一、
新建文件
| | f=File.new(File.join("C:","Test.txt"),"w+") |
文件模式
"r" :Read-only. Starts at beginning of file (default mode).
"r+" :Read-write. Starts at beginning of file.
"w" :Write-only. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for writing.
"w+" :Read-write. Truncates existing file to zero length or creates a new file for reading and writing.
"a" :Write-only. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for writing.
"a+" :Read-write. Starts at end of file if file exists; otherwise, creates a new file for reading and writing.
"b" :(DOS/Windows only.) Binary file mode. May appear with any of the key letters listed above
二、读取文件
| | file=File.open(File.join("C:","Test.txt"),"r") |
| | file.each{ |line| print"#{file.lineno}.", line
} |
三、新建、删除、重命名文件
| | File.new("books.txt","w") |
| | File.rename(
"books.txt", "chaps.txt") |
| | File.delete(
"chaps.txt" ) |
四、目录操作
05 | Dir.rmdir("c:/testdir") |
08 | p Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).join('
') |
11 | Dir.entries(File.join("C:","Ruby")).each{ |
1、ARGV and ARGF
ARGV
| | ARGV << "cnblogslink.txt" |
| | #The gets method is a Kernel method that gets lines from ARGV |
ARGF
2、文件信息查询
| | p File::exists?("cnblogslink.txt")#
=> true |
| | p File.file?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => true |
| | p File::directory?("c:/ruby")
# => true |
| | p File::directory?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => false |
| | p File.readable?("cnblogslink.txt")# => true |
| | p File.writable?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => true |
| | p File.executable?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => false |
| | p File.zero?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => false |
| | p File.size?("cnblogslink.txt")
# => 74 |
| | p File.size("cnblogslink.txt")
# => 74 |
| | p File::ftype("cnblogslink.txt")
# => "file" |
| | p File::ctime("cnblogslink.txt")
# => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 |
| | p File::mtime("cnblogslink.txt")
# => Sat Sep 19 08:06:34 +0800 2009 |
| | p File::atime("cnblogslink.txt")
# => Sat Sep 19 08:05:07 +0800 2009 |
3、查找文件
| | Dir["c:/ruby/*"].each{|x| |
| | |x| puts x ifx !="."
&& x !=".." |
| | Dir.open('c:/ruby') { |d| d.grep /l/ }.each{|x| puts x} |
| | puts "---------------------------" |
| | Dir["c:/ruby/ruby/[rs]*"].each{|x| puts x} |
| | puts "------------------------" |
| | Dir["c:/ruby/[^s]*"].each{|x| puts x} |
| | puts "------------------------" |
| | Dir["c:/ruby/{ruby,li}*"].each{|x| puts x} |
| | puts "------------------------" |
| | Dir["c:/ruby/?b*"].each{|x| puts x} |
| | Find.find('./') { |path| puts path } |
加载文件时需要:
require ‘file’
但是加载这个文件前需要有个上下文环境,如:
$:.unshift(File.expand_path(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__),’..’,’file’)))
require 如果返回true,说明成功读取了新的功能
加载路径,就是默认ruby启动的时候会在这些路径里去寻找可以加载的类库。ruby加载路径放在一个变量$LOAD_PATH($:)里。
函数解释:
File.dirname(__FILE__) 得到当前文件的路径
File.join(‘x’,’y’,’z’) 相当于x/y/z
File.expand_path('./x/y/z) 组成一个绝对路径
$:.unshift("file")加入到$:变量中
支持通配符各正则表达式:
Dir.glob(Dir.glob(File.join(File.dirname(__FILE__), '../*.rb')).each {|f| require f }