Array.toString和数组.toString和hashCode详解

在leetcode第一题（链接）中，遇到了一个Array.toString(result)和result.toString的结果不一致的问题，百度之后没有很清晰的认知，只知道结果看似是乱码，但其实是与hashCode或者内存地址有关的或者是有意义的结果。最近在学习java object类的时候学到：所有类直接或间接地继承了Object类，且Object类的方法中toString方法可以被所有类重写，感觉会对理解上述问题有帮助，于是研究了一下object和array的源码，总结如下。

1. java.lang.Object
   toString():

 /**
     * Returns a string representation of the object. In general, the
     * {@code toString} method returns a string that
     * "textually represents" this object. The result should
     * be a concise but informative representation that is easy for a
     * person to read.
     * It is recommended that all subclasses override this method.
     * <p>
     * The {@code toString} method for class {@code Object}
     * returns a string consisting of the name of the class of which the
     * object is an instance, the at-sign character `{@code @}', and
     * the unsigned hexadecimal representation of the hash code of the
     * object. In other words, this method returns a string equal to the
     * value of:
     * <blockquote>
     * <pre>
     * getClass().getName() + '@' + Integer.toHexString(hashCode())
     * </pre></blockquote>
     *
     * @return  a string representation of the object.
     */
    public String toString() {
        return getClass().getName() + "@" + Integer.toHexString(hashCode());
    }

2. java.util.Arrays
   toString():

/**
     * Returns a string representation of the contents of the specified array.
     * The string representation consists of a list of the array's elements,
     * enclosed in square brackets (<tt>"[]"</tt>).  Adjacent elements are
     * separated by the characters <tt>", "</tt> (a comma followed by a
     * space).  Elements are converted to strings as by
     * <tt>String.valueOf(int)</tt>.  Returns <tt>"null"</tt> if <tt>a</tt> is
     * <tt>null</tt>.
     *
     * @param a the array whose string representation to return
     * @return a string representation of <tt>a</tt>
     * @since 1.5
     */
    public static String toString(int[] a) {
        if (a == null)
            return "null";
        int iMax = a.length - 1;
        if (iMax == -1)
            return "[]";

        StringBuilder b = new StringBuilder();
        b.append('[');
        for (int i = 0; ; i++) {
            b.append(a[i]);
            if (i == iMax)
                return b.append(']').toString();
            b.append(", ");
        }
    }

由上述代码可以得知，arr.toString()方法得到的结果是“类名+@+此对象哈希码的无符号十六进制数”，而Arrays.toString(arr)才是将此数组输出的结果。但是，由代码可以看出此方法输出的数组是有格式的，是"[1,2,3]"类型的，如果想要输出无格式的1 2 3，则需要对该方法进行重写。
3. hashCode
具体更多的hashCode的知识可以自行去了解，这里只简单了解下：Object类的hashCode返回对象的内存地址经过处理后的结构，由于每个对象的内存地址都不一样，所以哈希码也不一样。