R语言-逻辑回归

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##### 3.3 回归分析 #####

rm(list = ls()) # 清空工作空间

#### 3.3.2 逻辑回归(logistic regression) ####

#额外备注：线性回归主要用来解决因变量是连续变量时的分析问题（比如薪酬、房价等）

#逻辑回归是处理二分类的因变量与自变量之间关系的模型

# 加载所需R包

# install.packages("ggplot2")

library(ggplot2)

# 读入数据

dat1 = read.csv("JuneTrain.csv")

dat2 = read.csv("JulyTest.csv")

head(dat1) # 查看数据的前几行

# 重新命名数据以及排列

dat1 = dat1[, c("tenure", "expense", "COUNT", "perperson", "entropy", "chgexpense", "chgcount", "churn")]

colnames(dat1) = c("tenure", "expense", "count", "perperson", "entropy", "chgexpense", "chgcount", "churn")

dat2 = dat2[, c("tenure", "expense", "COUNT", "perperson", "entropy", "chgexpense", "chgcount", "churn")]

colnames(dat2) = c("tenure", "expense", "count", "perperson", "entropy", "chgexpense", "chgcount", "churn")

# churn:是否流失;tenure:在网时长;expense:当月话费;count:通话人数;

# perperson:人均通话时长;entropy:通话时长分布;chgexpense:花费变化率;chgcount:通话人数变化率

# 描述分析，用ggplot2画对比箱线图。

# 描述分析内容 "tenure" "expense" "count" "perperson" "entropy" "chgexpense" "chgcount"

# tenure和是否流失

p1 = ggplot(dat1, aes(x = as.factor(churn), y = tenure, fill = as.factor(churn))) + geom_boxplot() +

guides(fill = FALSE) + theme_minimal() + xlab("是否流失") + ylab("在网时长") +

theme(axis.title.x = element_text(size = 16, face = "bold"),

axis.text.x = element_text(size = 12, face = "bold"),

axis.title.y = element_text(size = 16, face = "bold"),

axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12, face = "bold")) +

scale_fill_hue(c = 45, l = 80)

# expense和是否流失

p2 = ggplot(dat1, aes(x = as.factor(churn), y = expense, fill = as.factor(churn))) + geom_boxplot() +

guides(fill = FALSE) + theme_minimal() + xlab("是否流失") + ylab("当月话费") +

theme(axis.title.x = element_text(size = 16, face = "bold"),

axis.text.x = element_text(size =12, face = "bold"),

axis.title.y = element_text(size = 16, face = "bold"),

axis.text.y = element_text(size = 12, face = "bold")) +

scale_fill_hue(c = 45, l = 80)

#还有很多，具体看书和给出的例子，这里不写了

# 加载所需R包

# install.packages("gridExtra")

library(gridExtra)

# 将2张图并列输出

grid.arrange(p1,p2,ncol = 2) #因为ggplot()直接将两张图分别输出，而gridExtra中的grid.arrange()将2张图并列输出

#逻辑回归是解决分类问题的一种分类模型

glm()#逻辑回归建模最常用的是广义线性回归语句

#glm()与lm()不同之处就在于参数family

#逻辑回归的family=binomial(link=logit)，表示引用了二项分布族binomial中的logit连接函数

#glm()也包含了泊松回归等，family取值不一样

# 建立模型

lm1 = glm(churn ~., data = dat1, family = binomial())

summary(lm1)

#解读Page200

#训练集，测试集

#对测试集进行预测

predict(object,newdata = NULL,type = c("link","response","terms"))

#object指所需的回归模型；newdata指用于测试的数据集

#type指选择预测的类型，由于是二分类变量，所以选择reponse，表示输出结果预测响应变量为1的概率

# 模型预测

Yhat = predict(lm1, newdata = dat2, type = "response")

ypre1 = 1 * (Yhat > 0.5)

table(ypre1, dat2$churn)

## ypre1 0 1

## 0 46001 447

ypre2 = 1 * (Yhat > mean(dat2$churn))

table(ypre2, dat2$churn)

## ypre2 0 1

## 0 27242 108

## 1 18759 339

# 覆盖率捕获率曲线

sub = seq(0, 1, 1 / 7)

tol = sum(dat2$churn)

catch = sapply(sub, function(s) {

ss = quantile(Yhat, 1 - s)

res = sum(dat2$churn[Yhat > ss]) / tol

return(res)

})

plot(sub, catch, type = "l", xlab = "覆盖率", ylab = "捕获率")

# 系数图示

coef = lm1$coefficients[-1]

coef = sort(coef)

barplot(coef, col = rainbow(10), width = 1)

# 加载所需R包

# install.packages("pROC")

library(pROC)

# 生成ROC曲线

plot.roc(dat2$churn, Yhat, col = "red", lwd = 2, xaxs = "i", yaxs = "i")

# 比较ROC曲线优劣

lm2 = glm(churn ~ chgcount, data = dat1, family = binomial())

Yhat2 = predict(lm2, newdata = dat2, type = "response")

plot.roc(dat2$churn, Yhat2, col = "blue", lwd = 2, xaxs = "i", yaxs = "i")

lines.roc(dat2$churn, Yhat, col = "red", lwd = 2)

# auc曲线

auc(dat2$churn, Yhat)

###############################

#总结#

library(gridExtra)

grid.arrange()#因为ggplot()直接将两张图分别输出，而gridExtra中的grid.arrange()将图并列输出

glm()#逻辑回归建模最常用的是广义线性回归语句

predict()

library(pROC)

# 生成ROC曲线

plot.roc()

auc()

#############################

标签

#逻辑回归