cannot be cast to javax.Servlet 解决方法

出现的bug，在使用maven创建的web项目启动tomcat时，出现了

严重: Allocate exception for servlet LOGIN
java.lang.ClassCastException: class club.jming.servlet.HelloServlet cannot be cast to class javax.servlet.Servlet (club.jming.servlet.HelloServlet is in unnamed module of loader org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoader @37baddde; javax.servlet.Servlet is in unnamed module of loader org.codehaus.plexus.classworlds.realm.ClassRealm @4defd42)

错误排查

1. servlet没有继承HttpServlet
2. web.xml配置有误
3. tomcat的servlet-api.jar与maven中的servlet-api.jar发生jar冲突

首先检查servlet是否继承了HttpServlet

public class HelloServlet extends HttpServlet {

    public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response){
        try {
            response.getWriter().println("<h1>Hello Servlet!</h1>");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

其次，检查web.xml配置

<web-app>
  <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>LOGIN</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>club.jming.servlet.HelloServlet</servlet-class>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>LOGIN</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/login</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

最后问题还是没有解决

在翻阅网上资料，发现maven依赖中的

      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
      </dependency>

与tomcat中的servlet-api.jar存在jar冲突，解决方法，修改maven中pom.xml里jar的依赖范围

      <dependency>
          <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
          <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
          <version>3.0-alpha-1</version>
          <scope>provided</scope>
      </dependency>

至此，web项目顺利运行