[Explained with Scientific Evidence] Why is Cannabis Used in Medicine?

Hello, this is Cheddar.
In this article, I have summarized the theme of "Why is cannabis used in medicine?" in an easy-to-understand way based on the latest scientific evidence.

While the image of "cannabis = illegal drug" is deeply rooted in Japan, it is actually being used in medical settings around the world, and its effectiveness is being supported scientifically.

In this article, I will omit ambiguous information and introduce specific symptoms that are attracting attention in medical settings and the effectiveness of cannabis-derived components for them.

🔬 What are the active components of cannabis?

Cannabis contains over 100 types of components called **cannabinoids**. Among them, the ones receiving particular attention are:

• THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol): Has psychoactive effects (such as euphoria)

• CBD (Cannabidiol): No psychoactive effects (such as relaxation and anti-inflammatory effects)

These components interact with the **endocannabinoid system (ECS)** in our bodies, affecting various symptoms.

✅ Symptoms for which medical cannabis is considered effective

1. Refractory epilepsy (CBD)

In the United States, the **CBD preparation "Epidiolex"** has been approved by the FDA for pediatric refractory epilepsy (such as Dravet syndrome/Lennox-Gastaut syndrome). There is clinical data showing a significant reduction in the number of seizures. Also, in Japan, there are reports from patients whose seizures disappeared after taking CBD.

2. Chronic pain (THC or THC+CBD)

There are studies suggesting that the use of cannabinoids has a certain effect on long-term pain such as cancer pain or neuropathic pain. It becomes an option, especially in cases where other painkillers are ineffective.

3. Nausea and vomiting due to chemotherapy (THC)

Among the side effects associated with anticancer drug treatment, vomiting is particularly distressing. THC is also considered effective as an antiemetic, and there are many cases where it has been used in clinical settings.

4. Muscle stiffness in multiple sclerosis (THC+CBD)

In Europe, a medical spray called "Sativex" (containing THC+CBD) has been approved as a treatment for muscle spasticity caused by multiple sclerosis.

🧠 What is the Endocannabinoid System?

The human body has a neural regulatory network called the "Endocannabinoid System (ECS)" that maintains the body's balance (homeostasis).

The ECS is involved in sleep, pain, appetite, emotions, immunity, and more, and THC and CBD exert therapeutic effects by acting directly on this system.

🇯🇵 Current Status and Developments of Medical Cannabis in Japan

In 2023, the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare announced that it would proceed with the revision of the Cannabis Control Act to allow medical use limited to CBD products. As a result, medical cannabis has become a realistic possibility in Japan as well.

📚 References

1. National Academies of Sciences (2017). The Health Effects of Cannabis and Cannabinoids.

2. Devinsky et al. (2017). NEJM. DOI

3. Whiting et al. (2015). JAMA. DOI

4. Tramer et al. (2001). BMJ. DOI

5. Wade et al. (2004). Multiple Sclerosis Journal. DOI

6. Pacher et al. (2006). Pharmacological Reviews. DOI

7. Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (2021). Report on the Review of the Cannabis Control Act.

✍️ Conclusion

Perspectives on medical cannabis are changing significantly, both globally and scientifically.
With the right knowledge, we can approach it as a possibility rather than a prejudice.

I will continue to share "science-based stories about cannabis," so please follow if you are interested🌿