django 迁移生成表python manage.py makemigrations 报错“django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error “

最新推荐文章于 2026-07-09 16:50:03 发布

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python

数据库

在使用Django框架进行数据库迁移时遇到'Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb''的错误，尝试安装pyMySQL后问题仍然存在。解决方法是在项目的__init__.py文件中添加指定代码，然后重新执行迁移命令，成功生成迁移文件并创建数据库表。

Django框架会自动帮建立表

生成迁移文件：

python manage.py makemigrations

在运行次命令后，报错如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 25, in <module>
    import MySQLdb as Database
ImportError: No module named 'MySQLdb'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "manage.py", line 22, in <module>
    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 350, in execute_from_command_line
    utility.execute()
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 324, in execute
    django.setup()
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 18, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 108, in populate
    app_config.import_models(all_models)
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 202, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 986, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 969, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 958, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 673, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 665, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 222, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/models.py", line 4, in <module>
    from django.contrib.auth.base_user import AbstractBaseUser, BaseUserManager
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/contrib/auth/base_user.py", line 49, in <module>
    class AbstractBaseUser(models.Model):
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 108, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
  File "/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 299, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "python3.5/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 263, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 36, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 212, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/python3.5/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 116, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/python3.5/importlib/__init__.py", line 126, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File python3.5/site-packages/django/db/backends/mysql/base.py", line 28, in <module>
    raise ImproperlyConfigured("Error loading MySQLdb module: %s" % e)
django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb'

错误： django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: Error loading MySQLdb module: No module named 'MySQLdb'

第一想法就是没有安装：pyMySQL

pip install pymysql

继续执行迁移依然报上述错误

解决方案：

在项目目录下的 __init__ .py 文件中加入：

import pymysql
pymysql.install_as_MySQLdb()

再次执行迁移生成迁移文件：

python manage.py makemigrations

查看迁移文件，迁移文件已经生成

执行迁移的命令：

python manage.py migrate

查看数据库，数据库创建了表