[Homework Notebook (Self-Study)] The Path to "Being Able To": Realizing Once Again That "Knowing" and "Being Able To" Are Completely Different Things
What I learned from the following "masocore" games (difficult but fun games / high-difficulty games that require constant retries / challenging games) that are designed to break your spirit.
SEKIRO: SHADOWS DIE TWICE
Bloodborne
DARK SOULS III
Demon’s Souls
Nioh
It is that, by repeatedly playing these high-difficulty games, I have once again painfully realized that
"Knowing" (a state of mere "knowledge")
and
"Being able to" (a state of "having acquired it as a skill")
are completely different things, even though it took me this long to truly grasp it (^^;
This applies to things other than games as well, but there are so many things in the world that we know how to do, yet cannot actually execute as intended (^^;
For example, in Geoff Colvin's bestseller "Talent Is Overrated",
"Talent Is Overrated" by Geoff Colvin, translated by Takashi Yoneda
it describes that there are stages for a person to acquire a skill, and the final stage is automation, where you can use your knowledge without conscious effort (@@)
"For example, when learning to do something new, such as driving a car, humans go through three stages.
In the first stage, you are required to pay attention to various things.
You must learn many things, such as how to control the car and traffic regulations."}]
In the second stage, you begin to connect your knowledge.
You become able to associate your knowledge of the car, the situation, and traffic regulations with various movements of your own body, and combine them smoothly.
In the third stage, you begin to drive the car automatically without thinking.
This is called automation.
In other words, even if you know how to do something, to become a high-skill holder, a long journey toward this automation awaits, which must be cleared through relentless exploration.
Furthermore, American psychologist Angela Duckworth states in her book 'Grit':
'Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance' by Angela Duckworth, translated by Akiko Kanzaki
She describes a more concrete method of trial and error, which is called deliberate practice.
According to this, experts, unlike ordinary people, are not just practicing; their practice is said to have the following characteristics:
1. Identify specific weaknesses and practice them intensively.
2. Receive thorough feedback on 'points that were not done well'.
3. Repeat practice specialized for that until you can do it.
In other words, the fact that they are performing the humble task of constantly clarifying the difference between their ideal and their current state, and gradually filling that gap through practice, is recorded there.
This is the essence of trial and error, and it is an essential activity for skill acquisition.
However,
'obvious and easy to execute'
and
'something that everyone executes as a matter of course'
are not the same thing.
Isn't the pattern of being full of motivation right after setting a goal, only to find yourself giving up before you know it, something we have all experienced? ^^;
Therefore, in this book,
"Nine Things Successful People Do Differently" (Columbia Business School Publishing) by Heidi Grant Halvorson, translated by Rejiri Hirofumi Hayashida
Methods to avoid giving up—in other words, habits you should practice to see things through—are picked out as the following nine points, so please use them as a reference.
1. Be specific about your goals
2. Create an action plan for achieving your goals
3. Be aware of the distance to your goal
4. Be a realistic optimist
5. Focus on "getting better"
6. Have "grit"
7. Build your willpower like a muscle
8. Don't push yourself too hard
9. Focus on what you should do rather than what you should stop doing
Each of these "nine habits" might feel surprisingly obvious.
Furthermore, putting each one into practice is not that difficult.
They are all simple, almost cliché, but because they are simple, they can also be said to be essential habits.
Therefore, if you wish to increase your goal achievement rate, I highly recommend this book (^^)
Recently, knowledge work has increased, and I suspect that in this era, especially in the field of technology, being unable to read literature, materials, specialized books, or interdisciplinary books that were not carefully crafted often becomes a fatal factor in one's work.
Therefore, using the aforementioned "nine habits" as a model, in order to acquire the necessary skills to overcome this point, from the perspective of the steps to develop one's own abilities: "knowing" -> "understanding" -> "being able to",
what kind of learning is necessary? And what kind of books should I refer to for that? I have taken the plunge and selected some books.
If you have any suggestions, such as other books that might be more appropriate for these habits, I would be happy if you could leave a comment (^^)
Question: "Understanding after reading is a special talent"
<Reference Books>
"How to Formulate Questions" (Chikuma Shinsho) by Koki Miyano
"Question Design: Facilitation for Creative Dialogue" by Yuki Anzai / Takayuki Shiose
"Questions Are the Answer: A Breakthrough Approach to Your Most Vexing Problems at Work and in Life" by Hal Gregersen, translated by Atsushi Kurowa
↓
1. Give specificity to goals: Clearly visualize the gap between your goal and your current self
<Reference Books>
"What It Means to Know: An Introduction to Epistemology" (Chikuma Gakugei Bunko) by Satosi Watanabe
"What Is This Thing Called Knowledge? An Introduction to Epistemology" by Duncan Pritchard, translated by Masashi Kasaki
"Philosophy of Knowledge" (Philosophy Textbook Series) by Kazuhisa Todoyama
↓
2. Create an action plan to achieve the goal: Use if-then planning for goal-oriented actions
<Reference Books>
"Living with Negative Capability: The Power to Pause Without Rushing for Answers" by Yoshihiro Tanigawa / Kitetsu Shu / Kazuya Sugitani
"Negative Capability: The Power to Endure Situations Without Answers" (Asahi Sensho) by Hōrai Hahakigi
"The Courage Not to Rush for Answers: A Recommendation for Negative Capability" by Junko Edahiro
↓
3. Be conscious of the distance to the goal: From to-date thinking to to-go thinking
<Reference Books>
"Classroom of Argumentation [Introductory Edition]: An Invitation to Informal Logic" by Tsuyoshi Kurata
"Introduction to Contemporary Epistemology: From the Gettier Problem to Virtue Epistemology" by Yoshinori Kamieda
"Attacking Faulty Reasoning: A Practical Guide to Fallacy-Free Arguments" by T. Edward Damer, supervised by Takuzo Konishi, translated by Mayuko Imamura
↓
(4) Become a realistic optimist: "If I do it, I can do it" is different from "If I do it, I can do it easily"
<Reference Books>
"Philosophy of Correctability" (Genron Sosho) by Hiroki Azuma
"The Power to Correct" (Asahi Shinsho) by Hiroki Azuma
"On Apology: What Does It Mean to Apologize?" by Tetsuya Furuta
↓
(5) Focus on "Growing": Abilities can be developed if you have "Grit" (see previous book)
<Reference Books>
"Grit: The Power of Passion and Perseverance" by Angela Duckworth, translated by Akiko Kanzaki
"The Art of Learning: An Inner Journey to Optimal Performance" by Josh Waitzkin, translated by Shuntaro Yoshida
"SKILL: A Master Surgeon's Guide to Learning Your Craft" by Christopher S. Ahmad, translated by Makoto Miyata
↓
(6) Have "Grit": "Being interested" is more important than "Enjoying it"
<Reference Books>
"Switchcraft: Harnessing the Power of Change to Master Your Life" by Elaine Fox, translated by Satsuki Kuriki
"The Essence of Language: How Words Were Born and Evolved" (Chuko Shinsho) by Mutsumi Imai / Kimi Akita
"On Mastery: People Can Learn and Grow Forever" by Dai Tamesue
"Words, Body, and Learning: What Does It Mean to 'Become Able To'?" (Fusosha Shinsho) by Dai Tamesue / Mutsumi Imai
↓
(7) Train your willpower like you train your muscles: Train your willpower
<Reference Books>
"Navigating 'Fairness': Is the Opposite of Justice Another Justice?" by Hee-Cheol Chu
"Injustice: The Social Bases of Obedience and Revolt" by Judith Shklar, translated by Yohei Kawakami / Megumi Numao / Masakazu Matsumoto
"Epistemic Injustice: Power and the Ethics of Knowing" by Miranda Fricker, supervised by Kunimasa Sato, translated by Rie Iizuka
↓
⑧ Do not corner yourself: Do not use negative expressions
<Reference Books>
"Understanding Philosophy: Citizenship - How Should We Utilize Democracy?" by Richard Bellamy, translated by Takahiro Chino and Dai Oba
"The Beginning of Philosophy of Language" (Iwanami Shinsho) by Shigeki Noya
"Human Language, Machine Language: Linguistics Before 'Talking to Artificial Intelligence'" (Kadokawa Shinsho) by Ai Kawazoe
↓
⑨ Focus on "what to do" rather than "what to stop doing"
<Reference Books>
"Succeed: How We Can Reach Our Goals" (Columbia Business School Publishing) by Heidi Grant Halvorson, translated by Rejiri Hirofumi Hayashida
"25 Questions to Train 'Non-Cognitive Skills' for Adults: Free Yourself from Life and Career Uncertainty" by Shigeko Bork
"You Can Do Both 'What You Want to Do' and 'What You Should Do'! The Thinking of Continuing" by Shinpachi Inoue
