伯努利随机过程定义
A Bernoulli process is an iid sequence of Bernoulli random variables. 这里 iid 的含义是:
In probability theory and statistics, a sequence or other collection of random variables is independent and identically distributed (iid) if each random variable has the same probability distribution as the others and all are mutually independent.
类似于以下几种场景的模型可以使用伯努利过程:
- Sequence of lottery wins/losses
- Arrivals (each second) to a bank
- Arrivals (at each time slot) to a server
伯努利过程具有 Fresh-Start (Memoryless) 属性,this property usually refers to the cases when the distribution of a “waiting time” until a certain event, does not depend on how much time has elapsed already.
伯努利过程中涉及到的相关随机变量的分布
Number of Arrivals and First Arrival Time
- Let T be the first arrival time, then T∼geometric(p)
- Let Sn be the number of arrivals from time 1 to time n. Then, Sn∼bino

伯努利过程是独立同分布的伯努利随机变量序列,常用于模拟彩票中奖、银行客户到达等场景。其具有Fresh-Start性质,使得等待时间分布独立于已过去的时间。文中介绍了伯努利过程中的关键随机变量分布,如首次到达时间T服从几何分布,忙碌期长度B也服从几何分布,而空闲期长度I则与B分布相同。此外,到达时间和间隔时间也是几何分布,构成独立同分布的序列。

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