sqlserver2014 查询表结构（主键、列名、数据类型等等）

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本文介绍了如何使用SQL查询来获取SQLServer2014中表的详细信息，包括表名、列名、数据类型、主键、标识列和允许空的字段等。通过示例查询语句，可以获取特定表'm_vacation_status'的全部列及其相关属性。

SELECT CASE WHEN col.colorder = 1 THEN obj.name
ELSE ''
END AS 表名,
col.colorder AS 序号 ,
col.name AS 列名 ,
ISNULL(ep.[value], '') AS 列说明 ,--可注释
t.name AS 数据类型 ,
col.length AS 位数 ,
ISNULL(COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'Scale'), 0) AS 小数位数 ,--可注释
CASE WHEN COLUMNPROPERTY(col.id, col.name, 'IsIdentity') = 1 THEN '1'
ELSE ''
END AS 标识 ,
CASE WHEN EXISTS ( SELECT 1
FROM dbo.sysindexes si
INNER JOIN dbo.sysindexkeys sik ON si.id = sik.id
AND si.indid = sik.indid
INNER JOIN dbo.syscolumns sc ON sc.id = sik.id
AND sc.colid = sik.colid
INNER JOIN dbo.sysobjects so ON so.name = si.name
AND so.xtype = 'PK'
WHERE sc.id = col.id
AND sc.colid = col.colid ) THEN '1'
ELSE ''
END AS 主键 ,
CASE WHEN col.isnullable = 1 THEN '1'
ELSE ''
END AS 允许空 ,
ISNULL(comm.text, '') AS 默认值
FROM dbo.syscolumns col
LEFT JOIN dbo.systypes t ON col.xtype = t.xusertype
inner JOIN dbo.sysobjects obj ON col.id = obj.id
AND obj.xtype = 'U'
AND obj.status >= 0
LEFT JOIN dbo.syscomments comm ON col.cdefault = comm.id
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties ep ON col.id = ep.major_id
AND col.colid = ep.minor_id
AND ep.name = 'MS_Description'
LEFT JOIN sys.extended_properties epTwo ON obj.id = epTwo.major_id
AND epTwo.minor_id = 0
AND epTwo.name = 'MS_Description'
WHERE obj.name = 'm_vacation_status'--表名