在Solaris中添加静态路由

Q. How do I add Static Routes under Solaris UNIX? My default gateway configured in /etc/defaultrouter, but what is the proper place to configure static routes for a Solaris UNIX server? Can you tell me exact configuration file name for a static routing?

A.. There are many ways to configure static routing under Solaris UNIX.

Task: Display current routing table

Use netstat command, enter:
# netstat -nr

Task: Delete a route

To delete a route, enter:
# route delete dest gateway
# route delete myhost myrouter

Method # 1: Set static routes using route command

Use route command to add static route on fly (dynamic modification of routing table), enter:
# route add dest gateway
# route add net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 10.20.110.1
# route add net 192.168.1.0 192.168.1.254
# route add host myhostname myrotername
The only drawback is static routes are not persistence i.e. routing will be deleted when Solaris box get rebooted.

//通过route add添加的路由在内核路由表中，可以通过netstat -r查看，重启系统后就会丢失

Method # 2: Set static routing using /etc/gateways configuration for in.routed

The file /etc/gateways is act as configuration file for /usr/sbin/in.routed IPv4 network routing daemon. All you have to do is put static route per line using following format:

net Nname[/mask] gateway Gname metric value <passive | active | extern>

Open config file:
# vi /etc/gateways
Append following entries:
net 192.168.1.0 gateway 192.168.1.254 metric 1 passive
net 10.0.0.0 gateway 10.20.110.1 metric 1 active

You must one of these keywords must be present to indicate whether the gateway should be treated as passive or active, or whether the gateway is external to the scope of the RIP protocol. A passive gateway is not expected to exchange routing information, while gateways marked active should be willing to exchange RIP packets. The keywoard passive should be used if you want the entry to be permanent.The keyword active should be used if you want in.routed to occasionally query the gateway host, and delte the route if it becomes inactive. See in.routed man page for further details.

Save and close the file. You can set default router in /etc/defaultrouter file.

Method #3 : Managing routing using routeadm command

Solaris has routeadm command which is used to administer system-wide configuration for IP forwarding and routing. IP forwarding is the passing of IP packets from one network to another; IP routing is the use of a routing protocol to determine routes. You need to use /etc/defaultrouter to setup the default route and /etc/gateways to set static routing. To start the in.routed, enter:
# routeadm -u -e ipv4-routing
To view current routing configuration, enter:
# routeadm
To stop the in.routed daemon, enter:
# routeadm -u -d ipv4-routing

Method # 4: Old way - Create a init script

Login as root and type the command:
# cd /etc/rc2.d/
# touch S99static-routes
# chmod +x S99static-routes
# vi S99static-routes
Write a shell script and append static route using route command itself:
#/bin/sh
route add net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.254 1
route add net 10.0.0.0 netmask 255.0.0.0 10.20.110.1
Save and close the file.

I recommend using method # 2 to create static routing under Solaris UNIX. See following man pages for further details:
$ man in.routed
$ man route
$ man gateways