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Lecture on Structural Design [Topic 4: Structures and Design with Iron and Steel] Lecture 6: Development of Long-Span Structures

伊藤拓海研究室

2024年5月9日 07:19

The principles and design of long-span structures are the same for both architecture and civil engineering.

This is teaching material (partial) for the lecture "Architectural Structural Design" at the Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering, Tokyo University of Science.

Return to Table of Contents
Topic 4: Ancient Structures with Stone and Wood
Lecture 1: From Experience to Science
Lecture 2: The Advent and Practice of Steel Materials
Lecture 3: Delicacy and Design of Steel Frames
Lecture 4: Long-Span Structures and Design
Lecture 5: The Magician of Iron, Eiffel
Lecture 6: Development of Long-Span Structures(Here)

Brooklyn Bridge

The Brooklyn Bridge, which connects Manhattan and Brooklyn in New York, is 487 meters long and was completed in 1883.
The Brooklyn Bridge has walkways on both sides, where many people pass by along with vehicles.
The walkway feels surprisingly spacious.

The presence of the main cables as a suspension bridge, and the spiderweb-like extension from the caisson pillars

The Brooklyn Bridge features wire ropes extending from the pillars, spread out like a spiderweb, creating a distinctive expression.
It is a hybrid structure of a suspension bridge and a cable-stayed bridge.
The wires use high-strength materials and are galvanized to improve durability.
The caissons (box-shaped structures) that serve as the pillars of the suspension bridge leave an impression on those who use the bridge due to their presence.

The structural expression of using a cable-stayed bridge with wire ropes creates a significant impression.
(Photo: Pixabay, https://pixabay.com/ja/)

Forth Bridge

In long-span structures, large bending moments occur due to the reaction forces around the pillars.
It is important to provide a structure that ensures strength and rigidity.

Bridges need to secure space under the bridge for ship navigation.
The Forth Bridge concentrates its structure on the pillars, securing space under the bridge between the pillars.
In this section, you can see the arch-shaped lower chord members.

Bridges spanning rivers or seas require space with height and width for ship navigation.
Strengthen the pillars and the surrounding structures, and lightly configure the space for navigation.
(Photo: Pixabay, https://pixabay.com/ja/)

The Forth Bridge seen from a distance has an unusual appearance.
This is a shape that makes sense from the perspective of the structural principles of long-span structures.

The structural principle of the Gerber beam is utilized in the Tokyo Gate Bridge.

This structural principle, known as the Gerber beam, is used not only for bridges but also as a structure for large-space architecture.
It can be seen in buildings such as the Centre Pompidou in Paris, the Renault Centre, and the Sakata City National Athletic Meet Memorial Gymnasium.

Centre Pompidou
(Photo: Pixabay, https://pixabay.com/ja/)

Renault Centre
The structural principle of the Gerber beam is also applied to the structural technology of modern large-space architecture.
(Photo: https://mobsea.com/)

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Laboratory SNS

Steel Structure Teaching Materials (E-book)

This is an e-book used in the Steel Structure class at Tokyo University of Science.
It is available for anyone to use. →Explanation Page
(Please click the PDF icon in the middle of the linked page)