Unable to process Jar entry ... from Jar [.../log4j-api-2.11.2.jar!/] for annotations

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在使用JDK1.8和Tomcat启动SpringMVC项目时，遇到错误：Unable to process Jar entry [META-INF/versions/9/module-info.class] from Jar。问题源于log4j-api-2.11.2.jar与JDK版本不兼容。通过将log4j-api版本降级为兼容JDK1.8的版本，如2.10.0，解决了启动问题。

Tomcat启动SpringMVC项目报错 jdk1.8

严重: Unable to process Jar entry [META-INF/versions/9/module-info.class] from Jar [jar:file:/E:/ideaProjects/shiro/target/shiro-1.0-SNAPSHOT/WEB-INF/lib/log4j-api-2.11.2.jar!/] for annotations
org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassFormatException: Invalid byte tag in constant pool: 19
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.Constant.readConstant(Constant.java:136)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ConstantPool.<init>(ConstantPool.java:59)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.readConstantPool(ClassParser.java:208)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.bcel.classfile.ClassParser.parse(ClassParser.java:118)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsStream(ContextConfig.java:2055)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsJar(ContextConfig.java:1931)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotationsUrl(ContextConfig.java:1897)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.processAnnotations(ContextConfig.java:1882)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1314)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:873)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:371)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleSupport.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleSupport.java:117)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:90)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5355)
	at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:150)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:901)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:877)
	at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:632)
	at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1740)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
	at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
	at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
	at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:618)
	at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:565)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:301)
	at com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:819)
	at com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:801)
	at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1468)
	at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.access$300(RMIConnectionImpl.java:76)
	at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1309)
	at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1401)
	at javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
	at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:498)
	at sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:357)
	at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
	at sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
	at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:573)
	at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:834)
	at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:688)
	at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)
	at sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:687)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1149)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:624)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:748)

我pom.xml中log4j的版本是：

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.logging.log4j/log4j-api -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
    <version>2.11.1</version>
</dependency>

严重: Unable to process Jar entry [META-INF/versions/9/module-info.class] from Jar [jar:file:/E:/ideaProjects/shiro/target/shiro-1.0-SNAPSHOT/WEB-INF/lib/log4j-api-2.11.2.jar!/] for annotations
提示的意思应该是log4j-api 2.11.2中的注解jdk1.8不认识，改为：

<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

启动成功