事务管理入门-JDBC/Hibernate事务管理器/Spring注解 3种方式

在软件开发过程中，经常会遇到事务问题，下面我们来看看最简单的JDBC和Spring分别如何处理事务。

关于事务控制的场景当然是转账，我们使用的数据库是MySQL。

打开test数据库后，运行下面的数据库脚本：

Sql代码  

1. DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;   
2. CREATE TABLE account (   
3. accountId int primary key auto_increment,   
4. accountname varchar(20),   
5. money int not null  
6. );   
7.   
8. INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('zhangsan',100);   
9. INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('lisi',100);  

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS account;
CREATE TABLE account (
accountId int primary key auto_increment,
accountname varchar(20),
money int not null
);

INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('zhangsan',100);
INSERT INTO ACCOUNT(ACCOUNTNAME,MONEY) VALUES('lisi',100);

1、JDBC中的事务控制

代码1：AccountDAO.java

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. import java.sql.Connection;   
4. import java.sql.DriverManager;   
5. import java.sql.ResultSet;   
6. import java.sql.SQLException;   
7. import java.sql.Statement;   
8.   
9. public class AccountDAO {   
10.   
11.     public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {   
12.         try {   
13.             // 1. 注册驱动   
14.             Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");   
15.   
16.             // 2. 获取数据库的连接   
17.             Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(   
18.                     "jdbc:mysql://localhost/test", "root", "1234");   
19.   
20.             // 3. 获取表达式   
21.             Statement stmt1 = conn.createStatement();   
22.             Statement stmt2 = conn.createStatement();   
23.             Statement stmt3 = conn.createStatement();   
24.             Statement stmt4 = conn.createStatement();   
25.   
26.             // 执行插入数据的 SQL   
27.             ResultSet rs1 = stmt1   
28.                     .executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="  
29.                             + fromAccountId);   
30.             // 5. 显示结果集里面的数据   
31.             int money1 = 0;   
32.             while (rs1.next()) {   
33.                 System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));   
34.                 money1 = rs1.getInt(1);   
35.             }   
36.   
37.             // 修改   
38.             money1 -= money;   
39.             System.out.println("money1: " + money1);   
40.             stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1   
41.                     + " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);   
42.   
43.             // 执行插入数据的 SQL   
44.             ResultSet rs2 = stmt3   
45.                     .executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="  
46.                             + toAccountId);   
47.             // 5. 显示结果集里面的数据   
48.             int money2 = 0;   
49.             while (rs2.next()) {   
50.                 System.out.println(rs2.getInt(1));   
51.                 money2 = rs2.getInt(1);   
52.             }   
53.   
54.             // 修改   
55.             money2 += money;   
56.             System.out.println("money2: " + money2);   
57.             stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2   
58.                     + " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);   
59.   
60.             // 6. 释放资源   
61.             rs1.close();   
62.             rs2.close();   
63.             stmt1.close();   
64.             stmt2.close();   
65.             stmt3.close();   
66.             stmt4.close();   
67.             conn.close();   
68.         } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {   
69.             e.printStackTrace();   
70.         } catch (SQLException e) {   
71.             e.printStackTrace();   
72.         }   
73.   
74.     }   
75. }  

package com.coderdream;

import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;

public class AccountDAO {

	public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
		try {
			// 1. 注册驱动
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

			// 2. 获取数据库的连接
			Connection conn = DriverManager.getConnection(
					"jdbc:mysql://localhost/test", "root", "1234");

			// 3. 获取表达式
			Statement stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
			Statement stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
			Statement stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
			Statement stmt4 = conn.createStatement();

			// 执行插入数据的 SQL
			ResultSet rs1 = stmt1
					.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
							+ fromAccountId);
			// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
			int money1 = 0;
			while (rs1.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
				money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
			}

			// 修改
			money1 -= money;
			System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
			stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
					+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);

			// 执行插入数据的 SQL
			ResultSet rs2 = stmt3
					.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
							+ toAccountId);
			// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
			int money2 = 0;
			while (rs2.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs2.getInt(1));
				money2 = rs2.getInt(1);
			}

			// 修改
			money2 += money;
			System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
			stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
					+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);

			// 6. 释放资源
			rs1.close();
			rs2.close();
			stmt1.close();
			stmt2.close();
			stmt3.close();
			stmt4.close();
			conn.close();
		} catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		} catch (SQLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}

	}
}

代码2：AccountService.java

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. public class AccountService {   
4.   
5.     private AccountDAO accountDAO;   
6.   
7.     /**  
8.      * 通过 Spring 向 Service ͨszh注入 Dao  
9.      *   
10.      * @param accountDAO  
11.      */  
12.     public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {   
13.         this.accountDAO = accountDAO;   
14.     }   
15.   
16.     /**  
17.      * 转账  
18.      *   
19.      * @param fromAccountId  
20.      *            转出帐号  
21.      * @param toAccountId  
22.      *            转入帐号  
23.      * @param money  
24.      *            转账金额  
25.      */  
26.     public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {   
27.         accountDAO.transfer(fromAccountId, toAccountId, money);   
28.     }   
29. }  

package com.coderdream;

public class AccountService {

	private AccountDAO accountDAO;

	/**
	 * 通过 Spring 向 Service ͨszh注入 Dao
	 * 
	 * @param accountDAO
	 */
	public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
		this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
	}

	/**
	 * 转账
	 * 
	 * @param fromAccountId
	 *            转出帐号
	 * @param toAccountId
	 *            转入帐号
	 * @param money
	 *            转账金额
	 */
	public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
		accountDAO.transfer(fromAccountId, toAccountId, money);
	}
}

代码3：Main.java

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;   
4. import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;   
5.   
6. public class Main {   
7.   
8.     /**  
9.      * @param args  
10.      */  
11.     public static void main(String[] args) {   
12.   
13.         ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(   
14.                 "src/applicationContext.xml");   
15.         AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act   
16.                 .getBean("accountService");   
17.         try {   
18.             // 帐号1转账1元至帐号2   
19.             accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);//A   
20.                } catch (Exception e) {   
21.             System.out.println("转账失败!");   
22.         }   
23.     }   
24. }  

package com.coderdream;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
				"src/applicationContext.xml");
		AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
				.getBean("accountService");
		try {
			// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
			accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);//A
               } catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("转账失败!");
		}
	}
}

代码4：applicationContext.xml

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>  
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
5.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">  
6.   
7.     <bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO" />  
8.        
9.     <bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">  
10.         <property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>  
11.     </bean>  
12. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

	<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO" />
	
	<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
		<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

上面的代码是没有加事务控制的，如果把‘A’处的代码换成：

Java代码  

1. // 帐号1转账1元至帐号3   
2. accountService.transfer(1, 3, 1);//A  

			// 帐号1转账1元至帐号3
			accountService.transfer(1, 3, 1);//A

则由于帐号3不存在，所以会出现问题，帐号1的金额会减1，而帐号2的金额不会变，转账的1元就“不翼而飞”了，所以必须在Dao层加入事务控制。

代码5：加入事务控制后的AccountDAO

Java代码  

1. public class AccountDAO {   
2.   
3.     public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {   
4.         Connection conn = null;   
5.         ResultSet rs1 = null;   
6.         Integer rs2 = null;   
7.         ResultSet rs3 = null;   
8.         Integer rs4 = null;   
9.         Statement stmt1 = null;   
10.         Statement stmt2 = null;   
11.         Statement stmt3 = null;   
12.         Statement stmt4 = null;   
13.         // 1. 注册驱动   
14.         try {   
15.             Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");   
16.   
17.             // 2. 获取数据库的连接   
18.             conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/test",   
19.                     "root", "1234");   
20.   
21.             conn.setAutoCommit(false);   
22.   
23.             // 3. 获取表达式   
24.             stmt1 = conn.createStatement();   
25.             stmt2 = conn.createStatement();   
26.             stmt3 = conn.createStatement();   
27.             stmt4 = conn.createStatement();   
28.   
29.             // 执行插入数据的 SQL   
30.             rs1 = stmt1   
31.                     .executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="  
32.                             + fromAccountId);   
33.             // 5. 显示结果集里面的数据   
34.             int money1 = 0;   
35.             while (rs1.next()) {   
36.                 System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));   
37.                 money1 = rs1.getInt(1);   
38.             }   
39.   
40.             // 修改   
41.             money1 -= money;   
42.             System.out.println("money1: " + money1);   
43.             rs2 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1   
44.                     + " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);   
45.             if (1 != rs2) {   
46.                 throw new Exception(" 转出失败，帐号： " + fromAccountId);   
47.             }   
48.   
49.             // 执行插入数据的 SQL   
50.             rs3 = stmt3   
51.                     .executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="  
52.                             + toAccountId);   
53.             // 5. 显示结果集里面的数据   
54.             int money2 = 0;   
55.             while (rs3.next()) {   
56.                 System.out.println(rs3.getInt(1));   
57.                 money2 = rs3.getInt(1);   
58.             }   
59.   
60.             // 修改   
61.             money2 += money;   
62.             System.out.println("money2: " + money2);   
63.             rs4 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2   
64.                     + " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);   
65.             if (1 != rs4) {   
66.                 throw new Exception(" 转入失败，帐号： " + toAccountId);   
67.             }   
68.   
69.             conn.commit();   
70.             System.out.println("转帐成功！");   
71.         } catch (Exception e) {   
72.             try {   
73.                 conn.rollback();   
74.             } catch (Exception e1) {   
75.                 e1.printStackTrace();   
76.             }   
77.             e.printStackTrace();   
78.         }   
79.         // 6. 释放资源   
80.         finally {   
81.             try {   
82.                 if (rs1 != null) {   
83.                     rs1.close();   
84.                 }   
85.                 if (rs3 != null) {   
86.                     rs3.close();   
87.                 }   
88.                 if (stmt1 != null) {   
89.                     stmt1.close();   
90.                 }   
91.                 if (stmt2 != null) {   
92.                     stmt2.close();   
93.                 }   
94.                 if (stmt3 != null) {   
95.                     stmt3.close();   
96.                 }   
97.                 if (stmt4 != null) {   
98.                     stmt4.close();   
99.                 }   
100.                 if (conn != null) {   
101.                     conn.close();   
102.                 }   
103.             } catch (SQLException e) {   
104.                 e.printStackTrace();   
105.             }   
106.         }   
107.     }   
108. }  

public class AccountDAO {

	public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
		Connection conn = null;
		ResultSet rs1 = null;
		Integer rs2 = null;
		ResultSet rs3 = null;
		Integer rs4 = null;
		Statement stmt1 = null;
		Statement stmt2 = null;
		Statement stmt3 = null;
		Statement stmt4 = null;
		// 1. 注册驱动
		try {
			Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");

			// 2. 获取数据库的连接
			conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost/test",
					"root", "1234");

			conn.setAutoCommit(false);

			// 3. 获取表达式
			stmt1 = conn.createStatement();
			stmt2 = conn.createStatement();
			stmt3 = conn.createStatement();
			stmt4 = conn.createStatement();

			// 执行插入数据的 SQL
			rs1 = stmt1
					.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
							+ fromAccountId);
			// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
			int money1 = 0;
			while (rs1.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs1.getInt(1));
				money1 = rs1.getInt(1);
			}

			// 修改
			money1 -= money;
			System.out.println("money1: " + money1);
			rs2 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money1
					+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + fromAccountId);
			if (1 != rs2) {
				throw new Exception(" 转出失败，帐号： " + fromAccountId);
			}

			// 执行插入数据的 SQL
			rs3 = stmt3
					.executeQuery("SELECT MONEY FROM ACCOUNT WHERE ACCOUNTID="
							+ toAccountId);
			// 5. 显示结果集里面的数据
			int money2 = 0;
			while (rs3.next()) {
				System.out.println(rs3.getInt(1));
				money2 = rs3.getInt(1);
			}

			// 修改
			money2 += money;
			System.out.println("money2: " + money2);
			rs4 = stmt2.executeUpdate("UPDATE ACCOUNT SET MONEY=" + money2
					+ " WHERE ACCOUNTID=" + toAccountId);
			if (1 != rs4) {
				throw new Exception(" 转入失败，帐号： " + toAccountId);
			}

			conn.commit();
			System.out.println("转帐成功！");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			try {
				conn.rollback();
			} catch (Exception e1) {
				e1.printStackTrace();
			}
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		// 6. 释放资源
		finally {
			try {
				if (rs1 != null) {
					rs1.close();
				}
				if (rs3 != null) {
					rs3.close();
				}
				if (stmt1 != null) {
					stmt1.close();
				}
				if (stmt2 != null) {
					stmt2.close();
				}
				if (stmt3 != null) {
					stmt3.close();
				}
				if (stmt4 != null) {
					stmt4.close();
				}
				if (conn != null) {
					conn.close();
				}
			} catch (SQLException e) {
				e.printStackTrace();
			}
		}
	}
}

2、Spring中的事务控制方式一：Hibernate的事务管理器托管

我们先来看看通过Spring+Hibernate来操作数据库的简单示例。

先通过 MyEclipse 生成Hibernate 需要的 Bean 及 hbm.xml文件：

代码6：Account.java

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. /**  
4.  * Account entity.  
5.  *   
6.  * @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools  
7.  */  
8. public class Account implements java.io.Serializable {   
9.   
10.     /**  
11.      *   
12.      */  
13.     private static final long serialVersionUID = 909891879728703117L;   
14.   
15.     private Integer accountId;   
16.     private String accountname;   
17.     private Integer money;   
18.   
19.     // Property accessors   
20.   
21.     public Integer getAccountId() {   
22.         return this.accountId;   
23.     }   
24.   
25.     public void setAccountId(Integer accountId) {   
26.         this.accountId = accountId;   
27.     }   
28.   
29.     public String getAccountname() {   
30.         return this.accountname;   
31.     }   
32.   
33.     public void setAccountname(String accountname) {   
34.         this.accountname = accountname;   
35.     }   
36.   
37.     public Integer getMoney() {   
38.         return this.money;   
39.     }   
40.   
41.     public void setMoney(Integer money) {   
42.         this.money = money;   
43.     }   
44.   
45.     // Constructors   
46.   
47.     /** default constructor */  
48.     public Account() {   
49.     }   
50.   
51.     /** full constructor */  
52.     public Account(String accountname, Integer money) {   
53.         this.accountname = accountname;   
54.         this.money = money;   
55.     }   
56.   
57. }  

package com.coderdream;

/**
 * Account entity.
 * 
 * @author MyEclipse Persistence Tools
 */
public class Account implements java.io.Serializable {

	/**
	 * 
	 */
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 909891879728703117L;

	private Integer accountId;
	private String accountname;
	private Integer money;

	// Property accessors

	public Integer getAccountId() {
		return this.accountId;
	}

	public void setAccountId(Integer accountId) {
		this.accountId = accountId;
	}

	public String getAccountname() {
		return this.accountname;
	}

	public void setAccountname(String accountname) {
		this.accountname = accountname;
	}

	public Integer getMoney() {
		return this.money;
	}

	public void setMoney(Integer money) {
		this.money = money;
	}

	// Constructors

	/** default constructor */
	public Account() {
	}

	/** full constructor */
	public Account(String accountname, Integer money) {
		this.accountname = accountname;
		this.money = money;
	}

}

代码7：Account.hbm.xml

Xml代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
2. <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"   
3. "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">  
4. <!--   
5.     Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools  
6. -->  
7. <hibernate-mapping>  
8.     <class name="com.coderdream.Account" table="account" catalog="test">  
9.         <id name="accountId" type="java.lang.Integer">  
10.             <column name="accountId" />  
11.             <generator class="native" />  
12.         </id>  
13.         <property name="accountname" type="java.lang.String">  
14.             <column name="accountname" length="20" />  
15.         </property>  
16.         <property name="money" type="java.lang.Integer">  
17.             <column name="money" length="20" />  
18.         </property>  
19.     </class>  
20. </hibernate-mapping>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- 
    Mapping file autogenerated by MyEclipse Persistence Tools
-->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.coderdream.Account" table="account" catalog="test">
        <id name="accountId" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="accountId" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="accountname" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="accountname" length="20" />
        </property>
        <property name="money" type="java.lang.Integer">
            <column name="money" length="20" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

代码8：

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;   
4.   
5. public class AccountDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {   
6.   
7.     public void addMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {   
8.         Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,   
9.                 accountId);   
10.         account.setMoney(account.getMoney() + money);   
11.         getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);   
12.     }   
13.   
14.     public void subMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {   
15.         Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,   
16.                 accountId);   
17.         account.setMoney(account.getMoney() - money);   
18.         getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);   
19.     }   
20. }  

package com.coderdream;

import org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.HibernateDaoSupport;

public class AccountDAO extends HibernateDaoSupport {

	public void addMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
		Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
				accountId);
		account.setMoney(account.getMoney() + money);
		getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
	}

	public void subMoney(Integer accountId, int money) {
		Account account = (Account) getHibernateTemplate().get(Account.class,
				accountId);
		account.setMoney(account.getMoney() - money);
		getHibernateTemplate().saveOrUpdate(account);
	}
}

代码9：

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. public class AccountService {   
4.   
5.     private AccountDAO accountDAO;   
6.   
7.     /**  
8.      * 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service  
9.      *   
10.      * @param accountDAO  
11.      */  
12.     public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {   
13.         this.accountDAO = accountDAO;   
14.     }   
15.   
16.     /**  
17.      * 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法  
18.      *   
19.      * @param fromAccountId  
20.      * @param toAccountId  
21.      * @param money  
22.      */  
23.     public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {   
24.         accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);   
25.         accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);   
26.     }   
27. }  

package com.coderdream;

public class AccountService {

	private AccountDAO accountDAO;

	/**
	 * 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service
	 * 
	 * @param accountDAO
	 */
	public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {
		this.accountDAO = accountDAO;
	}

	/**
	 * 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法
	 * 
	 * @param fromAccountId
	 * @param toAccountId
	 * @param money
	 */
	public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {
		accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);
		accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);
	}
}

代码10：

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;   
4. import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;   
5.   
6. public class Main {   
7.   
8.     /**  
9.      * @param args  
10.      */  
11.     public static void main(String[] args) {   
12.   
13.         ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(   
14.                 "src/applicationContext.xml");   
15.         AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act   
16.                 .getBean("accountService");   
17.         try {   
18.             // 帐号1转账1元至帐号2   
19.             accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);// B   
20.         } catch (Exception e) {   
21.             System.out.println("转账失败");   
22.         }   
23.     }   
24. }  

package com.coderdream;

import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;

public class Main {

	/**
	 * @param args
	 */
	public static void main(String[] args) {

		ApplicationContext act = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext(
				"src/applicationContext.xml");
		AccountService accountService = (AccountService) act
				.getBean("accountService");
		try {
			// 帐号1转账1元至帐号2
			accountService.transfer(1, 2, 1);// B
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("转账失败");
		}
	}
}

上面的代码同样没有加入事务控制，如果在‘B’处将转入的帐号设置为不存在的帐号3，同样会有问题，下面我们来加入事务控制，我们需要修改 applicationContext.xml 文件：

代码11：增加事务后的 applicationContext.xml

Java代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans    
5.     http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">   
6.   
7.     <bean id="dataSource"  
8.         class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">   
9.         <property name="driverClassName"  
10.             value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">   
11.         </property>   
12.         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>   
13.         <property name="username" value="root"></property>   
14.         <property name="password" value="1234"></property>   
15.     </bean>   
16.   
17.     <bean id="sessionFactory"  
18.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
19.         <property name="dataSource">   
20.             <ref bean="dataSource" />   
21.         </property>   
22.         <property name="hibernateProperties">   
23.             <props>   
24.                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">   
25.                     org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect   
26.                 </prop>   
27.                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>   
28.             </props>   
29.         </property>   
30.         <property name="mappingResources">   
31.             <list>   
32.                 <value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>   
33.             </list>   
34.         </property>   
35.     </bean>   
36.   
37.     <!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->   
38.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
39.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
40.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>   
41.     </bean>   
42.   
43.     <bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">   
44.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>   
45.     </bean>   
46.   
47.     <!-- 通过事务管理器来管理Service -->   
48.     <bean id="accountService"  
49.         class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">   
50.         <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>   
51.         <property name="target">   
52.             <bean class="com.coderdream.AccountService">   
53.                 <property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>   
54.             </bean>   
55.         </property>   
56.         <property name="transactionAttributes">   
57.             <props>   
58.                 <prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>   
59.             </props>   
60.         </property>   
61.     </bean>   
62. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
	http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd">

	<bean id="dataSource"
		class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName"
			value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
		</property>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource">
			<ref bean="dataSource" />
		</property>
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
					org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
				</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<property name="mappingResources">
			<list>
				<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 通过事务管理器来管理Service -->
	<bean id="accountService"
		class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
		<property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
		<property name="target">
			<bean class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
				<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
			</bean>
		</property>
		<property name="transactionAttributes">
			<props>
				<prop key="transfer">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
	</bean>
</beans>

3、Spring中的事务控制方式二：注解方式

当然，我们还可以通过注解的方式加入事务的控制。

我们需要先在 applicationContext.xml 声明事务控制器和注解：

代码12：applicationContext.xml

Java代码  

1. <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   
2. <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"  
3.     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  
4.     xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
5.     xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"  
6.     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
7.     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">   
8.   
9.     <bean id="dataSource"  
10.         class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">   
11.         <property name="driverClassName"  
12.             value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">   
13.         </property>   
14.         <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>   
15.         <property name="username" value="root"></property>   
16.         <property name="password" value="1234"></property>   
17.     </bean>   
18.   
19.     <bean id="sessionFactory"  
20.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">   
21.         <property name="dataSource">   
22.             <ref bean="dataSource" />   
23.         </property>   
24.         <property name="hibernateProperties">   
25.             <props>   
26.                 <prop key="hibernate.dialect">   
27.                     org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect   
28.                 </prop>   
29.                 <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>   
30.             </props>   
31.         </property>   
32.         <property name="mappingResources">   
33.             <list>   
34.                 <value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>   
35.             </list>   
36.         </property>   
37.     </bean>   
38.   
39.     <!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->   
40.     <bean id="transactionManager"  
41.         class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">   
42.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>   
43.     </bean>   
44.   
45.     <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->   
46.     <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />   
47.   
48.     <bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">   
49.         <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>   
50.     </bean>   
51.   
52.     <bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">   
53.         <property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>   
54.     </bean>   
55. </beans>  

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

	<bean id="dataSource"
		class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName"
			value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver">
		</property>
		<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test"></property>
		<property name="username" value="root"></property>
		<property name="password" value="1234"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource">
			<ref bean="dataSource" />
		</property>
		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">
					org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
				</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<property name="mappingResources">
			<list>
				<value>com/coderdream/Account.hbm.xml</value>
			</list>
		</property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 引用Hibernate的事务管理器 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<!-- 使用annotation定义事务 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />

	<bean id="accountDAO" class="com.coderdream.AccountDAO">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
	</bean>

	<bean id="accountService" class="com.coderdream.AccountService">
		<property name="accountDAO" ref="accountDAO"></property>
	</bean>
</beans>

同时需要在Service层的要使用的方法上声明事务，如：

Java代码  

1. @Transactional(readOnly = false)  

@Transactional(readOnly = false)

 如果只是对数据库进行查询操作，这里的“readOnly = true“，如果是”增/删/改“操作，则为 false。

代码13：在方法上加入“注解式”事务控制后的 AccountService.java

Java代码  

1. package com.coderdream;   
2.   
3. public class AccountService {   
4.   
5.     private AccountDAO accountDAO;   
6.   
7.     /**  
8.      * 通过 Spring 将 DAO 注入到 Service  
9.      *   
10.      * @param accountDAO  
11.      */  
12.     public void setAccountDAO(AccountDAO accountDAO) {   
13.         this.accountDAO = accountDAO;   
14.     }   
15.   
16.     /**  
17.      * 转账方法包括两个原子方法：转出方法和转入方法  
18.      *   
19.      * @param fromAccountId  
20.      * @param toAccountId  
21.      * @param money  
22.      */  
23.     @Transactional(readOnly = false)   
24.     public void transfer(Integer fromAccountId, Integer toAccountId, int money) {   
25.         accountDAO.subMoney(fromAccountId, money);   
26.         accountDAO.addMoney(toAccountId, money);   
27.     }   
28. }