青天

Chinese

		green (blue, black); Qinghai province (abbrev.)	day; sky; heaven
trad. (青天)		青	天
simp. #(青天)		青	天
anagram		天青

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qīngtiān

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceng¹ tin¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chheng-thian

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cên¹ tin¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīngtiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄥ ㄊㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cingtian
    • Wade–Giles: chʻing¹-tʻien¹
    • Yale: chīng-tyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chingtian
    • Palladius: цинтянь (cintjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵ tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceng¹ tin¹
    • Yale: chēng tīn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tseng¹ tin¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: céng¹ tin¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛːŋ⁵⁵ tʰiːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chheng-thian
    • Tâi-lô: tshing-thian
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhengtiefn
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ³³ tʰiɛn³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻²² tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰiɪŋ⁴⁴⁻³³ tʰiɛn⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cên¹ tin¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsheⁿ thiⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰẽ³³⁻²³ tʰĩ³³/

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• Middle Chinese: tsheng then

Rime
Character	青	天
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	青 (125)	先 (85)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	IV
Fanqie	倉經切	他前切
Baxter	tsheng	then
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰeŋ/	/tʰen/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰeŋ/	/tʰen/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛŋ/	/tʰɛn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛjŋ/	/tʰɛn/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰeŋ/	/tʰen/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰieŋ/	/tʰien/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰieŋ/	/tʰien/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qīng	tiān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cing1	tin1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[s.r̥]ˤeŋ  l̥ˤi[n]|l̥ˤi[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰleːŋ  qʰl'iːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	青	天	天
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qīng	tiān	xiān
Middle Chinese	‹ tsheng ›	‹ then ›	‹ xen ›
Old Chinese	/*[s.r̥]ˁeŋ/	/*l̥ˁi[n]/	/*l̥ˁi[n]/ (W dialect: l̥ˁ- > Hàn-time *xˁ- > MC x-)
English	green or blue	heaven	heaven
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	青	天
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	11362	12387
Phonetic component	生	天
Rime group	耕	眞
Rime subdivision	0	1
Corresponding MC rime	靑	天
Old Chinese	/*sʰleːŋ/	/*qʰl'iːn/
Notes	說文從生丹，戴桐王筠皆雲從丹生聲

Noun

青天

1. blue sky

   • 背負青天而莫之夭閼者，而後乃今將圖南。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     背负青天而莫之夭阏者，而后乃今将图南。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Bèifù qīngtiān ér mò zhī yāo'è zhě, érhòu nǎijīn jiāng tú nán. [Pinyin]

     As it seemed to bear the blue sky on its back, and there was nothing to obstruct or arrest its course, it could pursue its way to the South.

Synonyms

edit

• 碧空 (bìkōng) (literary)
• 碧落 (bìluò) (literary, Taoism)
• 蒼天 / 苍天 (cāngtiān) (literary)
• 蒼旻 / 苍旻 (cāngmín) (literary)
• 蒼穹 / 苍穹 (cāngqióng) (literary)
• 藍天 / 蓝天 (lántiān)
• 青空 (qīngkōng) (literary)

Derived terms

• 包青天 (Bāoqīngtiān)
• 撥開雲霧見青天 / 拨开云雾见青天 (bōkāi yúnwù jiàn qīngtiān)
• 青天白日 (qīngtiānbáirì)
• 青天白日滿地紅 / 青天白日满地红 (qīngtiān báirì mǎndì hóng)

Proper noun

青天

1. (～村) Qingtian (a village in Muyu, Shennongjia, Hubei, China)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
青	天
せい Grade: 1	てん Grade: 1
kan'on	on'yomi

Alternative spelling
靑天 (kyūjitai)

Noun

青(せい)天(てん) • (seiten) 

1. blue sky

   Synonyms: 青空 (aozora), 碧空 (hekikū), 碧天 (hekiten), 碧虚 (hekyo), 碧霄 (hekishō), 蒼空 (sōkū), 蒼穹 (sōkyū), 蒼天 (sōten)

Korean

Hanja in this term
青	天

Noun

青天 • (cheongcheon) (hangeul 청천)

1. hanja form^? of 청천 (“blue sky”)

Vietnamese

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
青	天

Noun

青天

1. chữ Hán form of thanh thiên (“blue sky”)