linux无法yum安装

一、问题

RedHat在yum安装时无法进行yum install：

二、解决方式

1）查看RedHat系统本身所安装的哪些yum软件包
指令：rpm -qa | grep yum

2）卸载那些软件包

rpm -e yum-rhn-plugin-2.0.1-10.el7.noarch --nodeps
rpm -e yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64 --nodeps
rpm -e yum-3.4.3-158.el7.noarch --nodeps

3）下载contos的yum包
contos7: http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/x86_64/Packages/

下载如下包：

python-kitchen-1.1.1-5.el7.noarch.rpm
python-chardet-2.2.1-1.el7_1.noarch.rpm
yum-3.4.3-161.el7.centos.noarch.rpm
yum-metadata-parser-1.1.4-10.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum-utils-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-updateonboot-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm
yum-plugin-fastestmirror-1.1.31-50.el7.noarch.rpm

4）安装
指令：

rpm -ivh python-*
rpm -ivh yum-*

5）修改配置
进入目录：cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
创建文件名为： Centos-7.repo ，内容是：

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

文件创建并放置目录后，清除缓存。
指令：yum clean all

三、可能遇到的问题

如果是centos6上述方式还是不能解决问题，则将创建的文件 Centos-7.repo 里所有的7成6，如：
57行的 baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/contrib/$basearch/
改成 baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/6/contrib/$basearch/