Stories of the Japanese 01279 [Muromachi/Yoshimitsu Period] Summary of the Yoshimitsu Period
I have finally reached the point where Yoshimitsu passes away. When one chapter ends, a feeling of 'Ah, I've really made progress' wells up. If you have read this far, I think you will empathize, but Yoshimitsu really has a nasty personality, doesn't he?
I have looked at the 16 years from the 5th day of the intercalary 10th month of Genchu 9/Meitoku 3 (1392), when Yoshimitsu realized the great undertaking left behind from his grandfather's generation—the unification of the Northern and Southern Courts—to the 6th day of the 5th month of Oei 15 (1408), when he met his sudden death. During this time, the Imperial Court endured Yoshimitsu's unreasonable demands.
In the first place, it was Nijō Yoshimoto who thought to draw out maximum financial support by fawning over Yoshimitsu, choosing to obtain practical benefits even at the cost of the Imperial Court's prestige. That Nijō Yoshimoto died in the 5th year of Genchu/Kakei 2 (1388), and it can be said that the bill for his policies came due after his death. While what Yoshimoto had envisioned was likely limited to abandoning the prestige of the regent families, it far exceeded his expectations, and Yoshimitsu even encroached upon the prestige of the Emperor and the Retired Emperor.
After the death of Nijō Yoshimoto, Nijō Morotsugu, who succeeded to the position of Kampaku, incurred Yoshimitsu's wrath and was forced to become a monk, and Ichijō Tsunetsugu, who succeeded him, was forced to continue pandering to Yoshimitsu's moods over the issue of honorary titles.
On the other hand, as an example of Yoshimitsu's strengthening of control over the warrior class, the destruction of one of the greatest powers, Ōuchi Yoshihiro, due to the Oei Rebellion can be cited. While the suppression of Yamana Ujikiyo in the Meitoku Rebellion was clearly a provocation on Yoshimitsu's side, it is not clear whether Yoshimitsu or Yoshihiro instigated the Oei Rebellion. In addition, after the rebellion, Imagawa Ryōshun was forced into house arrest.
Compared to the early Kamakura Shogunate, where Kajiwara Kagetoki, Hiki Yoshikazu, Hatakeyama Shigetada, and Wada Yoshimori were destroyed one after another, the Muromachi Shogunate also saw powerful shugo such as Shiba Takatsune, Niki Yoshinaga, Hatakeyama Kunikiyo, Hosokawa Kiyouji, Yamana Ujikiyo, and Ōuchi Yoshihiro become targets of suppression one after another. While the atmosphere is indeed similar, the major difference from the Kamakura Shogunate is
'In none of these rebellions was the clan itself completely destroyed, and succession of the family headship was permitted.'
that point.
Shiba Takatsune was not suppressed but rather appeased by having his son Yoshimasa installed as Kanrei, and Niki Yoshinaga was pardoned. Although Hatakeyama Kunikiyo, Hosokawa Kiyouji, and Yamana Ujikiyo were suppressed, the houses of Hatakeyama Yoshifuka, Hosokawa Yoriyuki, and Yamana Tokihiro remained. Imagawa Ryōshun was also placed under house arrest, but his nephew Yasunori succeeded to the family headship. And as for Ōuchi Yoshihiro, his younger brother Morimi, who should have resisted until the end, remains in power in Suō and Nagato to this day without any reprimand.
The Kamakura Shogunate destroyed powerful clans and concentrated all wealth in the Hōjō clan, but the Muromachi Shogunate, while defeating shugo who had become too powerful, distributed that wealth to other shugo and moderately dispersed power. In terms of the difficulty of dissatisfaction arising toward the Shogun's family, it appears to manage government affairs more skillfully than the Kamakura Shogunate, but it can also be said that the Shogun's family reigns upon a precarious balance.
