Difference between Immediate Settlement and Consolidation Settlement [Architect Examination]

Hello! I am Director Zero.

Today, I will explain the difference between immediate settlement and consolidation settlement.
Sometimes, a question like this appears on the exam.

Ground settlement includes immediate settlement and consolidation settlement; consolidation settlement occurs when sandy ground is compressed over a long period of time, causing a reduction in voids.

The correct answer is... X, but do you know why?
If someone with zero knowledge reads this, it's a confusing sentence.
Let's think about it together.

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Difference between immediate settlement and consolidation settlement

There are two types of settlement.

• Immediate settlement (sokuji chinka)

• Consolidation settlement (atsumitsu chinka)

As for how they differ, the easiest way to understand is the 'speed at which settlement occurs.' As the name suggests, you can remember that immediate settlement happens immediately.

• Immediate settlement => Settlement that occurs in a short time (sinks immediately)

• Consolidation settlement => Settlement that occurs over a long period of time (sinks slowly)

I will quote another article for a detailed explanation of immediate settlement and consolidation settlement!

Furthermore, which one, immediate settlement or consolidation settlement, is more likely to occur is determined by the 'type of soil'.

• Immediate settlement => More likely to occur in sandy ground

• Consolidation settlement => More likely to occur in clayey ground

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The problem statement says "consolidation settlement is in sandy ground," so that is incorrect.

Be careful, as this is a question targeting terms that are easily confused.

As a way to remember, it's good to imagine the phenomena of immediate settlement and consolidation settlement using familiar objects.

I want you to recall a sandbox in a park. It has loose sand, and when you step on the sandbox, it leaves a footprint.

In other words, it settled the moment you stepped on it (immediate settlement).

Also, I want you to recall playing with clay. Clay is sticky, and when you apply force, it deforms with a "squish".

If you remember that clay "deforms slowly," it will connect to consolidation.

Summary

Alright. Let's organize based on the information so far.

• Immediate settlement => Settlement that occurs in a short time (sinks immediately) => Likely to occur in sandy ground

• Consolidation settlement => Settlement that occurs over a long time (sinks slowly) => Likely to occur in clayey ground

You can solve problems like this.

📘 Are you feeling fuzzy about the "meanings of terms" in structural mechanics and architectural structures?
If you use study materials that can be understood with diagrams, it will sink into your head easily👇

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*Already purchased by over 26 people. You can look back at it anytime on your smartphone or PC.

Reference

Finally, I'll post the articles I referred to. See you later.

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