本文深入探讨了离散系统理论，重点讲解了系统函数H(z)的概念、计算方法及其在离散系统分析中的应用。文章详细分析了系统函数的零点与极点对系统稳定性的影响，并介绍了朱里准则用于判断系统稳定性的方法。
文章目录
8.2. 系统函数 H(z)
8.2.1. 系统函数 H(z) 定义
- 定义：
F ( z ) → H ( z ) x = 0 → Y f ( z ) F(z) \to \boxed{\underset{x=0}{H(z)}} \to Y_f(z) F(z)→x=0H(z)→Yf(z)
H ( z ) = Y z s ( z ) F ( z ) H(z) = \frac{Y_{zs}(z)}{F(z)} H(z)=F(z)Yzs(z)
- 物理含义:
h ( k ) ↔ H ( z ) = ∑ k = 0 ∞ h ( k ) z − k h(k) \leftrightarrow H(z) = \sum^{\infty}_{k=0} h(k) z^{-k} h(k)↔H(z)=k=0∑∞h(k)z−k
H ( z ) = Z [ h ( k ) ] H(z) = \mathcal{Z}[h(k)] H(z)=Z[h(k)]
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计算方法:
- H ( z ) = Y z s ( z ) F ( z ) H(z) = \frac{Y_{zs}(z)}{F(z)} H(z)=F(z)Yzs(z)
- H ( z ) = Z [ h ( k ) ] H(z) = \mathcal{Z}[h(k)] H(z)=Z[h(k)]
- 由系统差分方程求 H ( z ) H(z) H(z)
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应用:
- 求 y z s ( k ) = Z [ Y z s ( z ) ] , Y z s ( z ) = H ( z ) F ( z ) y_{zs}(k) = \mathcal{Z}[Y_{zs}(z)],\; Y_{zs}(z)= H(z)F(z) yzs(k)=Z[Yzs(z)],Yzs(z)=H(z)F(z) ;
- 求 h ( z ) = Z − 1 [ H ( z ) ] h(z)= \mathcal{Z}^{-1}[H(z)] h(z)=Z−1[H(z)] ;
- 求 f ( k ) = Z − 1 [ F ( z ) ] , F ( z ) = Y z s ( z ) H ( z ) f(k) = \mathcal{Z}^{-1}[F(z)], \; F(z) = \frac{Y_{zs}(z)}{H(z)} f(k)=Z−1[F(z)],F(z)=H(z)Yzs(z) ;
- 表示系统特性：频率特性、稳定性等。
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分解:
f ( k ) = 1 2 π j ∮ c F ( z ) z z k d z , − ∞ < k < ∞ f({\color{red}k}) = \frac{1}{2\pi j} \oint_c \frac{F(z)}{z} z^{ {\color{red}k}} dz, \; -\infty < k < \infty f(k)=2πj1∮czF(z)zkdz,−∞<k<∞
- 基本信号 z k z^k zk :
z 0 k → h ( k ) → z 0 k ⋅ H ( z 0 ) z_0^k \to \boxed{h(k)} \to z_0^k \cdot H(z_0) z0k→h(k)→z0k⋅H(z0)
f ( k ) → h ( k ) → y f ( k ) f(k) \to \boxed{h(k)} \to y_f(k) f(k)→h(k)→yf(k)
- 任意信号:
1 2 π j F ( z ) z ⋅ z k → 1 2 π j F ( z ) z ⋅ z k H ( z ) \frac{1}{2\pi j} \frac{F(z)}{z}\cdot z^k \to \frac{1}{2\pi j} \frac{F(z)}{z} \cdot z^k H(z) 2πj1z
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