Copyright Act Article 32: Quotation
1. Copyright Act Article 32, Paragraph 1
You may quote and use "published" works. When quoting, you should provide appropriate attribution (clearly indicate the source). Note that only published works can be quoted; unpublished works cannot be quoted (Article 32 of the Copyright Act).
Quoting an entire work is also possible. However, you should consider whether it "conforms to fair practice." Specifically, if you write a commentary article by quoting an entire painting or photograph, or write a critique by quoting an entire haiku, it is considered to "conform to fair practice." On the other hand, quoting an entire book is unlikely to be considered as "conforming to fair practice."
When the purpose is to provide commentary on the quoted work, it is necessary that (i) the commentary article and the quoted work are clearly distinguished, and (ii) the commentary article (the quoting side) is the primary material, and the quoted work is the secondary material.
Articles written in foreign languages can be translated and quoted (Article 47-6, Paragraph 2 of the Copyright Act). It is also considered possible to summarize and quote them.
2. Copyright Act Article 32, Paragraph 2
Works such as public relations materials created by the state, etc., for the purpose of informing the general public and published under the name of the state, etc., may be reprinted in publications as illustrative material.
Notifications, instructions, circulars, etc., issued by the state, etc., are excluded from the scope of copyright even if they are works, for the purpose of informing the general public (Article 13 of the Copyright Act). Here, public relations materials, etc., created by the state, etc., for the purpose of informing the general public are subject to copyright, but in principle, they are free to be reprinted.
However, the freedom to reprint is limited to "reprinting in publications" as "illustrative material."
・Copyright Act Article 32
(Quotation)
Article 32: Published works may be quoted and used. In this case, the quotation must conform to fair practice and must be within the scope justified by the purpose of the quotation, such as reporting, criticism, or research.
(2) Public relations materials, research and statistical materials, reports, and other similar works created by organs of the state or local public entities, incorporated administrative agencies, or local incorporated administrative agencies for the purpose of informing the general public and published under their names may be reprinted in newspapers, magazines, or other publications as illustrative material. However, this does not apply if there is an indication prohibiting such reprinting.
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