Linux安全删除大文件的方法

最新推荐文章于 2026-03-02 11:35:39 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2026-03-02 11:35:39 发布 · 563 阅读

0 ·

本内容遵循CC 4.0 BY-SA版权协议

原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/skadieye/p/10073131.html

标签

#操作系统

本文介绍了一种在Linux环境下平滑删除大文件的方法，避免了直接删除引起的IO和CPU资源骤增。通过使用truncate命令逐步缩小文件大小，实现对大文件的安全删除。文章还提供了一个脚本示例，用于自动化这一过程。

Linux环境下，如果删除一个很大的单文件，直接使用rm 等命令删除，会引起IO陡增， CPU陡增的情况，为平缓删除大文件带来的影响，使用truncate辅助，通过逐步的缩小文件，达到平滑删除的目的。

1. truncate 介绍

Usage: truncate OPTION... FILE...
Shrink or extend the size of each FILE to the specified size

A FILE argument that does not exist is created.

If a FILE is larger than the specified size, the extra data is lost.
If a FILE is shorter, it is extended and the extended part (hole)
reads as zero bytes.

Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too.
  -c, --no-create        do not create any files
  -o, --io-blocks        Treat SIZE as number of IO blocks instead of bytes
  -r, --reference=FILE   use this FILE's size
  -s, --size=SIZE        use this SIZE
      --help     display this help and exit
      --version  output version information and exit

SIZE may be (or may be an integer optionally followed by) one of following:
KB 1000, K 1024, MB 1000*1000, M 1024*1024, and so on for G, T, P, E, Z, Y.

SIZE may also be prefixed by one of the following modifying characters:
`+' extend by, `-' reduce by, `<' at most, `>' at least,
`/' round down to multiple of, `%' round up to multiple of.

Note that the -r and -s options are mutually exclusive.

2. 安全删除工具

#file name, default in current dir
LAGRE_FILE=$1

if [[ ! -f ${LAGRE_FILE} ]];then

        echo "${LAGRE_FILE} NOT FOUND, PLEASE CHECK FILE."
        exit 1

fi

#get file size
FILE_SIZE=`du -shm ${LAGRE_FILE} | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}'`

#default 20M 
DELETE_SPEED=20

#safe rm size 20M default
SAFE_SIZE=50

echo "CURRENT ${LAGRE_FILE} IS ${FILE_SIZE}M, NOW START DELETE..."

for ((i=${FILE_SIZE}; i>${SAFE_SIZE}; i=i-${DELETE_SPEED}))
do

        echo "truncate ${i}M ......";
        truncate -s ${i}M ${LAGRE_FILE} ;

        sleep 2;
done

LAST_FILE_SIZE=`du -shm ${LAGRE_FILE} | awk -F ' ' '{print $1}'`

echo "CURRENT ${LAGRE_FILE} IS ONLY ${LAST_FILE_SIZE}M, DELETE IT..."

rm -rf ${LAGRE_FILE}

if [[ ! -f ${LAGRE_FILE} ]];then

        echo "${LAGRE_FILE} DELTE SUCC."

else

        echo "${LAGRE_FILE} DELTE FAILED, PLEASE CHECK AND DELTE IT MANUAL"
        exit 2

fi