在网上看到的一个关于开闭原则的例子

最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 20:13:43 发布

转载最新推荐文章于 2024-09-02 20:13:43 发布 · 8.8k 阅读

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本文通过面向对象的设计方式，展示了如何使用接口与类实现不同水果的种植、开花和结果过程。利用工厂方法模式，实现了无需直接使用new关键字即可创建各种水果实例的功能。

1，有水果类，苹果类和梨子类实现了水果类这个接口
2，水果类有种植，开花，结果3个方法
3，园丁类是来NEW出每种水果的（对这个类不能修改）
4，在测试类里面不能看到有NEW关键字

interface Fruit { public void plant(); public void blossom(); public void outcome(); }

class Apple implements Fruit { Apple(){this.plant();} public void plant(){System.out.println("Plant a apple");}; public void blossom(){System.out.println("Apple blossomed");}; public void outcome(){System.out.println("Apple outcomed");}; } class Pear implements Fruit { Pear(){this.plant();} public void plant(){System.out.println("Pear a apple");}; public void blossom(){System.out.println("Pear blossomed");}; public void outcome(){System.out.println("Pear outcomed");}; } interface gardenerBase //Garden,是不能改变的.以后增加一个水果只需要再写个类继承它! { public Fruit getFruit(); } class AppleGardener implements gardenerBase//种植Apple的Garden { private static AppleGardener singleton; private AppleGardener(){;} public static AppleGardener getGardener() { if(singleton==null) singleton = new AppleGardener(); return singleton; } public Fruit getFruit() { return new Apple(); } } class PearGardener implements gardenerBase//种植Pear的Garden { private static PearGardener singleton; private PearGardener(){;} public static PearGardener getGardener() { if(singleton==null) singleton = new PearGardener(); return singleton; } public Fruit getFruit() { return new Pear(); } } public class MyFirstOCPJAVA { public static void main(String []a) { Fruit tempApple; gardenerBase appleGarden = AppleGardener.getGardener(); tempApple = appleGarden.getFruit(); Fruit tempPear; gardenerBase pearGarden = PearGardener.getGardener(); tempPear = pearGarden.getFruit(); } } }

还有人用了工厂方法解决了此问题：

public class TestFruit { public static void main(String[] args) { Fruit fruit; fruit = Gardener.NewFruit("apple"); fruit.grow(); fruit.Flowering(); fruit.Fruiting(); fruit = Gardener.NewFruit("pear"); fruit.grow(); fruit.Flowering(); fruit.Fruiting(); } } interface Fruit { void grow(); void Flowering(); void Fruiting(); } class Apple implements Fruit { public void Flowering() { System.out.println("开花的是苹果"); } public void Fruiting() { System.out.println("结果的是苹果"); } public void grow() { System.out.println("种植的是苹果"); } } class Pear implements Fruit { public void Flowering() { System.out.println("开花的是梨"); } public void Fruiting() { System.out.println("结果的是梨"); } public void grow() { System.out.println("种植的是梨"); } } final class Gardener { public static Fruit NewFruit(String fruitname) { if (fruitname.equals("apple")) { return new Apple(); } else if (fruitname.equals("pear")) { return new Pear(); } return null; } }