闈㈣瘯瀹橈細Java鏍稿績鐭ヨ瘑銆丣UC銆丣VM銆丼pring鍏ㄥ妗跺叏闂簡涓�閬嶏紝璋㈤鏈洪《浣忎簡鍚楋紵

闈㈣瘯瀹橈細Java鏍稿績鐭ヨ瘑銆丣UC銆丣VM銆丼pring鍏ㄥ妗跺叏闂簡涓�閬嶏紝璋㈤鏈洪《浣忎簡鍚楋紵

鍦烘櫙锛氭煇浜掕仈缃戝ぇ鍘備細璁锛岄槼鍏夋枩鐓э紝姘旀皼鍑濋噸銆傞潰璇曞畼闈㈡棤琛ㄦ儏鍦扮炕鐫�绠�鍘嗭紝瀵归潰鍧愮潃涓�浣嶇┛鐫�鏍煎瓙琛�佺溂绁為蹇界殑绋嬪簭鍛樷�斺�旇阿椋炴満銆俓n

绗竴杞細Java 鍩虹绋充笉绋筹紵

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氳阿椋炴満鏄惂锛熷厛鏉ョ偣鍩虹鐨勭儹鐑韩銆俙HashMap` 鐨勫簳灞傜粨鏋勬槸浠�涔堬紵涓轰粈涔� JDK8 瑕佸紩鍏ョ孩榛戞爲锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氬憙鈥︹�ashMap 鏄暟缁勫姞閾捐〃锛屽摝涓嶅锛屾槸鏁扮粍 + 閾捐〃 + 绾㈤粦鏍戯紒JDK8 寮曞叆绾㈤粦鏍戞槸鍥犱负閾捐〃澶暱浜嗕細鍙樻參锛屾墍浠ヨ浆鎴愮孩榛戞爲鏇村揩锛佸氨鍍忊�︹�︿粠涔￠棿灏忚矾鍗囩骇鎴愰珮閫熷叕璺紒

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛堝井寰偣澶达級锛氳繕琛屻�傞偅 ConcurrentHashMap 鍦� JDK7 鍜� JDK8 鏈変粈涔堝尯鍒紵

璋㈤鏈�锛欽DK7 鏄垎娈甸攣锛孲egment鈥︹�︽瘡涓� Segment 鐩稿綋浜庝竴涓皬 HashMap锛岄攣绮掑害姣旀暣涓� table 灏忋�侸DK8 鏀规垚浜� CAS + synchronized锛岀洿鎺ュ node 鍔犻攣锛屾洿杞婚噺锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氫笉閿欍�傞偅 ArrayList 鍜� LinkedList 鐨勫尯鍒紵浠�涔堝満鏅敤鍝釜锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛欰rrayList 鏄暟缁勶紝鏌ヨ蹇紝澧炲垹鎱紱LinkedList 鏄弻鍚戦摼琛紝澧炲垹蹇紝鏌ヨ鎱€�傚鏋滈绻佹煡绗�100涓厓绱狅紝鐢� ArrayList锛涘鏋滈绻佸湪涓棿鎻掑叆鍒犻櫎锛屾瘮濡傝亰澶╄褰曗�︹�︾敤 LinkedList锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氬媺寮哄強鏍笺�俓n

绗簩杞細骞跺彂缂栫▼锛屼綘鐪熺殑鎳傚悧锛焅n

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氳璇� volatile 鍏抽敭瀛楃殑浣滅敤锛熷畠鑳戒繚璇佸師瀛愭�у悧锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛歷olatile 鑳戒繚璇佸彲瑙佹�у拰鏈夊簭鎬э紒姣斿涓�涓彉閲忚淇敼锛屽叾浠栫嚎绋嬮┈涓婅兘鐪嬪埌銆備絾瀹冧笉鑳戒繚璇佸師瀛愭�э紝鍍� i++ 杩欑鎿嶄綔锛屽氨绠楀姞浜� volatile 涔熶細鍑洪敊锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氶偅鎬庝箞淇濊瘉鍘熷瓙鎬э紵

璋㈤鏈�锛氫笂閿侊紒synchronized锛屾垨鑰呯敤 AtomicInteger锛屽唴閮ㄦ槸 CAS 瀹炵幇鐨勶紒

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氱嚎绋嬫睜鐨勬牳蹇冨弬鏁版湁鍝簺锛熸嫆缁濈瓥鐣ユ湁鍑犵锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛歝orePoolSize銆乵aximumPoolSize銆亀orkQueue銆乲eepAliveTime銆乼hreadFactory銆乭andler銆傛嫆缁濈瓥鐣モ�︹�︽湁鍥涚锛丄bortPolicy銆丆allerRunsPolicy銆丏iscardPolicy銆丏iscardOldestPolicy锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氬鏋滈槦鍒楁弧浜嗭紝涓旂嚎绋嬫暟杈惧埌鏈�澶э紝鏂颁换鍔℃潵浜嗕細鎬庢牱锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氱湅鎷掔粷绛栫暐锛丄bortPolicy 灏辨槸鎶涘紓甯革紝CallerRunsPolicy 鏄鎻愪氦浠诲姟鐨勭嚎绋嬭嚜宸辨墽琛屸�︹�n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氶偅 cachedThreadPool 涓轰粈涔堜笉閫傚悎鍋氬ぇ閲忛暱鏃堕棿浠诲姟锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氬洜涓衡�︹�﹀畠鏄棤闄愮嚎绋嬫睜锛焟aximumPoolSize 鏄� Integer.MAX_VALUE锛屽鏄� OOM锛佽�屼笖绾跨▼绌洪棽60绉掑氨鍥炴敹锛屼笉绋冲畾锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氳繕鐭ラ亾鐐逛笢瑗裤�俓n

绗笁杞細Spring + 涓棿浠讹紝鐏甸瓊鎷烽棶锛乗n

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛歋pring Bean 鐨勪綔鐢ㄥ煙鏈夊摢浜涳紵鍗曚緥 Bean 鏄嚎绋嬪畨鍏ㄧ殑鍚楋紵

璋㈤鏈�锛歴ingleton銆乸rototype銆乺equest銆乻ession銆乤pplication鈥︹�﹀崟渚� Bean 涓嶆槸绾跨▼瀹夊叏鐨勶紒濡傛灉瀹冩湁鎴愬憳鍙橀噺锛屽涓嚎绋嬪悓鏃舵敼灏变細鍑洪棶棰橈紒

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛歋pring Boot 鑷姩瑁呴厤鐨勫師鐞嗭紵

璋㈤鏈�锛欯EnableAutoConfiguration 娉ㄨВ锛屼細鍔犺浇 META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports 閲岄潰鐨勯厤缃被锛岀劧鍚庢牴鎹潯浠舵敞瑙� @ConditionalOnClass銆丂ConditionalOnMissingBean 鍐冲畾鏄惁鍒涘缓 Bean锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛欴ubbo 鐨勮礋杞藉潎琛＄瓥鐣ユ湁鍝簺锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氶殢鏈恒�佽疆璇€�佹渶灏戞椿璺冭皟鐢ㄣ�佷竴鑷存�у搱甯屸�︹�﹂粯璁ゆ槸闅忔満锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛歊abbitMQ 濡備綍闃叉娑堟伅涓㈠け锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氱敓浜ц�呭紑鍚� confirm 妯″紡锛孧Q 寮�鍚寔涔呭寲锛屾秷璐硅�呮墜鍔� ack锛佷笁姝ヨ蛋锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛歊edis 鐨勭紦瀛樼┛閫忔�庝箞瑙ｅ喅锛焅n 璋㈤鏈�锛氬竷闅嗚繃婊ゅ櫒锛佸厛鍒ゆ柇 key 瀛樹笉瀛樺湪锛屼笉瀛樺湪灏变笉鏌ユ暟鎹簱锛佽繕鏈夆�︹�︾紦瀛樼┖鍊硷紝浣嗗緱璁剧煭杩囨湡鏃堕棿锛乗n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛歁ySQL 鐨勭储寮曞け鏁堝満鏅紵

璋㈤鏈�锛氬乏妯＄硦 like '%abc'銆佺被鍨嬭浆鎹€�佸嚱鏁版搷浣滃瓧娈点�乷r 鏉′欢娌￠兘寤虹储寮曘�佽仈鍚堢储寮曟病璧版渶宸﹀墠缂�鈥︹�n 闈㈣瘯瀹�锛欴ocker 鍜� Linux 瀹瑰櫒鐨勫叧绯伙紵

璋㈤鏈�锛欴ocker 鏄鍣ㄥ紩鎿庯紝鍩轰簬 Linux 鐨� namespace 鍜� cgroup 瀹炵幇闅旂鍜岃祫婧愰檺鍒讹紒

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛氭渶鍚庝竴涓棶棰橈細DDD 鐨勮仛鍚堟牴鏄粈涔堬紵

璋㈤鏈�锛氬憙鈥︹�﹁仛鍚堟牴灏辨槸涓�涓�︹�﹁兘绠＄悊鍏朵粬瀹炰綋鐨勫璞★紵姣斿璁㈠崟鏄仛鍚堟牴锛岃鍗曢」褰掑畠绠★紝澶栭儴鍙兘閫氳繃璁㈠崟鎿嶄綔璁㈠崟椤癸紒

闈㈣瘯瀹�锛堝悎涓婄瑪璁版湰锛夛細鍡�︹�︿粖澶╁氨鍒拌繖閲屻�備綘鐨勫熀纭�鐭ヨ瘑杩樼畻鎵庡疄锛屼絾娣卞害涓嶅锛岃璁℃�濇兂妯＄硦銆傛垜浠細灏藉揩閫氱煡浣犵粨鏋溿�俓n 璋㈤鏈�锛堢珯璧锋潵闉犺含锛夛細璋㈣阿闈㈣瘯瀹橈紒鎴戝洖鍘荤瓑閫氱煡锛乗n

馃 鍙傝�冪瓟妗堣瑙ｏ紙灏忕櫧涔熻兘瀛︿細锛塡n

1. HashMap 搴曞眰缁撴瀯

• JDK8 涔嬪墠锛氭暟缁� + 閾捐〃
• JDK8 涔嬪悗锛氭暟缁� + 閾捐〃 + 绾㈤粦鏍慭n- 褰撻摼琛ㄩ暱搴� 鈮� 8 涓旀暟缁勯暱搴� 鈮� 64 鏃讹紝閾捐〃杞孩榛戞爲锛屾彁楂樻煡鎵炬晥鐜囷紙O(n) 鈫� O(log n)锛塡n

2. ConcurrentHashMap 宸紓

• JDK7锛歋egment 鍒嗘閿侊紝姣忎釜 Segment 鐙珛鍔犻攣
• JDK8锛欳AS + synchronized锛岄攣绮掑害鏇寸粏锛屾�ц兘鏇村ソ

3. volatile 涓庡師瀛愭�n- volatile锛氫繚璇佸彲瑙佹�э紙MESI 鍗忚锛夈�佺姝㈡寚浠ら噸鎺掞紙鍐呭瓨灞忛殰锛塡n- 涓嶄繚璇佸師瀛愭�э細i++ 鍖呭惈璇汇�佹敼銆佸啓涓夋锛岄渶 synchronized 鎴� Atomic 绫籠n

4. 绾跨▼姹犲弬鏁癨n- corePoolSize锛氭牳蹇冪嚎绋嬫暟

• maxPoolSize锛氭渶澶х嚎绋嬫暟
• workQueue锛氶樆濉為槦鍒楋紙ArrayBlockingQueue銆丩inkedBlockingQueue 绛夛級
• handler锛氭嫆缁濈瓥鐣n

5. Spring Bean 浣滅敤鍩焅n- singleton锛氬叏灞�鍞竴锛堥粯璁わ級

• prototype锛氭瘡娆¤幏鍙栭兘鏂板缓
• request/session锛歐eb 绾у埆浣滅敤鍩焅n

6. Spring Boot 鑷姩瑁呴厤

• SPI 鏈哄埗鍔犺浇 AutoConfiguration 绫籠n- 鏉′欢瑁呴厤鍐冲畾鏄惁娉ㄥ叆 Bean
• starter 绠�鍖栦緷璧栧紩鍏n

7. RabbitMQ 娑堟伅鍙潬鎬n- 鐢熶骇鑰� confirm 妯″紡

• Broker 鎸佷箙鍖栵紙exchange銆乹ueue銆乵essage锛塡n- 娑堣垂鑰� manual ack

8. Redis 缂撳瓨绌块�廫n- 甯冮殕杩囨护鍣細蹇�熷垽鏂� key 鏄惁瀛樺湪

• 缂撳瓨绌哄�硷細闃叉閲嶅鏌ヨ鏁版嵁搴揬n

9. MySQL 绱㈠紩澶辨晥

• 鏈�宸﹀墠缂�鍘熷垯鐮村潖
• 鍑芥暟鎿嶄綔瀛楁锛歐HERE YEAR(create_time) = 2024
• 闅愬紡绫诲瀷杞崲锛氬瓧绗︿覆瀛楁浼犳暟瀛梊n- OR 鏉′欢閮ㄥ垎鏃犵储寮昞n

10. DDD 鑱氬悎鏍筡n- 鑱氬悎锛氫竴缁勭浉鍏冲璞＄殑闆嗗悎

• 鑱氬悎鏍癸細瀵瑰鍞竴璁块棶鐐癸紝璐熻矗缁存姢鑱氬悎鍐呯殑涓�鑷存�n- 涓句緥锛氳鍗曪紙Order锛夋槸鑱氬悎鏍癸紝鍖呭惈璁㈠崟椤癸紙OrderItem锛夛紝澶栭儴鍙兘閫氳繃 Order 淇敼 OrderItem

鎬荤粨锛氶潰璇曚笉鏄儗鍏偂锛岃�屾槸鐞嗚В鏈川銆傝阿椋炴満铏界劧鑳¤█涔辫锛屼絾绛斿嚭浜嗗叧閿偣銆備綘锛屽噯澶囧ソ浜嗗悧锛�