yocto 为rootfs添加java与x11支持(基于TI am62xx平台)

原创已于 2022-12-27 10:27:33 修改 · 1k 阅读

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于 2022-12-27 10:00:01 首次发布

本文介绍如何为TI的am62xx-evm评估板构建支持X11服务的rootfs镜像，以运行带GUI的Java程序。主要内容包括在tisdk-base-image基础上添加X11支持的方法，解决构建过程中遇到的依赖问题，以及添加Java环境。

简介

去TI官方的技术论坛搜索了很多关于为根文件系统添加x11支持的帖子，丕过都没有能给出很好的解决方案。结合公司最近的需求，即为 TI的评估板（am62xx-evm）构建能运行带GUI的java包的rootfs镜像, 必需要系统支持x11服务，分享在TI 提供的tisdk-base-image的基础上添加x11,与java的实现过程。

实现思路

实现需求的思路也很清晰明确：

准备一个相对干净的实验环境，在这里指的是TI官方提供的的base image（tisdk-base-image），为了方便我们后续在平台上添加与验证各种软件包及其它特性。注意，务必先在服务器上成功构建一次，然后再做相应的实验，以减少直接去添加软件包出错后问题定位的难度。
在DISTRO_FEATURES 中移除wayland特性。
在DISTRO_FEATURES 中增加x11特性，这是运行带GUI的jar包所需要的。
添加meta-layer层来支持openjdk-8。
修改tisdk-base-image.bb，增加x11有关的软件包，xterm, xserver等，以及java软件包openjdk-8，推荐的实现是放在.bbapend中增加这些内容。
开始构建，出现依赖问题解决依赖。
将构建得到的image烧录到SD卡，启动板卡验证示例java程序是否能运行。

实现步骤

按官方的文档processor-sdk，使用processor-sdk-08.04.01.04-config.txt成功构建tisdk-base-image.
在DISTRO_FEATURES中增加x11，tisdk-base-image的配置中本身没有加入wayland，所以只需要加上x11，经过尝试，直接在local.conf中往DISTRO_FEATURES加入x11是不起作用的，它在构建过程会被优先解析，然而后面还会有文件将x11移除，有效的方式是在meta-arago/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/arago.conf中注释这行内容：
# DISTRO_FEATURES_remove = "x11"
添加x11后构建tisdk-base-image，会提示缺少libgl这个依赖：

ERROR: Nothing PROVIDES 'virtual/libgl' (but /home/jenkins/build/sdk/tisdk/sources/oe-core/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb DEPENDS on or otherwise requires it)
mesa-gl PROVIDES virtual/libgl but was skipped: PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgl set to mesa, not mesa-gl
mesa-gl PROVIDES virtual/libgl but was skipped: PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgl set to mesa, not mesa-gl
mesa PROVIDES virtual/libgl but was skipped: PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1 set to ti-sgx-ddk-um, not mesa
mesa PROVIDES virtual/libgl but was skipped: PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1 set to ti-img-rogue-umlibs, not mesa

这是由于加入x11特性后meta-arago/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/include/arago-prefs.inc文件中一些软件的PREFERRED_PROVIDER没有指定好，将egl,libgles1,libgles2,libgbm库都指定由mesa提供即可，解决方法如下：

diff --git a/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/include/arago-prefs.inc b/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/include/arago-prefs.inc
index f9fab020..4c462955 100644
--- a/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/include/arago-prefs.inc
+++ b/meta-arago-distro/conf/distro/include/arago-prefs.inc
@@ -15,17 +15,17 @@ PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgbm = "ti-sgx-ddk-um"
 PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/gpudriver = "ti-sgx-ddk-km"
 # J7 has a Rogue GPU core
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/egl_j7 = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1_j7 = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles2_j7 = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgbm_j7 = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/egl_j7 = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1_j7 = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles2_j7 = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgbm_j7 = "mesa"
 PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/gpudriver_j7 = "ti-img-rogue-driver"
 # am62xx has a Rogue GPU core
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/egl_am62xx = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1_am62xx = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles2_am62xx = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
-PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgbm_am62xx = "ti-img-rogue-umlibs"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/egl_am62xx = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles1_am62xx = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgles2_am62xx = "mesa"
+PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/libgbm_am62xx = "mesa"
 PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/gpudriver_am62xx = "ti-img-rogue-driver"
 # This is required when using keystone devices with graphical support

再次构建，会发现在cairo执行do_configure任务时报下面错误：

checking for cairo's PNG functions feature...
| checking for png... yes
| checking whether cairo's PNG functions feature could be enabled... yes
| checking for cairo's OpenGL surface backend feature...
| checking for gl... yes
| checking whether cairo's OpenGL surface backend feature could be enabled... yes
| checking for cairo's OpenGLESv2 surface backend feature...
| checking for glesv2... yes
| configure: error: use either --enable-gl=yes or --enable-glesv2=yes. Not both at the same time.
| NOTE: The following config.log files may provide further information.
| NOTE: /home/jenkins/build/sdk/tisdk/build/arago-tmp-external-arm-glibc/work/aarch64-linux/cairo/1.16.0-r0.arago1/build/config.log
| ERROR: configure failed

出错原因很明确，就是这句：
error: use either --enable-gl=yes or --enable-glesv2=yes. Not both at the same time.
只要想办法disable一项即可，在oe-core/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb作如下修改：

diff --git a/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb b/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb
index 4827374ffc..41c9229c5c 100644
--- a/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb
+++ b/meta/recipes-graphics/cairo/cairo_1.16.0.bb
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ PACKAGECONFIG[xcb] = "--enable-xcb,--disable-xcb,libxcb"
 PACKAGECONFIG[egl] = "--enable-egl=yes,--disable-egl,virtual/egl"
-PACKAGECONFIG[glesv2] = "--enable-glesv2,--disable-glesv2,virtual/libgles2"
+PACKAGECONFIG[glesv2] = "--disable-glesv2,virtual/libgles2"
 PACKAGECONFIG[opengl] = "--enable-gl,--disable-gl,virtual/libgl"
 PACKAGECONFIG[trace] = "--enable-trace,--disable-trace"

到这一步，支持x11特性的tisdk-base-image就能成功构建。
4. 增加x11特性后，还需要为image添加x11相关的工具如xserver, xterm等用于图形界面的绘制，有两处改动：

#第一处在oe-core目录下，添加 xclock,xterm这两个工具，xterm为必需的
diff --git a/meta/recipes-graphics/packagegroups/packagegroup-core-x11.bb b/meta/recipes-graphics/packagegroups/packagegroup-core-x11.bb
index cddf1932f3..e97fcfc317 100644
--- a/meta/recipes-graphics/packagegroups/packagegroup-core-x11.bb
+++ b/meta/recipes-graphics/packagegroups/packagegroup-core-x11.bb
@@ -33,4 +33,6 @@ RDEPENDS_${PN}-utils = "\
     xdpyinfo \
     xinput-calibrator \
     dbus-x11 \
+    xclock \
+    xterm \
     "
#第二处，添加xserver软件有关的group, 推荐放在.bbapend中
diff --git a/meta-arago-distro/recipes-core/images/tisdk-base-image.bb b/meta-arago-distro/recipes-core/images/tisdk-base-image.bb
index 8698816d..15adad3c 100644
--- a/meta-arago-distro/recipes-core/images/tisdk-base-image.bb
+++ b/meta-arago-distro/recipes-core/images/tisdk-base-image.bb
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ IMAGE_INSTALL += "\
     packagegroup-arago-base-tisdk \
     ${VIRTUAL-RUNTIME_initramfs} \
     ${@oe.utils.conditional('ARAGO_BRAND', 'mainline', 'ti-test', '', d)} \
+    packagegroup-core-x11-base \
 "
 export IMAGE_BASENAME = "tisdk-base-image"

修改后再次构建，至此java图形程序运行的基本环境搭建完成。

上述步骤成功后开始添加meta-java,增加openjdk-8工具，首先在source目录下用git 获取meta-java，并需要切换到dunfell分支：
git clone https://git.yoctoproject.org/meta-java；git checkout dunfell
参考meta-java下的README对配置文件做如下几处修改：

# 在build/conf/bblayers.conf中加入meta-java层
BBLAYERS += " \
        ...
        /home/jenkins/build/qiaoli/ti/sources/meta-java \
"

在build/conf/local.conf最后加入以下内容：

# Possible provider: cacao-initial-native and jamvm-initial-native
PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/java-initial-native = "cacao-initial-native"
# Possible provider: cacao-native and jamvm-native
PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/java-native = "jamvm-native"
# Optional since there is only one provider for now
PREFERRED_PROVIDER_virtual/javac-native = "ecj-bootstrap-native"
IMAGE_INSTALL_append = " openjdk-8"

最后需要在oe-core目录下对交叉编译选项做下面的修改以通过编译：

diff --git a/meta/conf/bitbake.conf b/meta/conf/bitbake.conf
index 91f003d6dd..228008a5a0 100644
--- a/meta/conf/bitbake.conf
+++ b/meta/conf/bitbake.conf
@@ -612,8 +612,7 @@ EXTRA_OEMAKE_prepend_task-install = "${PARALLEL_MAKEINST} "
 # Optimization flags.
 ##################################################################
 # Beware: applied last to first
-DEBUG_PREFIX_MAP ?= "-fmacro-prefix-map=${WORKDIR}=/usr/src/debug/${PN}/${EXTENDPE}${PV}-${PR} \
-                     -fdebug-prefix-map=${WORKDIR}=/usr/src/debug/${PN}/${EXTENDPE}${PV}-${PR} \
+DEBUG_PREFIX_MAP ?= " -fdebug-prefix-map=${WORKDIR}=/usr/src/debug/${PN}/${EXTENDPE}${PV}-${PR} \
                      -fdebug-prefix-map=${STAGING_DIR_HOST}= \
                      -fdebug-prefix-map=${STAGING_DIR_NATIVE}= \
 "

到此所有的修改已经完成，再次构建，等待完成。

构建完成后，参考create_SD_card，用bmap-tools将镜像写入到SD卡，然后将板子上电，验证此镜像是否能运行需要图形支持的jar包，步骤如下：

1. 板子的HDMI口接入显示器，给板子上电，启动系统
1. 在任意一个tty中运行下面命令启动X服务：
  X -retro :0 &
1. 成功后可以发现显示屏变成灰色条纹状，再运行下面命令测试jar包（JTattooDemo.jar）
  export DISPLAY=:0； java -jar JTattooDemo.jar
1. 显示器出现图形界面则验证通过。