再一次接入微信开放平台，只是此次以消息为主，不涉及支付，如需看微信支付，请参考另一篇博文。
此篇博文涉及了微信公众号开发的基础功能部分，包括了服务器校验、获取access_token 、创建自定义菜单，接收微信公众平台的消息，并回复消息，主动推送模版消息等，在此基础上，可以按需回复或者推送各类消息。代码注释比较全，所以直接上代码：
首先是controller(实际应用中很多功能入口不是controller，此处是做测试而已)，其中/wechat/index的get方法是做服务器验证，post方法是接收微信服务器发送过来的消息
package com.dnkx.controller.wechat;
import com.dnkx.bo.WeChatTextMessageBO;
import com.dnkx.util.WechatUtil;
import org.apache.commons.lang.StringUtils;
import org.apache.commons.lang.SystemUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.Map;
/**
* Created by 李小拐 on 2017/4/18.
*/
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/wechat")
public class WeChatController {
private final static Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(WeChatController.class);
@Resource
private HttpServletRequest request;
@Value("${appId}")
private String appId;
@Value("${appSecret}")
private String appSecret;
/**
* 服务器签名验证
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/index",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String checkSignature(){
try {
// 接收微信服务器以Get请求发送的4个参数
String signature = request.getParameter("signature");
String timestamp = request.getParameter("timestamp");
String nonce = request.getParameter("nonce");
String echoStr = request.getParameter("echostr");
if (WechatUtil.checkSignature(signature,timestamp,nonce)){
logger.info("echoStr:{}",echoStr);
return echoStr;
}
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}
return "";
}
/**
* 接收微信消息
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/index",method = RequestMethod.POST,produces = "text/xml; charset=utf-8")
public String receiveMessage(){
String message = null;
try {
request.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
Map<String, String> map = WechatUtil.xmlToMap(request.getInputStream());
String toUserName = map.get("ToUserName");//微信公众号
String fromUserName = map.get("FromUserName");//openid
String msgType = map.get("MsgType");//接收到消息类型
String MsgId = map.get("MsgId");//消息id,64位整型
//消息类型：text(文本消息)、image(图片消息)、voice(语音)、
// video(视频)、shortvideo(小视频)、location(位置信息)、link(链接)、event(事件)
switch (msgType){
case "text":
//接收到的消息内容(文本消息特有字段)
String content = map.get("Content");
break;
case "event":
//事件类型：subscribe(关注)、unsubscribe(取消关注)、SCAN(扫描)、LOCATION(上报位置)、
// CLICK(点击自定义菜单拉取消息)、VIEW(点击自定义菜单跳转链接)
String event = map.get("Event");
switch (event){
case "subscribe":
//关注后的推送欢迎消息
WeChatTextMessageBO bo=new WeChatTextMessageBO();
bo.setToUserName(fromUserName);
bo.setFromUserName(toUserName);
bo.setCreateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
bo.setContent("欢迎关注小妮驿站，我们将竭诚为您服务！");
message=WechatUtil.BeanToXml(bo);
break;
case "unsubscribe":
//取消关注后的相关操作
logger.info("{}取消了关注",fromUserName);
break;
case "CLICK":
//获取事件的key(可以根据key值做后续操作)
String eventKey = map.get("EventKey");
break;
case "VIEW":
//获取事件KEY值，设置的跳转URL
String eventKey2 = map.get("EventKey");
logger.info("{}点击了view:{}",fromUserName,eventKey2);
break;
case "TEMPLATESENDJOBFINISH"://模版消息推送状态
logger.info("模版消息推送给 {} 的结果:{}",fromUserName,map.get("Status"));
break;
default:
break;
}
break;
default:
break;
}
// 将回应发送给微信服务器
if (message==null)message="success";
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
}
return message;
}
/**
* 获取access_token
*/
@RequestMapping(value = "/getAccessToken",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public void getAccessToken(){
WechatUtil.getAccessToken();
}
/**
* 创建自定义菜单
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/createMenu",method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String createMenu() throws Exception{
String redirectUri=URLEncoder.encode("http://test-admin.xxxx.cn/wechat/redirect","utf-8");
String url="https://open.weixin.qq.com/connect/oauth2/authorize?appid="+appId+"&redirect_uri="+redirectUri+"&response_type=code&scope=snsapi_base&state=dnkx#wechat_redirect";
String json="{\"button\":[{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"查询快递\",\"url\":\"http://www.xxxx.cn/\"},{\"name\":\"会员中心\",\"sub_button\":[{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"会员福利\",\"url\":\"http://www.xxxx.cn/b2b/h5/vip.html\"},{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"绑定手机\",\"url\":\""+url+"\"}]},{\"name\":\"关于我们\",\"sub_button\":[{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"关于我们\",\"url\":\"http://xxxxx.cn/weixin/h5/aboutUs.html\"},{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"app下载\",\"url\":\"http://a.app.qq.com/o/simple.jsp?pkgname=com.happy.activity\"},{\"type\":\"view\",\"name\":\"公司招聘\",\"url\":\"http://xxxx.cn/weixin/h5/employ.html\"}]}]}";
if (WechatUtil.createMenu(json)){
return "create menu success";
}else {
return "create menu fail";
}
}
/**
* 获取网页授权(此处即网页授权第1步里填写回调URL地址)
* @return
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/redirect")
public String redirect(){
String code = request.getParameter("code");
if (StringUtils.isBlank(code)){
return "fail";
}
Map map=WechatUtil.getAccessTokenByCode(code);
if (map!=null&&map.containsKey("access_token")){
String openId=map.get("openid").toString();//获取到的openId
// String accessToken=map.get("access_token").toString();//获取到的accessToken
request.setAttribute("openId",openId);
return openId;
}
return "fail";
}
/**
* 推送模版消息
*/
@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping(value = "/sendMessage")
public String sendMessage(){
WechatUtil.sendMessage();
return "finish";
}
}
然后是主要的工具类：
package com.dnkx.util;
import com.dnkx.common.bo.HttpExecResponse;
import com.dnkx.common.http.HttpClientExecutor;
import com.dnkx.common.utils.StrUtils;
import com.thoughtworks.xstream.XStream;
import org.apache.commons.codec.digest.DigestUtils;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.entity.ByteArrayEntity;
import org.dom4j.Document;
import org.dom4j.Element;
import org.dom4j.io.SAXReader;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.RedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.util.*;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.StampedLock;
/**
* Created by 李小拐 on 2017/4/18.
*/
@Component
public class WechatUtil {
private final static Logger logger= LoggerFactory.getLogger(WechatUtil.class);
private final static String accessToken="WECHAT_ACCESS_TOKEN";
@Resource
private RedisTemplate tokenRedisTemplate;
@Value("${token}")
private String token;
@Value("${appId}")
private String appId;
@Value("${appSecret}")
private String appSecret;
private static WechatUtil wechatUtil;
@PostConstruct
public void init() {
wechatUtil = this;
wechatUtil.token=this.token;
wechatUtil.appId=this.appId;
wechatUtil.appSecret=this.appSecret;
wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate = this.tokenRedisTemplate;
}
/**
* 签名验证
* @param signature
* @param timestamp
* @param nonce
* @return
*/
public static boolean checkSignature(String signature,String timestamp,String nonce){
String[] arr = new String[] { wechatUtil.token, timestamp, nonce };
// 排序
Arrays.sort(arr);
// 生成字符串
StringBuilder content = new StringBuilder();
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
content.append(arr[i]);
}
// sha1加密
String temp = DigestUtils.sha1Hex(content.toString());
logger.info("接收到的signature:{}",signature);
logger.info("参数签名后的signature:{}",temp);
return temp.equals(signature); // 与微信传递过来的签名进行比较
}
/**
* 获取AccessToken
* @return
*/
public static void getAccessToken(){
try {
if (!wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.hasKey(accessToken)) {
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/token?grant_type=client_credential&appid=" + wechatUtil.appId + "&secret=" + wechatUtil.appSecret;
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
HttpExecResponse executeResult = HttpClientExecutor.execute(httpGet);
if (null != executeResult && executeResult.isSuccess()) {
String result = executeResult.getData();
logger.info("get AccessToken result:{}", result);
Map map = StrUtils.fromJson(result, Map.class);
if (map.containsKey("access_token")) {
wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(accessToken, map.get("access_token").toString(), 7000, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
}
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error("getAccessToken error",e);
}
}
/**
* 创建自定义菜单
* @param jsonContent json格式字符串，具体请参照开发文档
* @return
*/
public static boolean createMenu(String jsonContent){
if (!wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.hasKey(accessToken)){
WechatUtil.getAccessToken();
}
String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/menu/create?access_token="+wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(accessToken);
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(jsonContent.getBytes()));
HttpExecResponse executeResult = HttpClientExecutor.execute(httpPost, 1000, 2000);
if (null != executeResult && executeResult.isSuccess()) {
String result = executeResult.getData();
logger.info("createMenu result:{}",result);
Map map=StrUtils.fromJson(result,Map.class);
if (map.get("errmsg").toString().equals("ok")){
return true;
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error("createMenu error",e);
}
return false;
}
/**
* 网页授权：通过code换取网页授权access_token和用户openId
* @param code
* @return
*/
public static Map getAccessTokenByCode(String code){
String url = "https://api.weixin.qq.com/sns/oauth2/access_token?appid="+wechatUtil.appId+"&secret="+wechatUtil.appSecret+"&code="+code+"&grant_type=authorization_code";
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
HttpExecResponse executeResult = HttpClientExecutor.execute(httpGet);
if (null != executeResult && executeResult.isSuccess()) {
String result = executeResult.getData();
Map map = StrUtils.fromJson(result, Map.class);
return map;
}
return null;
}
/**
* 发送模版消息
* @return
*/
public static boolean sendMessage(){
if (!wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.hasKey(accessToken)){
WechatUtil.getAccessToken();
}
String url="https://api.weixin.qq.com/cgi-bin/message/template/send?access_token="+wechatUtil.tokenRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(accessToken);
String content="{\"touser\":\"o94Cev7D_e6vzjZ-qzZfUHAUFst4\",\"template_id\":\"4JkY9NUvF8tXI7fAPfTXUUnCE-C6AD4KhgQqEymqgEI\",\"data\":{\"first\":{\"value\":\"恭喜你购买成功！\",\"color\":\"#173177\"}}}";
try {
HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost(url);
httpPost.setEntity(new ByteArrayEntity(content.getBytes()));
HttpExecResponse executeResult = HttpClientExecutor.execute(httpPost, 1000, 2000);
if (null != executeResult && executeResult.isSuccess()) {
String result = executeResult.getData();
Map map=StrUtils.fromJson(result,Map.class);
if (map.get("errmsg").toString().equals("ok")){
return true;
}
}
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error("sendMessage error",e);
}
return false;
}
/**
* xml转map
* @param ins
* @return
* @throws Exception
*/
public static Map xmlToMap(InputStream ins) throws Exception{
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
SAXReader reader = new SAXReader(); // 使用dom4j解析xml
Document doc = reader.read(ins);
Element root = doc.getRootElement(); // 获取根元素
List<Element> list = root.elements(); // 获取所有节点
for (Element e : list) {
map.put(e.getName(), e.getText());
//logger.info(e.getName() + ":" + e.getText());
}
logger.info("{}",map);
return map;
}
/**
* Bean转xml
* @param t
* @param <T>
* @return
*/
public static <T> String BeanToXml(T t){
try {
XStream xstream = new XStream();
xstream.alias("xml", t.getClass());
String xml = xstream.toXML(t);
return xml;
}catch (Exception e){
logger.error(e.getMessage(),e);
return null;
}
}
}
下面是回复文本消息用到的bo对象，如果需要回复其他类型的消息，构建相应bo对象就行了：
package com.dnkx.bo;
/**
* Created by 李小拐 on 2017/4/20.
* 回复微信消息
*/
public class WeChatBaseMessageBO {
private String ToUserName;
private String FromUserName;
private Long CreateTime;
private String MsgType;
public String getToUserName() {
return ToUserName;
}
public void setToUserName(String toUserName) {
ToUserName = toUserName;
}
public String getFromUserName() {
return FromUserName;
}
public void setFromUserName(String fromUserName) {
FromUserName = fromUserName;
}
public Long getCreateTime() {
return CreateTime;
}
public void setCreateTime(Long createTime) {
CreateTime = createTime;
}
public String getMsgType() {
return MsgType;
}
public void setMsgType(String msgType) {
MsgType = msgType;
}
}
package com.dnkx.bo;
/**
* Created by 李小拐 on 2017/4/20.
*/
public class WeChatTextMessageBO extends WeChatBaseMessageBO{
public WeChatTextMessageBO(){
this.setMsgType("text");
}
private String Content;
public String getContent() {
return Content;
}
public void setContent(String content) {
Content = content;
}
}
基本功能都在代码里了，只是测试代码，但都亲测通过，基于此代码加上实际需要的业务逻辑就行了(我接下来是基于此做模版消息推送，自动回复，和客服消息)。
最后，仅供参考！仅供参考！仅供参考！
扫一扫
2039
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
