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最新推荐文章于 2020-12-29 23:31:24 发布

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本文探讨了教育与学校教育之间的区别。教育是一个广泛且包容的概念，不限于特定地点或形式，而学校教育则是更为具体和规范化的过程。文章强调了教育的重要性，并指出其是一个终生进行的过程。

Schooling and Education

It is commonly believed in United States that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The distinction between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.

在美国，过去人们普遍认为：学校就是人们接受教育的地方。然而现在却有人认为上学打断了孩子们受教育的过程，这个评论中表明的学校教育和教育的分别是很重要的。

Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no bounds. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or in the job, whether in a kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in schools and the whole universe of informal learning. The agents of education can range from a revered grandparent to the people debating politics on the radio, from a child to a distinguished scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People are engaged in education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one's entire life.

教育的定义比学校教育更自由，更全面。教育的范围可以无限的扩大。任何地方任何时候都可以接受教育，如：在沐浴时或者在工作时，在厨房或者在拖拉机上，它包括在学校中的正式教育和所有领域的不正规教育。教育的发出者可以是受人尊敬的祖父，也可以是广播中争辩政治的人，可以是小孩，也可以是著名的科学家。然而学校教育是可预见的，而教育却是经常有意想不到的效果。和陌生人的一个偶然的对话可以让你认识到自己对其它宗教其实所知甚少。所有人从小就从事教育的工作。教育包含的范围很广，它是一个终身的课程，这个课程早在学校教育之前就开始了，教育是人一生中很重要的一部分。

Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the working of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that there not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.

另一个方面，学校教育是明确和正式的过程。那些人一般是按照普通模式按部就班。在整个国家，孩子们都在差不多的年龄去上学，坐到分配好的座位上，接受成年人的教育，使用相似的练习本，做作业，考试等等。他们学的是现实中的一些片断，如字母表或理解政府的运作，经常受到所教科目范围的限制。例如，高中生们知道，他们没法在课堂上弄清楚社会上政治问题的真情，也不会了解到最新潮的电影制片人在做什么尝试。学校教育这个正式的过程是有特定条件范围限制的。