Game of Nim with removal of one stone allowed

In Game of Nim, two players take turns removing objects from heaps or the pile of stones. 
Suppose two players A and B are playing the game. Each is allowed to take only one stone from the pile. The player who picks the last stone of the pile will win the game. Given N the number of stones in the pile, the task is to find the winner, if player A starts the game.
Examples : 
 

Input : N = 3.
Output : Player A

Player A remove stone 1 which is at the top, then Player B remove stone 2 
and finally player A removes the last stone.

Input : N = 15.
Output : Player A

For N = 1, player A will remove the only stone from the pile and wins the game. 
For N = 2, player A will remove the first stone and then player B remove the second or the last stone. So player B will win the game.
So, we can observe player A wins when N is odd and player B wins when N is even.
Below is the implementation of this approach: 
 

// C++ program for Game of Nim with removal
// of one stone allowed.
#include<bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;

// Return true if player A wins, 
// return false if player B wins.
bool findWinner(int N)
{
  // Checking the last bit of N.
  return N&1;
}

// Driven Program
int main()
{
  int N = 15;
  findWinner(N)? (cout << "Player A";): 
                 (cout << "Player B";);
  return 0;
} 

// JAVA Code For Game of Nim with
// removal of one stone allowed
import java.util.*;

class GFG {
    
    // Return true if player A wins, 
    // return false if player B wins.
    static int findWinner(int N)
    {
      // Checking the last bit of N.
      return N & 1;
    }
    
    /* Driver program to test above function */
    public static void main(String[] args) 
    {
        int N = 15;
        if(findWinner(N)==1)
            System.out.println("Player A"); 
        else
             System.out.println("Player B"); 
          
    }
}

// This code is contributed by Arnav Kr. Mandal.

# Python3 code for Game of Nim with
# removal of one stone allowed.

# Return true if player A wins, 
# return false if player B wins.
def findWinner( N ):
    
    # Checking the last bit of N.
    return N & 1
    
# Driven Program
N = 15
print("Player A" if findWinner(N) else "Player B") 

# This code is contributed by "Sharad_Bhardwaj".

// C# Code For Game of Nim with
// removal of one stone allowed
using System;

class GFG {
    
    // Return true if player A wins, 
    // return false if player B wins.
    static int findWinner(int N)
    {
        // Checking the last bit of N.
        return N & 1;
    }
    
    /* Driver program to test above function */
    public static void Main() 
    {
        int N = 15;
        
        if(findWinner(N) == 1)
            Console.Write("Player A"); 
        else
            Console.Write("Player B"); 
        
    }
}

// This code is contributed by vt_m.

<?php
// PHP program for Game of 
// Nim with removal of one
// stone allowed.

// Return true if player A wins, 
// return false if player B wins.
function findWinner($N)
{
    
// Checking the last bit of N.
return $N&1;
}

// Driver Code
$N = 15;

if(findWinner($N))
echo "Player A"; 
else
echo "Player B";

// This code is contributed by vt_m.
?>

<script>

// JavaScript program For Game of Nim with
// removal of one stone allowed

   // Return true if player A wins, 
    // return false if player B wins.
    function findWinner(N)
    {
    
      // Checking the last bit of N.
      return N & 1;
    }

// Driver code
        let N = 15;
        if(findWinner(N)==1)
            document.write("Player A"); 
        else
             document.write("Player B");
         
         // This code is contributed by sanjoy_2.
</script>

Output : 
 

Player A

Time Complexity: O(1).

Auxiliary Space: O(1)