本文详细介绍了如何在Oracle中通过dblink连接到MySQL数据库，包括配置ODBC Driver Manager、ODBC Driver、创建ODBC数据源、配置tnsnames.ora和listener.ora，以及创建数据库链接的过程。在配置过程中，强调了组件版本匹配和环境变量设置的重要性，最后通过查询测试验证了配置的正确性。
Oracle直连MySQL的方式。
版本信息：
Oracle: 11.2.0.1.0 OS: CentOS 5.9
MySQL: 5.5.27 OS: CentOS 5.8
原理：
Oracle使用DG4ODBC数据网关连接其它非Oracle数据库，其原理图如下：
从上图可知，Oracle连接MySQL需要涉及到如下组件：DG4ODBC, ODBC Driver Manager, ODBC Driver，本文将一一讲解它们的配置。
1)判断32位还是64位
因为32位和64位的配置不一样，64位更复杂一些，因此我们首先得确定Oracle和DG4ODBC是32位还是64位：
[oracle@lx16 ~]$ file $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dg4odbc
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dg4odbc: ELF 64-bit LSB executable, AMD x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped
从上面的输出可知是64位。
2)下载并安装ODBC Driver Manager
到这个页面(
http://www.unixodbc.org/download.html)根据你的OS下载unixodbc(注意：版本不能低于2.2.14)
$ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/unixodbc/files/unixODBC/2.2.14/unixODBC-2.2.14-linux-x86-64.tar.gz/download
解压缩：
$ tar -zxvf unixODBC-2.2.14-linux-x86-64.tar.gz
解压缩后会在当前目录下自动创建usr的目录，我们创建一个目录(~/app/unixodbc-2.2.14)用于放置unixodbc，然后把usr 迁移到该目录下：
$ mkdir ~/app/unixodbc-2.2.14
$ mv usr ~/app/unixodbc-2.2.14
3)下载并按照ODBC Driver for MySQL
$ wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/Connector-ODBC/5.2/mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-linux-glibc2.5-x86-64bit.tar.gz/from/http://cdn.mysql.com/
$ tar -zxvf mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-linux-glibc2.5-x86-64bit.tar.gz
解压缩成功后是一个文件夹，把该文件夹迁移至~/app目录下，并给它创建一个软链接：
$ mv mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-linux-glibc2.5-x86-64bit ~/app
$ cd ~/app
$ ln -s mysql-connector-odbc-5.2.5-linux-glibc2.5-x86-64bit myodbc-5.2.5
4)配置ODBC Driver
在~/etc目录下创建odbc.ini如下：
[myodbc5]
Driver = /home/oracle/app/myodbc-5.2.5/lib/libmyodbc5w.so
Description = Connector/ODBC 5.2 Driver DSN
SERVER = 192.168.1.15
PORT = 3306
USER = mysql_user
PASSWORD = mysql_pwd
DATABASE = mysql_db
OPTION = 0
TRACE = OFF
其中，Driver指向第3步上按照的ODBC Driver，这里要特别注意：MySQL的Datbase是大小写敏感的。
5)验证ODBC连接
$ export ODBCINI=/home/oracle/etc/odbc.ini
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/oracle/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ cd ~/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/usr/local/bin
$ ./isql myodbc5 -v
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected! |
| |
| sql-statement |
| help [tablename] |
| quit |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
上面显示连接成功。
6)配置tnsnames.ora
myodbc5 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=
(PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=localhost) (PORT=1521)
)
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SID=myodbc5)
)
(HS=OK)
)
7)配置listener.ora
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(SID_NAME=myodbc5)
(ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM=dg4odbc)
(ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/oracle/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/usr/local/lib:/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib)
)
)
如上所示，为了避免和其它已存在的ODBC Driver Manager冲突，强烈设置LD_LIBRARY_PATH在listener.ora
8)创建
init.ora文件
创建文件$ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initmyodbc5.ora，内容如下：
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=myodbc5 # Data source
name
in
odbc.ini
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=/home/oracle/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/usr/
local
/lib/libodbc.so
HS_FDS_SUPPORT_STATISTICS=
FALSE
HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15
# ODBC env variables
set
ODBCINI=/home/oracle/etc/odbc.ini
9)使上述配置文件生效
$ lsnrctl reload
$ lsnrctl status
Service
"myodbc5"
has 1 instance(s).
Instance
"myodbc5"
, status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s)
for
this service...、
10)验证配置是否正确
$ tnsping myodbc5
TNS Ping Utility
for
Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
on
29-AUG-2013 10:54:46
Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle.
All
rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
/home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/sqlnet.ora
Used TNSNAMES adapter
to
resolve the alias
Attempting
to
contact (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=localhost) (PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA= (SID=myodbc5)) (HS=OK))
OK (0 msec)
11)创建dblink
SQL>
create
public
database
link mysqltest
connect
to
"mysql_user"
identified
by
"mysql_pwd"
using
'myodbc5'
;
SQL>
select
count
(*)
from
trans_expert_map@mysqltest;
COUNT
(*)
----------
371
Detailed Overview of Connecting Oracle to MySQL Using DG4ODBC Database Link (文档 ID 1320645.1)
In this Document
APPLIES TO:
MySQL Connectors - Version 3.51 to 6.8 [Release 3.51 to 6.8]
Oracle Database - Enterprise Edition - Version 11.1.0.6 to 12.1.0.2 [Release 11.1 to 12.1]
MySQL Server - Version 5.5 to 5.7 [Release 5.5 to 5.7]
Information in this document applies to any platform.
ODBC, UnixODBC, DG4ODBC, MySQL, ODBCINI, Database Link
GOAL
How to connect Oracle to MySQL Server through ODBC database link
SOLUTION
Oracle database server uses DG4ODBC as the data gateway for connecting
to non-Oracle RDBMS. This requires the proper setup for all components
involved in transferring data from Oracle to MySQL and back. These
components interact with each other in the following way:
+--------------------------------------------------------+
| |
| [ORACLE] [DG4ODBC] [ODBC Driver Manager] [ODBC Driver] |
| |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------+
/|\
|
NETWORK
|
\|/
+----+
| |
| [MySQL Server] |
| |
+-----------------------+
In this article we will configure each component and diagnose problems
that are most likely to be encountered during the setup process. NOTE:
There are few articles in the internet that skip [ODBC Driver Manager]
and connect directly [DG4ODBC] [ODBC Driver]. It might
work for some
drivers such as DataDirect or specific configurations, but beware that
MySQL [ODBC Driver] (versions 3.51.x and 5.1.x) is not supposed to be
loaded directly. The recommended driver manager is UnixODBC v.2.2.14 or
newer. Configuring ODBC connections in 32-bit OS might be slightly
easier than in 64-bit OS. The latter can execute 32 and 64-bit code and
more attention must be paid to the components versions. In other words,
when configuring ODBC you cannot mix 32-bit and 64-bit components within
the Client Host. This is so because 32-bit binaries code can only load
32-bit binaries and 64-bit binaries can only load 64-bit binaries.
[MySQL Server] is always independent because all communication with the
driver is done through the network protocol. You have the choice to
place [MySQL Server] on or on another physical host in the network . In
any case, the bit depth of [MySQL Server]
executable is not important.
Step 1
We shall start from determining if [Oracle] and [DG4ODBC] are 32/64-bits:
$ file $ORACLE_HOME/bin/dg4odbc
/home/dbs/app/Ora/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/bin/dg4odbc: ELF 64-bit LSB
executable, AMD x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9,
dynamically linked (uses shared libs), for GNU/Linux 2.6.9, not stripped
The above command output says that we must use 64-bit [ODBC Driver Manager] and 64-bit [ODBC Driver]
Step 2
Getting and installing ODBC Driver Manager.
You should download and install the latest version of the UnixODBC driver manager from the site -
and click on the 'Download' option.
Follow the steps detailed there to install and configure the driver manager.
Step 3
Getting and installing [ODBC Driver].
Similar to UnixODBC, it is possible to have several different versions
of MySQL Connector/ODBC driver. Installing the driver from tar.gz
package does not require root privileges and allows installing the
driver at custom locations, so we will do so.
More details about installing MySQL Connector/ODBC can be found here:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/connector-odbc-installation-binary-unix.html
Download the latest tar.gz package from the following page:
Unpack the driver into ~/app directory:
$ cd ~/app
$ gunzip -c .tar.gz | tar xvf -
This command creates the connector directory and extracts all needed files in it. Create a symbolic link with a shorter name:
$ ln -s myodbc-
The latest versions of all the MySQL software can be downloaded from -
Step 4
Configuring ODBC data source for MySQL Connector/ODBC driver is described here:
http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.5/en/connector-odbc-configuration-dsn-unix.html
So, we will create odbc.ini file in ~/etc:
[myodbc5]
Driver = /home/dbs/app/myodbc-x.x.x/lib/libmyodbc5.so
Description = Connector/ODBC x.x Driver DSN
SERVER = 10.0.0.1
PORT = 3306
USER = mysql_user
PASSWORD = *****
DATABASE = test
OPTION = 0
TRACE = OFF
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: Database names are case sensitive in MySQL, so mind what you put |
| in DATABASE parameter. 'DATABASE = test' and 'DATABASE = TEST' will point |
| to different databases. It may cause an error because of trying to use a |
| non-existing database. This error may occur in a system where file names |
| are case sensitive (Linux/Unix systems) |
| Parameter names, however, are not case sensitive: |
| 'DATABASE = test' and 'database = test' are equal. |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Step 5 (Optional)
Verifying the ODBC connection using isql command line.
$ export ODBCINI=/home/dbs/etc/odbc.ini
$ export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/dbs/app/unixodbc-x.x.x/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ cd ~/app/unixodbc-x.x.x/bin/
$ ./isql myodbc5 -v
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected! |
| |
| sql-statement |
| help [tablename] |
| quit |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
The above output will display if connection has been established
successfully. Next, trying to send a simple query to list tables in the
database:
SQL> show tables;
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| Tables_in_test |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
| tab1 |
| tab2 |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------+
SQLRowCount returns 2
2 rows fetched
That was the good scenario when everything went smoothly. However, you might get the following errors:
Error 1:
[IM002][unixODBC][Driver Manager]Data source name not found,
no default driver specified
ISQL]ERROR: Could not SQLConnect
error usually comes if ODBCINI variable is not pointing to the correct
odbc.ini file. To fix this error try:
$ cat $ODBCINI
The command should display the contents of odbc.ini file with all
settings we have configured on Step 4. If the file is there and the same
error comes again, check the data source name. The parameter name for
isql must be exactly the same as the section name in odbc.ini file.
Error 2:
./isql: error while loading shared libraries: libodbc.so.1: cannot open
shared object file: No such file or directory This error means that
LD_LIBRARY_PATH is set wrong and the linker cannot find the main
UnixODBC [Driver Manager] library libodbc.so. The solution is to export
the directory containing libodbc.so ito LD_LIBRARY_PATH env variable
as shown at the beginning of Step 5.
The following command must not show failing dependencies:
$ ldd isql
linux-vdso.so.1 => (0x00007fffe4ffc000)
libodbc.so.1 => /home/dbs/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/lib/libodbc.so.1
(0x00002ae5263e8000)
libdl.so.2 => /lib64/libdl.so.2 (0x00000036b1c00000)
libreadline.so.5 => /usr/lib64/libreadline.so.5 (0x00000036b1000000)
libncurses.so.5 => /usr/lib64/libncurses.so.5 (0x00000036c4400000)
libpthread.so.0 => /lib64/libpthread.so.0 (0x00000036b2000000)
libc.so.6 => /lib64/libc.so.6 (0x00000036b1400000)
/lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 (0x00000036b0c00000)
Error 3:
[S1000][unixODBC][MySQL][ODBC 5.1 Driver]Access denied for user 'dbs'@'%'
(using password: YES)
[ISQL]ERROR: Could not SQLConnect
In some cases this error message is not obvious. The user name and
password might be correct and mysql command line might work perfectly
with the user name and password specified in odbc.ini file. Check the
database name in odbc.ini file (DATABASE parameter). As explained in the
note on Step 4, the database names are case sensitive in MySQL and the
connection might be rejected because the database does not exist or user
has no privileges to access a database with this name.
Checking the connectivity from mysql command line is a good idea too.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: mysql command line does not use ODBC, so it might work even if ODBC |
| fails. The idea of this check is to make sure we provided the correct |
| connection credentials to ODBC driver. |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
mysql command line should use EXACTLY the same user name, host,
password, port and be executed on the same host with [Oracle] and
[DG4ODBC]:
$ mysql "user=mysql_user "password=****** --host=10.0.0.1 --port=3306
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 1
Server version: 5.1.52-community-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
This software comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY. This is free software,
and you are welcome to modify and redistribute it under the GPL v2
license
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+------------------------+
| Database |
+------------------------+
| information_schema |
| entitytest |
| mysql |
| test |
| test2 |
| test_db |
+------------------------+
6 rows in set (0.07 sec)
Step 6:
Configuring tnsnames.ora.
Add the following lines to $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
myodbc5 =
(DESCRIPTION=
(ADDRESS=
(PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=localhost) (PORT=1521)
)
(CONNECT_DATA=
(SID=myodbc5))
(HS=OK)
)
Step 7:
Configuring listener.ora
Open $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora in a text editor, find
SID_LIST_LISTENER definition and add a new entry for myodbc5:
SID_LIST_LISTENER=
(SID_LIST=
(SID_DESC=
(SID_NAME=myodbc5)
(ORACLE_HOME=/home/dbs/app/Ora/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM=dg4odbc)
(ENV="LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/dbs/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/lib:/home/dbs/app/Ora/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/lib")
)
)
We strongly recommend to add the LD_LIBRARY_PATH to the listener.ora
file to avoid any conflicts with already existing ODBC driver managers.
The LD_LIBRARY_PATH must contain the fully qualified path to the
$ORACLE_HOME/lib and also the library paths of the ODBC driver manager
and the ODBC driver itself.
Step 8:
Configuring gateway init.ora file.
This file does not exist and you have to create it.
In listener.ora, tnsnames.ora we use the name myodbc5 just for
convenience, but it can be literally anything. The init file
(initmyodbc5.ora) is a different story because HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO is
the DSN name in odbc.ini.
$ vi $ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/initmyodbc5.ora
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=myodbc5
# Data source name in odbc.ini
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=OFF
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=/home/dbs/app/unixodbc-2.3/lib/libodbc.so
HS_FDS_SUPPORT_STATISTICS=FALSE
HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15
#
# ODBC env variables
set ODBCINI=/home/dbs/etc/odbc.ini
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
NOTE: HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME must point to the [ODBC Driver Manager]
library. It is an error to put there the [ODBC Driver] library. The
[ODBC Driver] DSN is referenced in HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=myodbc5.
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NOTE: UnixODBC [ODBC Driver Manager] might not support any character set |
| used in Oracle, so the connection string will be corrupted. |
| To avoid the connection string corruption it is recommended to set |
| HS_LANGUAGE parameter. I the present case AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15 |
| worked ok |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Step 9
Applying the settings in the configuration files. The listeners must be
restarted in order to pick up the changes we just made into
tnsnames.ora, listener.ora and initmyodbc5.ora:
$ lsnrctl stop
$ lsnrctl start
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
NOTE: The start status has to contain information about the service:
......... |
Services Summary...
Service "myodbc5" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "myodbc5", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Step 10 (Optional)
Checking the service status:
$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on 06-MAY-2011 19:42:10
Copyright (c) 1991, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 06-MAY-2011 19:41:39
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 30 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /home/dbs/app/Ora/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /home/dbs/app/Ora/diag/tnslsnr/dbs-pc/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=localhost.localdomain)(PORT=1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "myodbc5" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "myodbc5", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
The command prints the status of "myodbc5" service. UNKNOWN is not a problem
in this case because we have not tried using the service yet.
Pinging:
$ tnsping myodbc5
TNS Ping Utility for Linux: Version 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on
06-MAY-2011 19:42:22
Copyright (c) 1997, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Used parameter files:
Used TNSNAMES adapter to resolve the alias
Attempting to contact (DESCRIPTION= (ADDRESS= (PROTOCOL=TCP) (HOST=localhost)
(PORT=1521)) (CONNECT_DATA= (SID=myodbc5)) (HS=OK))
OK (10 msec)
If the above commands report errors check thsnames.ora and listener.ora and set them as shown on Step 6-7.
Step 11:
Creating the database link and getting the data.
Start sqlplus and type the following command (user and password are the same as in odbc.ini):
SQL> create public database link myodbc5 connect to "mysql_user" identified by
"********" using 'myodbc5';
Database link created.
SQL> select * from "tab1"@myodbc5;
id
----------
txt1
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
1
some text
2
some more text
DONE!
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
NOTE: When selecting data from MySQL linked table it is recommended to
enclose the table name into double quotes as "tab1" unless MySQL Server
is set to ANSI_QUOTES |
+---------------------------------------------------------------------------+
THINGS TO CHECK IF SELECT DISPLAYS AN ERROR:
Oracle HS provides very little information about the error if it occurs,
so be prepared to examine lots of different log files and command
outputs. First of all, make sure UnixODBC [ODBC Driver Manager] is
loaded in memory. To do so run sqlplus and try to execute SELECT as on
Step 11. Open another terminal session without closing sqlplus and type
the following command:
$ lsof | grep "dg4odbc" | grep "libodbc"
dg4odbc 8,3 1753075 3474018 /home/dbs/app/unixodbc-2.2.14/lib/libodbc.so.1.0.0
Next, check if the driver library is loaded:
$ lsof | grep "dg4odbc" | grep "libmyodbc"
dg4odbc 8,3 5717703 3474035 /home/dbs/app/mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.8-linux-
glibc2.3-x86-64bit/lib/libmyodbc5-5.1.8.so
WHERE TO LOOK FOR LOG AND TRACE FILES:
[Oracle], [DG4ODBC] and [ODBC Driver Manager] write logs that allow to identify problems if connect fails with unknown error.
1. alert.log file.
Sqlplus command line shows the current location (directory) of the trace file:
SQL> show parameter BACKGROUND_DUMP_DEST
NAME TYPE VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
background_dump_dest string /home/dbs/app/Ora/diag/rdbms/o
rcl/orcl/trace
2. HS trace file.
With the current settings the HS trace is disabled. To enable it uncomment the following line in initmyodbc5.ora:
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL=user
The file is named as myodbc5_xxxxx.trc and located in $ORACLE_HOME/hs/log directory.
3. ODBC trace file is written by [ODBC Driver Manager].
To enable ODBC tracing set the following option for your DSN in odbc.ini
TRACE = ON
The trace file is located in /tmp directory. The name of the file is sql.log.
REFERENCES
NOTE:1083703.1
- Master Note for Oracle Gateway Products
NOTE:561033.1
- How to Configure DG4ODBC on 64bit Unix OS (Linux, Solaris, AIX, HP-UX
Itanium) to Connect to Non-Oracle Databases Post Install
以前做过在oracle通过gateway建立到sqlserver的database link(详情参见：
http://blog.csdn.net/mchdba/article/details/52719278
)，现在需要无缝访问mysql，所以也需要建立类似这样的连接通道。
1
、分配
mysql
账号
先在mysql库上建立连接账号：
GRANT SELECT ON test.* TO data_query@'192.168.129.%' IDENTIFIED BY 'data_query_1125';
2
、安装
dg4odbc
在安装的时候，有一个关键的选择步骤就是选择odbc组件包进行安装，如下所示：E:\u\oracle\install\pic\11.png，
3
、查看下安装的
dg4odbc
查看安装是否完成，就直接用莫N股了dg4odbc命令来看
[oracle@hch_test_121_61 ~]$ dg4odbc
Oracle Corporation --- TUESDAY NOV 15 2016 19:17:19.106
Heterogeneous Agent Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production Built with
Oracle Database Gateway for ODBC
[oracle@hch_test_121_61 ~]$
4
、安装
mysql
组件
准备安装mysql客户端：yum install mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 -y;
这样会安装一些依赖包主要是
mysql-connector*.x86_64.rpm
unixODBC*.x86_64.rpm
unixODBC*.i386.rpm
[root@hch_test_121_90 ~]# yum install mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: ftp.sjtu.edu.cn
* extras: mirrors.163.com
* updates: mirrors.163.com
base
|
3.7 kB 00:00
epel
| 4.3 kB 00:00
epel/primary_db
| 5.9 MB 00:06
extras
| 3.4 kB 00:00
updates
|
3.4 kB 00:00
updates/primary_db
| 3.1 MB 00:00
zabbix
| 951 B 00:00
zabbix-non-supported
| 951 B 00:00
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64 0:5.1.5r1144-7.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package
Arch
Version
Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-connector-odbc
x86_64
5.1.5r1144-7.el6
base 114 k
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total download size: 114 k
Installed size: 345 k
Downloading Packages:
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64.rpm
| 114 kB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing :
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
1/1
Verifying :
mysql-connector-odbc-5.1.5r1144-7.el6.x86_64
1/1
Installed:
mysql-connector-odbc.x86_64
0:5.1.5r1144-7.el6
Complete!
[root@hch_test_121_90 ~]#
5
、配置
odbc-mysql
连接
[root@hch_test_121_90 ~]# more /etc/odbc.ini
# Setup from the unixODBC64-libs package
[rmt]
Driver = /usr/lib64/libmyodbc5.so
Server = 10.254.3.72
Port = 3306
User = data_query
Password = data_query_1125
Database = test
[root@hch_test_121_90 ~]#
6
、测试mysql组件的连接：
[root@hch_test_121_90 ~]# isql rmt
+---------------------------------------+
| Connected! |
| |
| sql-statement |
| help [tablename] |
| quit |
| |
+---------------------------------------+
SQL>
7
、配置
oracle
连接
进去$ORACLE_HOME/hs/admin/，配置initrmt.ora
[oracle@hch_test_121_90 admin]$ more initrmt.ora
HS_FDS_CONNECT_INFO=rmt
# Data source name in odbc.ini
HS_FDS_TRACE_LEVEL= debug
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=libodbc.so
HS_FDS_SUPPORT_STATISTICS=FALSE
HS_LANGUAGE=AMERICAN_AMERICA.WE8ISO8859P15
#
# ODBC env variables
set ODBCINI=/etc/odbc.ini
HS_FDS_SHAREABLE_NAME=libodbc.so
[oracle@hch_test_121_90 admin]$
配置$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/listener.ora
SID_NAME
is the DSN for the remote database.
ORACLE_HOME
is the actual Oracle home file path.
PROGRAM
tells Oracle to use heterogeneous services.
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = rmt)
(ORACLE_HOME = /home/oracle/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)
(PROGRAM = dg4odbc)
#(ENVS=LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/lib64:/usr/lib:/home/orared/product/11.2.4/lib:/home/orared/product/11.2.4/odbc/lib)
)
配置$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/tnsnams.ora
rmtmysql =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.90 )(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = rmt)
)
(HS = OK)
)
8
、建立
dblink
create database link tg4mysql connect to data_query identified by "data_query_1125"
using '(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.121.90)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SID = rmtmysql)
)
(HS = OK)
)';
测试：
SQL> select * from z_whs@tg4mysql;
select * from z_whs@tg4mysql
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-28545: error diagnosed by Net8 when connecting to an agent
Unable to retrieve text of NETWORK/NCR message 65535
ORA-02063: preceding 2 lines from TG4MYSQL
SQL>
解决办法：重启lsnrctl服务
9
、问题
ORA-28511
SQL> select * from Z_WHS@gwmysql;
ERROR:
ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.121.90)(PORT
=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=rmt)))
ORA-02063: preceding line from GWMYSQL
Process ID: 20358
Session ID: 11 Serial number: 46988
no rows selected
SQL>
再次查看：
SQL> select * from Z_WHS@gwmysql;
ERROR:
ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.121.90)(PORT
=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=rmt)))
ORA-02063: preceding line from GWMYSQL
Process ID: 20497
Session ID: 134 Serial number: 41341
no rows selected
SQL> select ID,cname from Z_WHS@gwmysql;
select ID,cname from Z_WHS@gwmysql
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00904: "CNAME": invalid identifier
SQL> select ID from Z_WHS@gwmysql;
ID
----------
1
2
3
SQL>
为什么查询单个字段
ID
能查到记录，查询
*
查不出记录呢，查看
Z_WHS
表结构，发现有一个字段
cname
为小写，尝试改成大写字段，就可以查询出来了。
mysql> show create table Z_WHS;
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Table | Create Table
|
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Z_WHS | CREATE TABLE `Z_WHS` (
`ID` bigint(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '投诉主题表主键',
`cname` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 |
+-------+---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
mysql> alter table Z_WHS change `cname` CNAME varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (38.95 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql>
# PS
：这个时候，
oracle
的网关对
mysql
的表是锁定状态，任何对
mysql
表的
dml
、
ddl
操作都会处于等待状态，如下所示：
| 13762502 | root | localhost | test |
Query | 27 | Waiting for table metadata
lock | alter table Z_WHS change
`cname` CNAME varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL |
需要在oracle的窗口退出来，释放掉通过网关对mysql的锁，才能让mysql窗口的alter语句sesseion会话得到这个表的使用权限来顺利执行完成alter操作。
BUT
、但是，但是可惜的是
alter
语句执行完后，
select cname
还是报一样的错误出来
新添加一列数字列：
去mysql库添加数字列
mysql> alter table Z_2 add column NUM int;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> update Z_2 set NUM=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0
mysql>
再通过gateway查询结果：
SQL> conn dw/dwys0418
Connected.
SQL> select ID,NUM from "Z_2"@gwmysql;
ID NUM
---------- ----------
1 1
SQL> select ID,NUM,CN from "Z_2"@gwmysql;
ERROR:
ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=ORA-28511: lost RPC connection to heterogeneous remote agent using
SID=(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS_LIST=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=192.168.121.90)(PORT
=1521)))(CONNECT_DATA=(SID=rmt)))
ORA-02063: preceding line from GWMYSQL
Process ID: 21333
Session ID: 11 Serial number: 47108
no rows selected
SQL>
问题依旧，等待后续进一步解决。
扫一扫
642
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
