[Python]百度飞桨Paddle框架下实现将视频皮影戏化

前言

飞桨(PaddlePaddle)是集深度学习核心框架、工具组件和服务平台为一体的技术先进、功能完备的开源深度学习平台，已被中国企业广泛使用，深度契合企业应用需求，拥有活跃的开发者社区生态。提供丰富的官方支持模型集合，并推出全类型的高性能部署和集成方案供开发者使用。

本文是以初步体验Paddle框架为目的，做了其中的“AI实现皮影戏项目”，接下来是笔者的线上实现步骤。

实验步骤
1.依据步骤fork一下原文，会在他们的平台上创建出相应环境

2.关键骨骼点检测
代码片如下

import os
import cv2
import paddlehub as hub
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.image import imread
import numpy as np
%matplotlib inline

def show_img(img_path, size=8):
    '''
        文件读取图片显示
    '''
    im = imread(img_path)
    plt.figure(figsize=(size,size))
    plt.axis("off")
    plt.imshow(im)


def img_show_bgr(image,size=8):
    '''
        cv读取的图片显示
    '''
    image=cv2.cvtColor(image,cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    plt.figure(figsize=(size,size))
    plt.imshow(image)
    
    plt.axis("off")
    plt.show() 

#通过代码获取图片中的结果
pose_estimation = hub.Module(name="human_pose_estimation_resnet50_mpii")
result = pose_estimation.keypoint_detection(paths=['work/imgs/body01.jpg'], visualization=True, output_dir="work/output_pose/")
result

2、将皮影素材映射到骨骼关键点上
在项目-详情中就可以看到皮影各个部位素材
3.运行贴素材程序

def get_true_angel(value):
    '''
    转转得到角度值
    '''
    return value/np.pi*180

def get_angle(x1, y1, x2, y2):
    '''
    计算旋转角度
    '''
    dx = abs(x1- x2)
    dy = abs(y1- y2)
    result_angele = 0
    if x1 == x2:
        if y1 > y2:
            result_angele = 180
    else:
        if y1!=y2:
            the_angle = int(get_true_angel(np.arctan(dx/dy)))
        if x1 < x2:
            if y1>y2:
                result_angele = -(180 - the_angle)
            elif y1<y2:
                result_angele = -the_angle
            elif y1==y2:
                result_angele = -90
        elif x1 > x2:
            if y1>y2:
                result_angele = 180 - the_angle
            elif y1<y2:
                result_angele = the_angle
            elif y1==y2:
                result_angele = 90
    
    if result_angele<0:
        result_angele = 360 + result_angele
    return result_angele

def rotate_bound(image, angle, key_point_y):
    '''
    旋转图像，并取得关节点偏移量
    '''
    #获取图像的尺寸
    (h,w) = image.shape[:2]
    #旋转中心
    (cx,cy) = (w/2,h/2)
    # 关键点必须在中心的y轴上
    (kx,ky) = cx, key_point_y
    d = abs(ky - cy)
    
    #设置旋转矩阵
    M = cv2.getRotationMatrix2D((cx,cy), -angle, 1.0)
    cos = np.abs(M[0,0])
    sin = np.abs(M[0,1])
    
    # 计算图像旋转后的新边界
    nW = int((h*sin)+(w*cos))
    nH = int((h*cos)+(w*sin))
    
    # 计算旋转后的相对位移
    move_x = nW/2 + np.sin(angle/180*np.pi)*d 
    move_y = nH/2 - np.cos(angle/180*np.pi)*d
    
    # 调整旋转矩阵的移动距离（t_{x}, t_{y}）
    M[0,2] += (nW/2) - cx
    M[1,2] += (nH/2) - cy

    return cv2.warpAffine(image,M,(nW,nH)), int(move_x), int(move_y)

def get_distences(x1, y1, x2, y2):
    return ((x1-x2)**2 + (y1-y2)**2)**0.5

def append_img_by_sk_points(img, append_img_path, key_point_y, first_point, second_point, append_img_reset_width=None,
                                        append_img_max_height_rate=1, middle_flip=False, append_img_max_height=None):
    '''
    将需要添加的肢体图片进行缩放
    '''
    append_image = cv2.imdecode(np.fromfile(append_img_path, dtype=np.uint8), cv2.IMREAD_UNCHANGED)

    # 根据长度进行缩放
    sk_height = int(get_distences(first_point[0], first_point[1], second_point[0], second_point[1])*append_img_max_height_rate)
    # 缩放制约
    if append_img_max_height:
        sk_height = min(sk_height, append_img_max_height)

    sk_width = int(sk_height/append_image.shape[0]*append_image.shape[1]) if append_img_reset_width is None else int(append_img_reset_width)
    if sk_width <= 0:
        sk_width = 1
    if sk_height <= 0:
        sk_height = 1

    # 关键点映射
    key_point_y_new = int(key_point_y/append_image.shape[0]*append_image.shape[1])
    # 缩放图片
    append_image = cv2.resize(append_image, (sk_width, sk_height))

    img_height, img_width, _ = img.shape
    # 是否根据骨骼节点位置在 图像中间的左右来控制是否进行 左右翻转图片
    # 主要处理头部的翻转, 默认头部是朝左
    if middle_flip:
        middle_x = int(img_width/2)
        if first_point[0] < middle_x and second_point[0] < middle_x:
            append_image = cv2.flip(append_image, 1)

    # 旋转角度
    angle = get_angle(first_point[0], first_point[1], second_point[0], second_point[1])
    append_image, move_x, move_y = rotate_bound(append_image, angle=angle, key_point_y=key_point_y_new)
    app_img_height, app_img_width, _ = append_image.shape
    
    zero_x = first_point[0] - move_x
    zero_y = first_point[1] - move_y

    (b, g, r) = cv2.split(append_image) 
    for i in range(0, r.shape[0]):
        for j in range(0, r.shape[1]):
            if 230>r[i][j]>200 and 0<=zero_y+i<img_height and 0<=zero_x+j<img_width:
                img[zero_y+i][zero_x+j] = append_image[i][j]
    return img

body_img_path_map = {
    "right_hip" : "./work/shadow_play_material/right_hip.jpg",
    "right_knee" : "./work/shadow_play_material/right_knee.jpg",
    "left_hip" : "./work/shadow_play_material/left_hip.jpg",
    "left_knee" : "./work/shadow_play_material/left_knee.jpg",
    "left_elbow" : "./work/shadow_play_material/left_elbow.jpg",
    "left_wrist" : "./work/shadow_play_material/left_wrist.jpg",
    "right_elbow" : "./work/shadow_play_material/right_elbow.jpg",
    "right_wrist" : "./work/shadow_play_material/right_wrist.jpg",
    "head" : "./work/shadow_play_material/head.jpg",
    "body" : "./work/shadow_play_material/body.jpg"
}


def get_combine_img(img_path, pose_estimation=pose_estimation, body_img_path_map=body_img_path_map, backgroup_img_path= 'work/background.jpg'):
    '''
    识别图片中的关节点，并将皮影的肢体进行对应，最后与原图像拼接后输出
    '''
    result = pose_estimation.keypoint_detection(paths=[img_path])
    image=cv2.imread(img_path)

    # 背景图片
    backgroup_image = cv2.imread(backgroup_img_path)
    image_flag = cv2.resize(backgroup_image, (image.shape[1], image.shape[0]))

    # 最小宽度
    min_width = int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['head_top'][0], result[0]['data']['head_top'][1],
                result[0]['data']['upper_neck'][0], result[0]['data']['upper_neck'][1])/3)

    #右大腿
    append_img_reset_width = max(int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['pelvis'][0], result[0]['data']['pelvis'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['left_hip'][0], result[0]['data']['right_hip'][1])*1.6), min_width)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['right_hip'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['right_hip'],
                                        second_point=result[0]['data']['right_knee'], append_img_reset_width=append_img_reset_width)

    # 右小腿
    append_img_reset_width = max(int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['pelvis'][0], result[0]['data']['pelvis'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['left_hip'][0], result[0]['data']['right_hip'][1])*1.5), min_width)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['right_knee'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['right_knee'],
                                            second_point=result[0]['data']['right_ankle'], append_img_reset_width=append_img_reset_width)

    # 左大腿
    append_img_reset_width = max(int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['pelvis'][0], result[0]['data']['pelvis'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['left_hip'][0], result[0]['data']['left_hip'][1])*1.6), min_width)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['left_hip'], key_point_y=0, first_point=result[0]['data']['left_hip'],
                                        second_point=result[0]['data']['left_knee'], append_img_reset_width=append_img_reset_width)

    # 左小腿
    append_img_reset_width = max(int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['pelvis'][0], result[0]['data']['pelvis'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['left_hip'][0], result[0]['data']['left_hip'][1])*1.5), min_width)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['left_knee'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['left_knee'],
                                            second_point=result[0]['data']['left_ankle'], append_img_reset_width=append_img_reset_width)

    # 右手臂
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['left_elbow'], key_point_y=25, first_point=result[0]['data']['right_shoulder'],
                                        second_point=result[0]['data']['right_elbow'], append_img_max_height_rate=1.2)

    # 右手肘
    append_img_max_height = int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['right_shoulder'][0], result[0]['data']['right_shoulder'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['right_elbow'][0], result[0]['data']['right_elbow'][1])*1.6)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['left_wrist'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['right_elbow'],
                                            second_point=result[0]['data']['right_wrist'], append_img_max_height_rate=1.5, 
                                            append_img_max_height=append_img_max_height)

    # 左手臂
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['right_elbow'], key_point_y=25, first_point=result[0]['data']['left_shoulder'], 
                                        second_point=result[0]['data']['left_elbow'],  append_img_max_height_rate=1.2)

    # 左手肘
    append_img_max_height = int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['left_shoulder'][0], result[0]['data']['left_shoulder'][1],
                                        result[0]['data']['left_elbow'][0], result[0]['data']['left_elbow'][1])*1.6)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['right_wrist'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['left_elbow'],
                                        second_point=result[0]['data']['left_wrist'], append_img_max_height_rate=1.5, 
                                         append_img_max_height=append_img_max_height)

    # 头
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['head'], key_point_y=10, first_point=result[0]['data']['head_top'],
                    second_point=result[0]['data']['upper_neck'], append_img_max_height_rate=1.2, middle_flip=True)

    # 身体
    append_img_reset_width = max(int(get_distences(result[0]['data']['left_shoulder'][0], result[0]['data']['left_shoulder'][1],
                                            result[0]['data']['right_shoulder'][0], result[0]['data']['right_shoulder'][1])*1.2), min_width*3)
    image_flag = append_img_by_sk_points(image_flag, body_img_path_map['body'], key_point_y=20, first_point=result[0]['data']['upper_neck'],
                    second_point=result[0]['data']['pelvis'], append_img_reset_width=append_img_reset_width, append_img_max_height_rate=1.2)
    
    result_img =  np.concatenate((image, image_flag), axis=1) 

    return result_img

pos_img_path = 'work/output_pose/body01.jpg'

result_img =  get_combine_img(pos_img_path, pose_estimation, body_img_path_map)
img_show_bgr(result_img, size=10)

4.输出结果
由于项目是前段时间做的运行完成界面没有保存，所以没办法展示，上传完了视频片段等待运行完毕后，可在下面选择直接下载，文件越大运行时间自然越长，输出结果如下图：