Servlet[SpringMVC]的Servlet.init（）引发异常

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本文解决了一个关于SpringMVC项目的Servlet初始化异常问题，该问题源于Java版本不匹配导致的UnsupportedClassVersionError错误。通过调整项目构建路径中Java编译器的合规级别与运行时Java版本一致，成功解决了该异常。

Servlet[SpringMVC]的Servlet.init（）引发异常

报错文本：
| 类型异常报告

消息 Servlet[SpringMVC]的Servlet.init（）引发异常

描述服务器遇到一个意外的情况，阻止它完成请求。

例外情况
javax.servlet.ServletException: Servlet[SpringMVC]的Servlet.init（）引发异常
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol $C o n n e c t i o n H a n d l e r . p r o c e s s (A b s t r a c t P r o t o c o l . j a v a : 868) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . n e t . N i o E n d p o i n t$ SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1590)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor $W o r k e r . r u n (T h r e a d P o o l E x e c u t o r . j a v a : 628) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . t h r e a d s . T a s k T h r e a d$ WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

根本原因。
java.lang.IllegalStateException: Cannot load configuration class: com.javaee.ch13.controller.CheckCodeController
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:393)
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:257)
org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:291)
org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:131)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:707)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:533)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol $C o n n e c t i o n H a n d l e r . p r o c e s s (A b s t r a c t P r o t o c o l . j a v a : 868) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . n e t . N i o E n d p o i n t$ SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1590)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor $W o r k e r . r u n (T h r e a d P o o l E x e c u t o r . j a v a : 628) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . t h r e a d s . T a s k T h r e a d$ WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

根本原因。
java.lang.UnsupportedClassVersionError: com/javaee/ch13/controller/CheckCodeController has been compiled by a more recent version of the Java Runtime (class file version 56.0), this version of the Java Runtime only recognizes class file versions up to 55.0 (无法载入的.类 [com.javaee.ch13.controller.CheckCodeController])
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClassInternal(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:2437)
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.findClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:865)
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1334)
org.apache.catalina.loader.WebappClassLoaderBase.loadClass(WebappClassLoaderBase.java:1188)
java.base/java.lang.Class.forName0(Native Method)
java.base/java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:398)
org.springframework.util.ClassUtils.forName(ClassUtils.java:284)
org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanDefinition.resolveBeanClass(AbstractBeanDefinition.java:469)
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.enhanceConfigurationClasses(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:389)
org.springframework.context.annotation.ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurationClassPostProcessor.java:257)
org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:291)
org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:131)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:707)
org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:533)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:702)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:668)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:716)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:591)
org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:530)
org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:170)
javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:542)
org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:92)
org.apache.catalina.valves.AbstractAccessLogValve.invoke(AbstractAccessLogValve.java:690)
org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:343)
org.apache.coyote.http11.Http11Processor.service(Http11Processor.java:374)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProcessorLight.process(AbstractProcessorLight.java:65)
org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol $C o n n e c t i o n H a n d l e r . p r o c e s s (A b s t r a c t P r o t o c o l . j a v a : 868) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . n e t . N i o E n d p o i n t$ SocketProcessor.doRun(NioEndpoint.java:1590)
org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketProcessorBase.run(SocketProcessorBase.java:49)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor $W o r k e r . r u n (T h r e a d P o o l E x e c u t o r . j a v a : 628) o r g . a p a c h e . t o m c a t . u t i l . t h r e a d s . T a s k T h r e a d$ WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:834)

):注意主要问题的全部 stack 信息可以在 server logs 里查看| |

报错页面部分截图: 在这里插入图片描述
如何解决：

如何解决:
定位到项目名，右击→Build Path→Configure Build Path…→输入compiler，点击Java Compiler→将compiler compliance level改为jdk版本（我的是11，所以改为11，若是刚好匹配，则下方无警告⚠）→Apply and close。重新运行项目即可。