RAD中配置 Spring JPA

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#spring #jpa

本文介绍了如何在Spring框架中配置并使用Java Persistence API (JPA)，包括使用LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean来设置数据源和JPA供应商适配器，解决在配置过程中遇到的异常问题，以及如何进行基本的JPA测试。

J2SE:

1. use LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean

public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(
   DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter) {
  LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emfb = 
    new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
  emfb.setDataSource(dataSource);
  emfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
  emfb.setPackagesToScan("getorder");    // 包含 JPA entity 的 Java 包.
  emfb.setLoadTimeWeaver(new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver());   
  return emfb;
 }

2. 用 @Bean 注入 Derby data source.

public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(
   DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter) {
  LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emfb = 
    new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
  emfb.setDataSource(dataSource);
  emfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
  emfb.setPackagesToScan("getorder");    // 包含 JPA entity 的 Java 包.
  emfb.setLoadTimeWeaver(new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver());   
  return emfb;
 }

3. 用 @Bean 注入 JpaVendorAdapter. 开始使用 OpenJpa，后来改成 EclipseLink 实现。

public LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean entityManagerFactory(
   DataSource dataSource, JpaVendorAdapter jpaVendorAdapter) {
  LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean emfb = 
    new LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean();
  emfb.setDataSource(dataSource);
  emfb.setJpaVendorAdapter(jpaVendorAdapter);
  emfb.setPackagesToScan("getorder");    // 包含 JPA entity 的 Java 包.
  emfb.setLoadTimeWeaver(new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver());   
  return emfb;
 }

4. Exception :

"main" java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org/springframework/util/ReflectionUtils.doWithLocalFields(Ljava/lang/Class;Lorg/springframework/util/ReflectionUtils$FieldCallback;)V
 at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.buildPersistenceMetadata(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:418)
 at org.springfr....

原因是混淆了 spring 不同模块的版本，统一替换成 4.3.6版本。
spring-beans, spring-core, spring-context, spring-context-support, spring-aop; spring-data-commons, spring-data-jpa, spring-jdbc, spring-orm, spring-tx.

5. ClassNotFound: MapBackedSet

下载： apache: commons-collections-3.2.jar

6. 安装 EclipseLink JPA 实现：

下载eclipselink-2.6.4.v20160829-44060b6.zip；解开；把jlib/eclipselink.jar, jlib/jpa/*.jar 拷贝到 /lib 路径下.

7. Exception:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'entityManagerFactory' defined in ServletContext resource [/WEB-INF/marmara.xml]: Invocation of init method failed; nested exception is java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot apply class transformer without LoadTimeWeaver specified
    at org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:341)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1073)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:516)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory

解决：
1）创建 LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean 时指定 LoadTimeWeaver:
emfb.setLoadTimeWeaver(new InstrumentationLoadTimeWeaver());
2) 在 JVM 参数中加入 -javaagent：

测试：
1. TestMain:

 public static void main(String[] args) {
  ApplicationContext  ac = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext(OrderConfiguration.class);
  
  ProfileRegistry reg = ac.getBean(ProfileRegistry.class);
  reg.testJPA();
 }

2. ProfileRegistry.testJPA:

 @Autowired
 private EntityManagerFactory entityManagerFactory; 
 public EntityManager getEntityManager() {
  return entityManagerFactory.createEntityManager();
 }
 public void testJPA(){
  System.out.println("JPA entityManager impl: " + getEntityManager().getClass().getName());
  FetcherConfig fc = getEntityManager().find(FetcherConfig.class, new Integer(1));
  System.out.print("Found fetcher config: " + fc.getName());
 }

测试结果：

Feb 24, 2017 10:36:19 AM org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext prepareRefresh
INFO: Refreshing org.springframework.context.annotation.AnnotationConfigApplicationContext@1279adbb: startup date [Fri Feb 24 10:36:19 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy
Feb 24, 2017 10:36:20 AM org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor <init>
INFO: JSR-330 'javax.inject.Inject' annotation found and supported for autowiring
Feb 24, 2017 10:36:20 AM org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource setDriverClassName
INFO: Loaded JDBC driver: org.apache.derby.jdbc.EmbeddedDriver
Feb 24, 2017 10:36:20 AM org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean createNativeEntityManagerFactory
INFO: Building JPA container EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
Feb 24, 2017 10:36:20 AM org.springframework.orm.jpa.AbstractEntityManagerFactoryBean buildNativeEntityManagerFactory
INFO: Initialized JPA EntityManagerFactory for persistence unit 'default'
Feb 24, 2017 10:36:20 AM java.util.prefs.WindowsPreferences <init>
WARNING: Could not open/create prefs root node Software\JavaSoft\Prefs at root 0x80000002. Windows RegCreateKeyEx(...) returned error code 5.
[EL Info]: 2017-02-24 10:36:20.957--ServerSession(2008245965)--EclipseLink, version: Eclipse Persistence Services - 2.6.4.v20160829-44060b6
[EL Info]: connection: 2017-02-24 10:36:21.427--ServerSession(2008245965)--/file:/W:bin/_default login successful
JPA entityManager impl: com.sun.proxy.$Proxy14
[EL Fine]: sql: 2017-02-24 10:36:21.468--ServerSession(2008245965)--Connection(427635119)--SELECT FETCHER_ID, DATASET, IMPLCLASS, NAME, RESOURCE FROM FETCHERCONFIG WHERE (FETCHER_ID = ?)
 bind => [1 parameter bound]
Found fetcher config:  OrderBasic