Linux安装Oracle 19c

Linux 安装 Oracle 19c

系统：CentOS 7.9

数据库：Oracle Database 19c

一、安装依赖

yum -y install binutils-* compat-libstdc* elfutils-libelf* elfutils-libelf-devel* gcc-* glibc-common* glibc-devel* glibc-headers* ksh* libaio-devel* libstdc++-devel* make* sysstat* unixODBC-devel* gcc* libaio* glibc* compat-* elfutils* glibc* libgcc* libstdc++* unixODBC* pdksh* ksh* libaio*.i686 glibc*.i686 compat-*.i686 elfutils*.i686 glibc*.i686 libgcc*.i686 libstdc++*.i686 unixODBC*.i686 pdksh*.i686 *ksh*.i686

二、创建用户和组

groupadd oinstall
groupadd dba
groupadd oper
useradd -g oinstall -G dba,oper oracle
passwd oracle

三、修改系统参数: vim /etc/sysctl.conf

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 536870912
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

# 执行生效
sysctl -p

四、修改系统限制参数: vi /etc/security/limits.conf

oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
oracle soft stack 10240
oracle soft core unlimited
oracle hard core unlimited
oracle soft memlock 50000000
oracle hard memlock 50000000

五、修改用户登录认证

vim /etc/pam.d/login
session required /lib64/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so

六、创建 Oracle的安装目录，给予目录权限，并切到 oracle 用户

mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1
chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
chmod -R 775 /u01
su - oracle

七、配置oracle用户的环境变量: vim .bash_profile

# Oracle Settings
TMP=/tmp; export TMP
TMPDIR=$TMP; export TMPDIR
ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=orcl; export ORACLE_SID
NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8; export NLS_LANG
LANG=zh_CN.UTF-8; export LANG
NLS_LANG=AMERICAN_AMERICA.ZHS16GBK; export NLS_LANG
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib; export CLASSPATH

八、安装Oracle

# 解压到安装目录
unzip LINUX.X64_193000_db_home.zip -d /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1

8.1 安装过程

# 使用oracle用户登录linux桌面环境
cd database
./runInstaller

按提示执行上面两个脚本：执行完后点确定

/u01/app/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

九、开机启动

以root身份登录到linux系统，编辑文件/etc/oratab 添加以下行

orcl:/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1:Y

编辑 /etc/rc.d/rc.local 添加以下两行

su oracle -lc "/u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start"
su oracle -lc /u01/app/oracle/product/19.3.0/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/rc.local