2021-01-28

HCIA 寒假静态路由
1、R1—R4均有两个环回
R1
192.168.1.49/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.63/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.64/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.65 LoopBack1
192.168.1.65/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
R2

192.168.1.32/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.33 LoopBack0
192.168.1.33/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.63/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
R3
192.168.1.96/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.113 LoopBack0
192.168.1.113/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.127/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.128/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.129 LoopBack1
192.168.1.129/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
R4
192.168.1.64/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.81 LoopBack0
192.168.1.81/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.95/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
192.168.1.96/27 Direct 0 0 D 192.168.1.97 LoopBack1

2、实验中所有的IP地址全部基于192.168.1.0 /24划分所得

3、R5的环回为5.5.5.5 /24且为ISP的地址
不能直接编写到达5.5.5.0/24的静态路由，R5为边界路由器,它的环回相当于ISP运营商的一个地址。所以需要写缺省路由，达到可以访问的目的。
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.21
[r3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.9
Error: The next-hop address is invalid.
[r4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14
[r5]interface LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip a 5.5.5.5 24
ping 5.5.5.5
PING 5.5.5.5: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to breaks
Reply from 5.5.5.5: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=254 time=30 mss
Reply from 5.5.5.5: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 5.5.5.5: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 5.5.5.5: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=254 time=20 ms
Reply from 5.5.5.5: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=254 time=20 ms
4、要全网可达
所以要给路由器写静态
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.1
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6
[r1]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.6

[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.22
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.22
[r2]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.22

[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.18
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.21
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.21
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.18
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.18
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.21
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.21
[r3]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.18

[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.5
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.17
[r4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17

[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.9
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.9
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.9
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.9
[r5]
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.13
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.20 30 192.168.1.13
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.13
[r5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
ping 192.168.1.10
PING 192.168.1.10: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=30 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=40 ms
Reply from 192.168.1.10: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=30 ms

— 192.168.1.10 ping statistics —
5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 30/34/40 ms

5、尽量减少路由条目，防止环路

将环回地址汇总从而减少路由条目