Oracle PL/SQL之EXCEPTION -- WHEN OTHERS THEN

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Oracle PL/SQL中，使用WHEN OTHERS THEN处理异常时需谨慎，因为它会捕获所有异常，可能导致排错困难。为提升程序质量，可以在编译时设置PLSQL_WARNINGS='enable:all'，如示例所示，以在编译阶段发现潜在问题，例如标识符冲突、参数优化提示和未正确结束的异常处理等。

在处理EXCEPTION时应特别注意WHEN OTHERS THEN的使用，因为WHEN OTHERS THEN会吃掉所有的EXCEPTION。如果在WHEN OTHERS THEN后不抛出任何信息，即：WHEN OTHERS THEN NULL; 这可能会极大地增加以后程序排错的难度，因为即使出错了，也没有任何提示。所以我们需要特别留意WHEN OTHERS THEN，除了一个一个的手工查找外，还可以采用如下命令以便在编译时就进行检查：

ALTER SESSION SET plsql_warnings = 'enable:all';

测试样例：

Connected to Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.7.0 Connected as xxpo SQL> set serveroutput on SQL> ALTER SESSION SET plsql_warnings = 'enable:all'; Session altered SQL> @"D:/test/xxpotest.plb"; Package body created SQL> sho err; Errors for PACKAGE BODY XXPO.XXPO_TEST_PKG: LINE/COL ERROR -------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 88/13 PLW-05004: identifier LOG is also declared in STANDARD or is a SQL builtin 285/5 PLW-07203: parameter 'X_MESSAGE' may benefit from use of the NOCOPY compiler hint 504/5 PLW-07203: parameter 'X_MESSAGE' may benefit from use of the NOCOPY compiler hint 569/5 PLW-07203: parameter 'X_MESSAGE' may benefit from use of the NOCOPY compiler hint 1008/14 PLW-07204: conversion away from column type may result in sub-optimal query plan 1027/14 PLW-07204: conversion away from column type may result in sub-optimal query plan 2027/12 PLW-07204: conversion away from column type may result in sub-optimal query plan 1667/14 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1716/14 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1773/14 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1755/14 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1737/14 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1789/10 PLW-06009: procedure "SET_STG_TBL" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 2046/10 PLW-06009: procedure "MAIN" OTHERS handler does not end in RAISE or RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR 1910/11 PLW-06002: Unreachable code SQL>