德哥发布了大学生数据库实践课介绍 或
github主页，里面有专门的PostgreSQL本地学习镜像

该数据库镜像包括PostgreSQL 18及插件(pgvector, pgvectorscale, vectorchord, vectorchord-bm25, pg_tokenizer, pg_search, postgresml(不支持pg18, 暂未列入), pg_jieba, pg_bigm , pgroonga, postgis, 以及PG内置插件), DuckDB及插件(duckpgq, 目前仅DuckDB v1.4.1支持duckpgq插件) ;
拉取镜像命令行

root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/d# docker pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/digoal/opensource_database:pg18_amd64
Trying to pull registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/digoal/opensource_database:pg18_amd64...
Getting image source signatures
Copying blob 181dba553b29 done
Copying blob edefe7b1623b done
Copying blob 1a764cb3797b done
Copying blob b9270c04f295 done
Copying blob 383e32669f2a done
Copying blob c25bee1cbcbb done
Copying blob 499256b18824 done
Copying blob f7b16fb1577a done
Copying blob 677d10049058 done
Copying blob 080ea083aa37 done
Copying blob d31bdc613a4d done
Copying blob bf7a96a6ae2a done
Copying blob 0508b796e86a done
Copying blob f0d42e98cb50 done
Copying blob 0fab79948ba8 done
Copying blob d88b6d2324e0 done
Copying blob ac7654c1b32e done
Copying blob 54868e7f3770 done
Copying blob fc8dbe0630fc done
Copying config 5131e93ec7 done
Writing manifest to image destination
Storing signatures
5131e93ec7042211b7fdf6ae5336c01c0b31795fa2a323a5243fb77784b73e52
root@DESKTOP-59T6U68:/mnt/c/d#

运行容器参考上面链接的文章。