its solution

 B :可接受,根据要求,所有问题均有指定的所有者 Acceptable, as required, all problems are assigned to the owner

 C :可接受,项目经理必须是所有问题及其解决方案的所有者 Acceptable, the project manager must be the owner of all problems and their solutions

 D : 不可接受,项目团队必须是所有问题及其解决方案的负责人的所有者 Unacceptable, the project team must be the owner of all issues and their solutions

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P347 章节:9.5.1.2 问题日志:在管理项目团队过程中,总会出现各种问题。此时,可用问题日志记录由谁负责在目标日期内解决特定问题,并监督解决情况。 项目团队共同解决问题。

147、 项目 A 已经交付给客户 A ,而且开始开展收尾活动. 项目团队将会转到客户B的项目上工作. 销售经理要求项目经理提供项目A的售后支持. 项目经理应执行下列哪一项?
Project A is delivered to customer A and the closure activities are carried out. The project team will be transferred to work on project B for customer B. The sales manager requests the project manager provide post-sales support for project A. Which of the following should the project manager do?

 A :将项目团队转移到项目B上,开始新的启动活动 Move the project team to project B and start new initiation activities

 B :建议销售经理获得新的资源 Suggest the sales manager obtain new resources

 C : 确保项目A的特定知识已获收集,并移交组织 ensure project A’s specific knowledge is captured and transferred to the organization

 D :拒绝销售经理的请求,并查阅合同 Deny the sales manager’s request and refer to the contract

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.2 最终产品、服务或成果移交: 项目交付的产品、服务或成果可转交给另一团队或组织,并由其在整个生命周期中进行运营、维护和支持。 本输出所指的正是把项目交付的最终产品、服务或成果(对于阶段收尾,则是所在阶段的中间产品、服务或成果)从一个团队转交到另一个团队。 收尾并移交项目后才能进行下一个项目。

148、 相关方感觉他们收到的信息十分复杂,难以理解,因此,不能正确做出决定。若要解决这个问题,应该怎么做?
The stakeholders feel that information they receive is complex and difficult to understand. And because of this decisions cannot be properly made. What should be done be resolve this situation?

 A : 审查沟通需求 Review the communication requirements

 B :减少报告数量 Reduce the number of reports

 C :包含一个常用术语表 Include a glossary of common terminology

 D :添加解释性附件 Add an explanatory addendum.

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通

149、 当新进公司的发起人B替代A时,项目已接近完工,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
When the sponsor B of the new company replaces A, the project is almost complete. What should the project manager do first?

 A :与发起人B会面,确定是否需要任何项目变更 Meet with sponsor B to determine if any project changes are needed

 B :根据发起人A 的目标完成项目 Finish the project based on the sponsor A's goals

 C :开始变更控制 Begin change control procedures

 D : 更新相关方登记册 Update the stakeholder register

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性: · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员; · 组织内部或更大区域的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

150、 在一个项目的最终阶段,一名关键相关方识别到产品缺失关键功能,必须增加这些功能才能在市场上具有竞争力。项目经理应该怎么做?
During a project’s final stage, a key stakeholder identifies that the product is missing critical features that must be added to be marketplace competitive. What should the project manager do?

 A :修订范围管理计划。 Modify the scope management plan.

 B :更新质量核对表。 Update the quality checklists.

 C : 遵循变更管理计划。 Follow the change management plan.

 D :查看工作说明书(SOW)。 Review the statement of work (SOW).

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求:对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 验收过程出问题,一般都要提出变更解决。

151、 项目经理成功地将空调采购从 A 供应商转向 B 供应商。新产品检验完毕,并交付了所有项目可交付成果。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager successfully transitions the procurement of air conditioners from supplier A to supplier B, New product verification is complete, and all project deliverables are met.What is next step for the project manager?

 A : 将所有权移交采购部,以便再次订购 Transfer ownership to the purchasing department to place future orders

 B :向供应商 B 授予成本加激励费用采购合同 Award a cost-plus-incentive-fee procurement contract to supplier B

 C :作出自制或外购决定 Conduct a make-versus-buy decision

 D :审查采购工作说明书 Review the procurement statement of work

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P127 章节:4.7.3.2 产品、服务或成果移交: 项目交付的产品、服务或成果可转交给另一团队或组织,并由其在整个生命周期中进行运营、维护和支持。 本输出所指的正是把项目交付的最终产品、服务或成果(对于阶段收尾,则是所在阶段的中间产品、服务或成果)从一个团队转交到另一个团队。 收尾并移交项目后才能进行下一个项目。

152、 一个运营团队认为他们的技能在项目上是不必要的,团队士气低落,且团队成员试图阻止项目目标。项目经理应该怎么做?
An operating team believes that their skills are unnecessary on the project, the team morale is low, and team members try to stop the project objectives. What should the project manager do?

 A :建议公司改变策略,并立即停止项目 Recommend the company to change its strategy and stop the project immediately

 B :要求工会的支持来激励团队 Request the support of the labor union to motivate the team

 C : 根据项目成果的要求对运营团队进行培训 Train the operation team according to the requirements of project results

 D :更换不满的团队成员 Replace dissatisfied team members

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P342 章节:9.4.2.6 培训:如果项目团队成员缺乏必要的管理或技术技能,可以把对这种技能的培养作为项目工作的一部分。 看到技能两个字,优先考虑培训。

153、 受P&T建筑公司雇用,一位造价工程师为该公司在中国的首个油田的管道建设项目估算成本,但没有得到任何详细工程数据。这位工程师应采用哪种费用估算方法为P&T建筑公司提供初步成本预算?
A cost engineer was engaged by P&T Construction PLC to provide a cost estimate for the first oil field piping project in China without any detail engineering data. What type of cost estimate approach should the engineer use to provide an initial cost estimate to P&T Construction?

 A :近似估算 Approximate estimate

 B : 量级估算 Order of magnitude estimate

 C :限定性估算 Definitive estimate

 D :可行性估算 Feasibility estimate

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P240 章节:7.2 粗略量级估算:在启动阶段可得出项目的粗略量级估算(Rough Order of Magnitude ,ROM ),其区间为 −25% 到 +75% ;之后,随着信息越来越详细,确定性估算的区间可缩小至 −5% 到 +10%。

154、 一个项目延迟交付,且需要进行变更才能获得理想的可交付成果质量级别,项目经理提出一个正式的变更请求,并与所有相关方沟通变更,然后项目经理得知这种沟通方式未能满足相关方期望,项目经理应该怎么做?
A project has been delayed in delivery and needs to be changed to achieve the desired quality level of deliverables. The project manager made a formal change request and communicated the changes with all stakeholders. Then the project manager learned that this communication method failed to meet stakeholders' expectations. What should the project manager do?

 A : 审查沟通管理计划和相关方参与计划 Review communication management plan and stakeholder management plan

 B :签发变更要求,在项目管理计划中包含相关方的期望 Issue a change request and include stakeholders' expectations in the project management plan

 C :与项目发起人开会,以更好地了解相关方的期望 Meet with project sponsor to better understand stakeholders' expectations

 D :遵循沟通管理计划,并签发一份状态报告 Follow the communication management plan and issue a status report

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通, 以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通 遇抵制,找计划

155、 一个敏捷团队在最近的几次迭代中加班加点地工作。项目经理决定,从现在开始,团队应该保持每周40小时的工作时间。项目经理做出这个决定最可能的目的是什么?
An agile team has been working overtime for the last few iterations. The project manager has decided that from now on the team should maintain a 40-hour workweek. What is the most likely reason behind the project manager's decision?

 A :最大化未完成的工作量 To maximize the amount of work not done

 B :最小化在进行中的工作量 To minimize the amount of work in progress

 C :频繁交付工作软件 To deliver working software frequently

 D : 促进可持续发展 To promote sustainable development

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P9 章节:2.2 敏捷的12条原则之8:敏捷过程提倡可持续开发。发起人、开发人员和用户应该都能始终保持步调稳定。

156、 你已经加入了一个项目,在该项目中,需求在交付期间定期细化,并且交付被划分为整个产品的子集。变更是定期合并的,风险和成本是通过使用新信息逐步细化计划来控制的。主要相关方定期参与。在你的项目中使用了什么开发方法?
You have joined a project in which requirements are elaborated at periodic intervals during delivery, and the delivery is divided into subsets of the overall product. Change is incorporated at periodic intervals, and risk and cost are controlled by progressively elaborating the plans with new information. Key stakeholders are regularly involved. What development approach is used on your project?

 A :敏捷 Agile

 B :预测 Predictive

 C : 混合 Hybrid

 D :周期 Periodic

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P26 章节:3.1.6 混合生命周期的特征:对于整个项目,没有必要使用单一的方法。为达到特定的目标,项目经常要结合不同的生命周期要素。预测、迭代、增量和/或敏捷方法的组合就是一种混合方法。 排除法: A,敏捷型需要频繁的交付与计划 B,预测是一次性交付,不会定期包含变更

157、 —家银行正在执行一个项目,在整个组织中部署新软件。在完成项目的第一阶段后,项目经理召集所有部门的职能经理召开会议,以审查项目问题并收集经验教训。项目经理应该在会议期间使用什么来检查项目问题并分析经验教训?
A bank is executing a project to deploy new software throughout the organization.After completing the first phase of the project,the project manager calls a meeting with functional managers from all departments to review project issue and capture lessons learned. What should the project manager use during the meeting to examine project issues and analyze lessons and learned?

 A :头脑风暴 Brainstorming

 B :因果分析 Cause-and-effect analysis

 C : 专家判断 Expert judgment

 D :散点图 Scatter diagrams

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P126 章节:4.7.2.1 专家判断: · 管理控制; · 审计; · 法规与采购; · 法律法规。 这题只有专家判断是收尾过程的工具。

158、 项目经理准备收尾一个项目的第四阶段,但是一位相关方拒绝向前推进项目,除非增加一个范围之外的功能,项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager is preparing to close the fourth phase of a project, but a stakeholder refused to move forward unless a function outside the scope was added. What should the project manager do next?

 A : 开始变更请求过程 Start the change request process

 B :增加该功能 Increase this function

 C :审查相关方登记册 Check the stakeholder register

 D :与项目相关方会面 Meet with the project stakeholder

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P166 章节:5.5.3.3 变更请求:对已经完成但未通过正式验收的可交付成果及其未通过验收的原因,应该记录在案。可能需要针对这些可交付成果提出变更请求,开展缺陷补救。 客户不验收,只能推迟实施,再提交变更。

159、 项目实施阶段,一位团队成员找到了项目经理,因为他不知道哪些工作需要他来完成。以下哪个文件对工作包做了详细描述?
During project executing, a team member comes to the project manager because he is not sure of what work he needs to accomplish on the project. Which of the following documents contain detailed descriptions of work packages?

 A : 工作分解结构词典 Work breakdown structure (WBS) dictionary

 B :活动清单 Activity list

 C :初步范围说明书 Preliminary project scope statement

 D :项目范围管理计划 Project scope management plan

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P162 章节:5.4.3.1 WBS词典:WBS词典是针对 WBS 中的每个组件,详细描述可交付成果、活动和进度信息的文件。WBS词典对WBS提供支持,其中大部分信息由其他过程创建,然后在后期添加到词典中。 WBS词典对WBS进行了详细描述。注意:验收标准与质量要求也可以加入词典中

160、 项目经理被要求为两个潜在项目执行成本效益分析。项目A成本为$12亿美元,潜在效益为$60亿美元,未来运营成本为$15亿美元;项目B成本为$14亿美元,潜在效益为$70亿美元,未来运营成本为$10亿美元。项目经理应该推荐哪一个项目?
A project manager is asked to perform a cost-benefit analysis for two potential Project A costs US$ 1.2billion. With potential benefits of US$ 6 billion and future US$ 1.5 billion. Project B costs US$ 1.4 billion, with potential benefits of US$ 7 billion and future US$ 1 billion. Which project should the project manager recommend?

 A :项目B;因为潜在效益减去执行成本所得的值大于项目A所得值。 Project B; the potential benefits minus the costs to implement are greater calculation for project A.

 B :项目A;因为执行成本低于项目B。 Project A; the cost to implement is less than project B.

 C : 项目B;因为潜在效益减去执行成本和未来运营成本所得的值大于项目A。 Project B; the potential benefits minus the implementation and future greater than the same calculation for project A.

 D :项目A;因为潜在效益加上未来运营成本所得的值小于项目B所得值。 Project A; the potential benefits plus the future operating costs are less than calculation for project B.

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P77 章节:4.1.1.1 一般情况下,商业论证会包含商业需求和成本效益分析,以论证项目的合理性并确定项目边界。 效益=收益-所有成本。 A=60-12-15=33 B=70-14-10=46

161、 项目经理收到一个请求,向额外的项目相关方发送状态报告。项目经理应该更新哪一份文件?
A project manager received a request to send the status report to the additional stakeholders. Which document should the project manager update?

 A :项目章程 Project charter

 B :变更日志 Change log

 C : 沟通管理计划 Communication management plan

 D :相关方参与计划 Stakeholder management plan

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划,结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求; 凡信息,找沟通

163、 项目经理注意到正在构建的系统存在多个质量问题,项目经理应该使用什么来跟踪这些问题的解决方案?
Where the project manager notices that there are a few of quality issues with the system under construction, what should the project manager use to track the solution to such issues?

 A :变更控制过程 Change the control process

 B :质量分析 Quality analysis

 C :风险审查 Risk review

 D : 问题日志 Issue log

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P347 章节:9.5.1.2 问题日志:在管理项目团队过程中,总会出现各种问题。此时,可用问题日志记录由谁负责在目标日期内解决特定问题,并监督解决情况。 问题日志,是用来跟进问题的解决进度的。

165、 项目经理正在向管理层汇报,确定出一个负的进度偏差和正的成本偏差。下列哪一项结论是合理的?
The project manager is briefing management on project status and identifies a negative schedule variance but a positive cost variance. Which of the following conclusion is reasonable?

 A : 项目落后于进度,但是可以通过增加资源赶上进度 The project is behind schedule but may be brought back on schedule by adding resource

 B :项目超前于进度,但是超出预算,需要进一步调查 The project is ahead of schedule but over budget and needs further investigation

 C :项目落后于进度,超出预算,并引发特别关注 The project is behind schedule, over budget and merits serious concern

 D :项目超前于进度,低于预算,进展无明显事件 The project is ahead of schedule, under budget and progressing with no obvious issues

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P228 章节:6.6.2.6 进度压缩:采用进度压缩技术(见 6.5.2.6 节)使进度落后的项目活动赶上计划,可以对剩余工作使用快速跟进或赶工方法。 SPI<1,CPI>1说明有可能该干的活没干,该花的钱没花,因此通过花钱赶进度。

166、 一名关键项目相关方不相信项目管理计划上提供的计算成本是正确的,并拒绝批准. 若要获得该关键相关方的支持,项目经理应该使用什么工具或技术?
A key stakeholder is not convinced that the calculated costs provided in the project management plan are accurate, and refuses to approve it. What tool or technique should the project manager use to gain the key stakeholders’ support?

 A : 专家判断 Expert judgment.

 B :组织过程资产 Organize process assets.

 C :企业环境因素 Enterprise environmental factors.

 D :整体变更控制过程 Integrated change control process.

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P252 章节:7.3.2.1 专家判断:见 4.1.2.1 节。应征求具备以下专业知识或接受过相关培训的个人或小组的意见 · 以往类似项目 · 来自行业、学科和应用领域的信息 · 财务原则 · 资金需求和来源 项目经理经常会依赖专家判断来有效开展工作。要获得成功,重要的是项目经理必须了解个人专长以及如何找到具备所需专业知识的人员

167、 一名新项目经理被任命管理一个目前落后于进度的项目,新项目经理应使用挣值技术来确定下列哪一项?
A new project manager is assigned to a project that is currently behind schedule. The new project manager should use the earned value methodology to identify which of the following?

 A :资源分解结构 Resource breakdown structure

 B :与进度延迟有关的风险 Risk associated with the schedule delay

 C :项目中的范围蔓延 Scope creep on the project

 D : 基准偏差 Variances against the baseline

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P263 章节:7.4.2.2 挣值分析:进度绩效指数(SPI)是测量进度效率的一种指标,表示为挣值与计划价值之比,反映了项目团队完成工作的效率。当 SPI 小于 1.0 时,说明已完成的工作量未达到计划要求;当 SPI 大于 1.0 时,则说明已完成的工作量超过计划。 SPI与CPI所比较的“1”就是基准。

168、 项目经理在项目中途发现,一个环境机构的新主任担心该项目可能会对环境造成严重影响,并且该主任正在影响项目发起人。项目经理下一步应该怎么做?
The project manager discovered in the middle of the project that a new director of an environmental agency was concerned that the project could have a serious environmental impact and the director was affecting the project sponsor. What should the project manager do next?

 A : 将该主任添加到相关方登记册中 Add the director to the stakeholder register

 B :要求项目发起人预告与该主任之间的互动 Request for interaction between the project sponsor and the director

 C :继续执行项目 Continue to implement the project

 D :停止工作,直到主任担心的问题解决 Stop working until the issue that the director is concerned about is solved

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P505 章节:13 识别相关方的迭代性: · 项目进入其生命周期的不同阶段; · 当前相关方不再与项目工作有关,或者在项目的相关方社区中出现了新的相关方成员; · 组织内部或更大区域的相关方社区发生重大变化。 出现以上三点情况时要重新识别相关方,并更新相关方登记册

169、 在项目中途,一名团队成员告知项目经理,鉴于项目范围的复杂性,估算的项目进度不充分,项目经理首先应该怎么做?
Halfway through the project, a team member told the project manager that, given the complexity of the project scope, the estimated project was not progressing sufficiently, what should the project manager do first?

 A :管理风险并实施风险响应活动 Managing risk and implementing risk response activities

 B :分析报告以确定最佳的行动措施 Analyze reports to identify best practices

 C :收集并记录经验教训 Collecting and documenting lessons learned

 D : 执行详细的分析,如需要的话可提交变更请求 Perform detailed analysis and submit change requests if needed

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P457 章节:11.7.3.2 变更请求:执行监督风险过程后,可能会就成本基准和进度基准,或项目管理计划的其他组件提出变更请求,应该通过实施整体变更控制过程(见4.6 节)对变更请求进行审查和处理。 由于复杂性导致属于风险评估不足。需要重新评估并发起变更。

170、 一名新的关键相关方担心项目经理没有进行项目进度的重要更新,为了预防这个问题,项目经理应该事先遵循什么?
A new key stakeholder was worried that the project manager failed to make important updates on the project progress. To prevent this problem, what should the project manager follow in advance?

 A :相关方沟通需求 Stakeholder requirement communication

 B : 沟通管理计划 Management plan communication

 C :工作绩效报告 Work performance report

 D :项目沟通 Project communication

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P377 章节:10.1.3.1 沟通管理计划:沟通管理计划是项目管理计划的组成部分,描述将如何规划、结构化、执行与监督项目沟通,以提高沟通的有效性。该计划包括如下信息: · 相关方的沟通需求 凡信息,找沟通。

172、 由于不确定的市场环境和即将到来的项目的复杂性,贵公司正在考虑从传统的项目管理方式向混合的项目管理方式过渡。公司要求你研究各种选择,以整合新的项目管理实践,帮助公司更接近目标。以下哪一项你最不可能推荐?
Due to an uncertain market environment and complexity of upcoming projects, your company is considering a transition from a traditional to hybrid project management approach. The company tasks you with researching various options for incorporating new project management practices that would help the company move closer to its goal. Which of the following would you least likely recommend?

 A :让业务分析人员参与需求管理 Involving business analysts in requirements management

 B : 在初始项目规划期间增加详细程度 Increasing the level of detail during initial project planning

 C :实施工具以识别复杂的项目要素 Implementing tools to identify complex project elements

 D :结合敏捷、增量和迭代实践 Incorporating agile, incremental, and iterative practices

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P26 章节:3.1.6 混合生命周期的特征:对于整个项目,没有必要使用单一的方法。为达到特定的目标,项目经常要结合不同的生命周期要素。预测、迭代、增量和/或敏捷方法的组合就是一种混合方法。 B是明显的预测型。

173、 一位敏捷教练加入了一个团队,这个团队在过去的几个月里一直致力于一个项目。教练注意到团队成员正在努力消除障碍,没有关于时间限制事件的规则,也没有使用信息发射源来显示项目状态。敏捷教练应该采取的最佳行动方案是什么?
An agile coach joined a team that has been working on a project for the last few months. The coach noticed that the team members were struggling to remove impediments, did not have a discipline around time-boxed events, and were not using information radiators to display the project status. What is the best course of action for the agile coach to take?

 A :帮助团队处理障碍,提醒时间限制的重要性,并强制团队使用信息发射源 Help the team deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and force the team to use information radiators

 B :告诉团队处理障碍,提醒时间限制的重要性,并建议团队使用信息发射源 Tell the team to deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and suggest the team to use information radiators

 C : 帮助团队处理障碍,提醒时间限制的重要性,并建议团队使用信息发射源 Help the team to deal with impediments, remind of the importance of time-boxing, and suggest the team to use information radiators

 D :什么都不做,因为问题很小,可以由团队处理,因为敏捷团队是自我管理和自我组织的 Do nothing, since the issues are minor and can be handled by the team because agile teams are self- managing and self-organizing

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38 章节:4.2.3 仆人式领导:在敏捷环境中,项目经理充当仆人式领导,其工作重点转变为引导需要帮助的人,促进团队的合作,保持与相关方的需要一致。 敏捷教练的重要角色,就是帮助团队清除障碍。另外,时间盒与信息发射源也是重要的敏捷工具。

174、 项目经理感觉到项目会议的成效很差,与会者都没做好准备,无法遵照会议议程。项目经理应该怎么做来改变项目团队的态度?
The project manager feels that the project meetings are creating poor results. The offenders are not prepared and the agenda is not being followed. What should the project manager do be change the attitude of the project team?

 A :首先开始改变个人行为,更好地为下一个会议做准备 Initiate changes in personal behavior first and prepare the next meetings better

 B : 填写一份关于会议文化和会议规矩的备忘录 White a memo about meeting culture and ground rules

 C :在下一次会议开始时讨论做好会议准备的重要性 Discuss the importance of good preparation at the beginning of the next meeting

 D :开展较少但更为重要的会议 Conduct fewer, but more substantial meetings

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P319 章节:9.1.3.2 团队章程:团队章程是为团队创建团队价值观、共识和工作指南的文件。团队章程可能包括(但不限于): · 团队价值观; · 沟通指南; · 决策标准和过程; · 冲突处理过程; · 会议指南; · 团队共识。 团队章程中有会议指南相关的内容。

176、 项目团队成员认为能够独立工作,并认为项目经理信任他们能在不严密管理团队的情况下完成任务。项目经理证明的是哪一种管理方式?
Project team members think they can do work independently and believe that the project manager trusts them to deliver their tasks without managing the team closely. Which management style does the project manager demonstrate?

 A :归属需求 Need for Affiliation

 B :X理论 Theory X

 C : Y理论 Theory Y

 D :权力需求 Need for Power

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正确答案:C 你的答案:C

解析:补充知识点 XY理论 X理论:人生来是自私、消极的,只能使用马斯洛低层次需求进行激励,适用于严格的管理; Y理论:人生来愿意工作并有所成就,能够自我激励,用马斯洛高层次需求进行激励,适用于支持性的工作氛围; X理论对人的看法是悲观的、消极的; Y理论对人的看法是乐观的、积极的; 题目中信任员工,独立工作,因此选择Y理论。

178、 对于一个政府项目,项目成果会对一群当地相关方造成负面影响。这群相关方对于项目有高影响和低利益。但是他们有权终止项目。项目经理应该使用什么方法?
For a government project, the project results will have a negative impact on a group of local stakeholders. These stakeholders have high impact and low benefits for the project. However, they have the right to terminate the project. What method should the project manager use?

 A :推式沟通 Push communication

 B :协作和合作 Collaboration and cooperation

 C :参与 Engagement

 D : 咨询 Consultation

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正确答案:D 你的答案:D

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P512 章节:13.1.2.4 权利利益方格:基于相关方的职权级别(权力)、对项目成果的关心程度(利益)、对项目成果的影响能力(影响),或改变项目计划或执行的能力,每一种方格都可用于对相关方进行分类。 权利高、利益低,通过不断地咨询,令其满意。

179、 在竞价和潜在卖方评估阶段,客户认为潜在卖方所建议的团队成员不符合合作性要求,并要求替换不合格人员。作为潜在卖方的项目经理,应该怎么做?
During the bidding and potential seller evaluation phase, if the customer believes that the team members proposed by the potential seller do not meet the cooperation requirements and request that the disqualified personnel should be replaced. What should the project manager of the potential seller do?

 A :接受客户的要求,把客户认为合格的人放入这个团队中 To accept the client's request and to assign the person as the customer considers qualified into the team

 B : 会见客户,就受质疑人员的能力进行磋商,以确定是否要替换他们 To meet with the client to negotiate on the capabilities of the persons in question to determine whether it is necessary to replace such persons

 C :不采取任何措施,因为选择谁在这个项目中工作是卖方的事,与其他人无关 To take no action, because whoever works in this project is the seller's business and has nothing to do with others

 D :你知道受质疑的人有能力承担这个工作,因此你依旧把他们放入团队中 You know that the persons in question are able to take this job, so you still put them in the team

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正确答案:B 你的答案:B

解析:知识点出处:PMBOK 6th 页码:P488 章节:12.2.2.5 谈判:谈判是为达成协议而进行的讨论。采购谈判是指在合同签署之前,对合同的结构、各方的权利和义务,以及其他条款加以澄清,以便双方达成共识。最终的文件措辞应该反映双方达成的全部一致意见。谈判以签署买方和卖方均可执行的合同文件或其他正式协议而结束。 通过谈判来确认满足需求的团队成员。

180、 一个敏捷团队成员在开发她为当前冲刺选择的用户故事时遇到了一个技术问题。在多次尝试解决这个问题失败后,团队成员向scrum master寻求建议。对于scrum master来说,最好的行动方案是什么?
An agile team member encounters a technical issue while developing one of the user stories she selected for the current sprint. After multiple unsuccessful attempts to resolve the issue, the team member approaches the scrum master for advice. What is the best course of action for the scrum master?

 A : 请求其他团队成员一起充实用户故事并解决问题 Request that the rest of the team members swarm on the user story

 B :将团队成员替换为另一名更有经验的团队成员 Replace the team member with another more experienced one

 C :要求撰写用户故事的产品负责人解决问题 Ask the product owner who wrote the user story to resolve the issue

 D :建议团队成员尝试其他替代解决方案 Recommend that the team member try other alternative solutions

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正确答案:A 你的答案:A

解析:知识点出处:敏捷实践指南 页码:P38章节:4.2.3仆人式领导:在敏捷环境中,项目经理充当仆人式领导,其工作重点转变为引导需要帮助的人,促进团队的合作,保持与相关方的需要一致。自组织团队,若遇到问题,原则上应该让团队自己处理问题。

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