八、结构型 过滤器模式（Criteria Pattern）

过滤器模式（Filter Pattern）或标准模式（Criteria Pattern）是一种设计模式，这种模式允许开发人员使用不同的标准来过滤一组对象，通过逻辑运算以解耦的方式把它们连接起来。这种类型的设计模式属于结构型模式，它结合多个标准来获得单一标准。

1. 定义一个java bean

/**
 * 人
 * 
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 21:41
 */
public class Person {

    /**
     * 姓名
     */
    private String name;
    /**
     * 性别
     */
    private String gender;
    /**
     * 婚姻状态
     */
    private String maritalStatus;

    public Person(String name,String gender,String maritalStatus){
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.maritalStatus = maritalStatus;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }
    public String getMaritalStatus() {
        return maritalStatus;
    }
}

2. 定义一个标准接口

/**
 * 标准 接口
 *
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 21:43
 */
public interface Criteria {

    /**
     * 满足标准
     *
     * @param persons 人列表
     * @return 满足的人列表
     */
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons);

}

3. 标准接口的实现类们

过滤出男人的实现类

/**
 * 标准男性
 *
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 21:45
 */
public class CriteriaMale implements Criteria {


    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> malePersons = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if(person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("MALE")){
                malePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return malePersons;
    }
}

过滤出女人的实现类

/**
 * 标准女性
 *
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 21:46
 */
public class CriteriaFemale implements Criteria {

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> femalePersons = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if (person.getGender().equalsIgnoreCase("FEMALE")) {
                femalePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return femalePersons;
    }
}

过滤出单身的实现类

/**
 * 单身
 *
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 22:00
 */
public class CriteriaSingle implements Criteria {

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> singlePersons = new ArrayList<>();
        for (Person person : persons) {
            if(person.getMaritalStatus().equalsIgnoreCase("SINGLE")){
                singlePersons.add(person);
            }
        }
        return singlePersons;
    }
}

同时满足两个标准的实现类

/**
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 22:01
 */
public class AndCriteria implements Criteria {

    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public AndCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> firstCriteriaPersons = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        return otherCriteria.meetCriteria(firstCriteriaPersons);
    }
}

只需满足一个标准的实现类

/**
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 22:01
 */
public class OrCriteria implements Criteria {

    private Criteria criteria;
    private Criteria otherCriteria;

    public OrCriteria(Criteria criteria, Criteria otherCriteria) {
        this.criteria = criteria;
        this.otherCriteria = otherCriteria;
    }

    @Override
    public List<Person> meetCriteria(List<Person> persons) {
        List<Person> firstCriteriaItems = criteria.meetCriteria(persons);
        List<Person> otherCriteriaItems = otherCriteria.meetCriteria(persons);

        // 取两个集合并集，去除重复的
        for (Person person : otherCriteriaItems) {
            if(!firstCriteriaItems.contains(person)){
                firstCriteriaItems.add(person);
            }
        }
        return firstCriteriaItems;
    }
}

4. 测试类

/**
 * @author 吴尚慧
 * @since 2022/6/25 22:02
 */
public class CriteriaPatternDemo {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        List<Person> persons = new ArrayList<>();

        persons.add(new Person("Robert","Male", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("John","Male", "Married"));
        persons.add(new Person("Laura","Female", "Married"));
        persons.add(new Person("Diana","Female", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("Mike","Male", "Single"));
        persons.add(new Person("Bobby","Male", "Single"));

        Criteria male = new CriteriaMale();
        Criteria female = new CriteriaFemale();
        Criteria single = new CriteriaSingle();
        Criteria singleMale = new AndCriteria(single, male);
        Criteria singleOrFemale = new OrCriteria(single, female);

        System.out.println("Males: ");
        printPersons(male.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nFemales: ");
        printPersons(female.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nSingle Males: ");
        printPersons(singleMale.meetCriteria(persons));

        System.out.println("\nSingle Or Females: ");
        printPersons(singleOrFemale.meetCriteria(persons));
    }

    public static void printPersons(List<Person> persons){
        for (Person person : persons) {
            System.out.println("Person : [ Name : " + person.getName()
                    +", Gender : " + person.getGender()
                    +", Marital Status : " + person.getMaritalStatus()
                    +" ]");
        }
    }
}

结果：

Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : John, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Females: 
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Males: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]

Single Or Females: 
Person : [ Name : Robert, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Diana, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Mike, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Bobby, Gender : Male, Marital Status : Single ]
Person : [ Name : Laura, Gender : Female, Marital Status : Married ]

根据上面不同的标准，可以过滤出来不同的结果，你学会了吗？

java8中 Collectors.groupingBy以及 filter 都是标准（过滤器）哦。

参考：
https://www.runoob.com/design-pattern/design-pattern-intro.html