Stories of the Japanese 00728 [Late Kamakura Period] The Split of the Daikakuji Line
In June of the 4th year of Genko (1324), the retired Emperor Go-Uda, a key figure of the Daikakuji line, fell ill. With little time left, the retired Emperor called for the Crown Prince, Prince Kuniyoshi, to instruct him on the principles of kingship and to direct him to promote court officials who had been marginalized during the reign of Emperor Go-Daigo.
Around this time, the retired Emperor Go-Uda was in severe conflict with his second son, Emperor Go-Daigo, and appeared to dote on Prince Kuniyoshi, the orphaned son of his late eldest son, the retired Emperor Go-Nijo. While the retired Emperor Go-Uda was determined to have the imperial succession continue through his eldest son's line and viewed his second son, Emperor Go-Daigo, merely as a placeholder, Emperor Go-Daigo was thinking of eliminating his brother's line at the first opportunity to ensure his own descendants would inherit the throne.
June 25th. Concerned for his grandson's future, the retired Emperor Go-Uda passed away. His political rival, the retired Emperor Hanazono, wrote in his diary:
“(The retired Emperor Go-Uda) initially governed well, but in his later years, he fell into corrupt politics.”
While criticizing him thus, he also noted:
“He was a brilliant ruler of the final age. One cannot help but feel sorrow and regret.”
and praised his achievements.
August. Prince Kuniyoshi's close aide, Rokujo Aritada (1281–1339), acting on the late retired Emperor Go-Uda's wishes, departed for Kamakura. He went to seek the Shogunate's support to realize the abdication in favor of Prince Kuniyoshi.
Even so, why did both the retired Emperor Hanazono and the retired Emperor Go-Uda feel the need to seek the Shogunate's guidance for every little thing? The Shogunate had no intention of intervening in the Imperial Court's personnel or estates and always acted as if it were a nuisance, only making decisions that would save face for both lines. Yet, in this era, both the imperial family and the court nobles seemed to consult the Shogunate about everything as if it were a reflex. Was Emperor Go-Daigo the only one who was different?
As described above, the Daikakuji line split into two factions: the Go-Daigo faction and the Prince Kuniyoshi faction, leading to a three-way rivalry that included the Jimyoin line. However, the split of the Daikakuji line had a significance that went beyond merely changing a two-line rivalry into a three-line one. This is because, while the previous two lines had thought,
“We will manipulate the Shogunate and use its rulings to overwhelm the other faction,”
Emperor Go-Daigo, rather than relying on the Shogunate, was thinking of destroying it, standing at the pinnacle of all three lines, and creating an era of direct imperial rule.
Having lost the restraint of his father, the retired Emperor Go-Uda, Emperor Go-Daigo began to plot the overthrow of the Shogunate using his close aides, Hino Suketomo and Toshimoto.
