JavaScript_2th_条件语句和循环语句

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JavaScript

本文介绍了JavaScript中的条件操作（包括三目运算符、if-else语句和switch语句）、循环语句（如while、do-while及for循环）以及字符串的charAt()方法的使用。通过具体实例展示了如何根据不同条件输出不同内容，并演示了如何遍历数组或字符串。

一、条件操作
1）三目运算符

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>三目运算符</title>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var result;
			result = (3>4)?"Y":"N"
		</script>
	</head>
	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			document.write(result);//N 
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

2）if-else语句
运行下面程序时的时间是晚上10点，其中Date是JavaScript内置的对象。

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>if-else语句</title>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var today = new Date();
			var hour = today.getHours();
		</script>
	</head>
	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			if(hour < 12) {
				document.write("Good Morning!");
			} else if(hour == 12) {
				document.write("Good Noon!");
			} else {
				document.write("Good Afternoon!");//Good Afternoon!
			}
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

3）switch语句

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>switch语句</title>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var today = new Date();
			var hour = today.getHours();
		</script>
	</head>

	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			switch(hour) {
				case 1:
					document.write("Good Morning!");
					break;
				case 2:
					document.write("Good Noon!");
					break;
				case 3:
					document.write("Good Afternoon!");
					break;
				default:
					document.write("Hello!");//Hello!
			}
		</script>
	</body>

</html>

二、循环语句
1）while语句

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>while循环</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var i = 1;
			while(i < 10) {
				document.write(i + " ");//1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 
				i++;
			}
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

2）do-while循环

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>do-while循环</title>
	</head>

	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var i = 0;
			do {
				document.write(i + " ");//0 1 2 3 4 5 
				i++;
			} while (i < 6);
		</script>
	</body>

</html>

3）for语句

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>

	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>for循环</title>
	</head>

	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var arr = new Array(2, 3, 4, 5);
			for(i = 0; i < arr.length; i++) {
				document.write(arr[i] + " "); //2 3 4 5 
			}
		</script>
	</body>

</html>

三、字符串的charAt()方法

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
	<head>
		<meta charset="UTF-8">
		<title>charAt()方法</title>
	</head>
	<body>
		<script language="JavaScript">
			var str = "Hello World!I am JavaScript.";
			var i = 0;
			while(i < str.length) {
				document.write(str.charAt(i) + " ");//H e l l o W o r l d ! I a m J a v a S c r i p t . 
				i++;
			}
		</script>
	</body>
</html>

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