华为OD机考-组装最大可靠性设备-DFS（JAVA 2025B卷）

package hwod;

import java.util.*;

public class LargestReliability {
    private static int ans = -1;//最终结果

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);
        int totalPrice = sc.nextInt(); //预算
        int targetNum = sc.nextInt();//需要的元器件种类
        int total = sc.nextInt(); //总共的元器件数量
        sc.nextLine();
        Device[] devices = new Device[total];

        for (int i = 0; i < total; i++) {
            String[] lines = sc.nextLine().split(" ");
            Device device = new Device(Integer.parseInt(lines[0]), Integer.parseInt(lines[2]), Integer.parseInt(lines[1]));
            devices[i] = device;
        }
        System.out.println(largestReliability(devices, totalPrice, targetNum));
    }

    //从devices中选择targetNum种元器件，价格不超过totalPrice，能够得到的最高可靠性是多少？
    private static int largestReliability(Device[] device, int totalPrice, int targetNum) {
        //从total里面选取target
        LinkedList<Device> path = new LinkedList<>();//组合问题，临时选到path中去
        int[] used = new int[targetNum];
        dfs(device, 0, path, used, totalPrice, targetNum, Integer.MAX_VALUE);
        return ans;
    }

    private static void dfs(Device[] devices, int begin, LinkedList<Device> path, int[] used, int totalPrice, int targetNum, int reliability) {
        if (path.size() == targetNum) {
            if (totalPrice >= 0 && reliability > ans) {
                ans = reliability;
            }
            return;
        }
        for (int i = begin; i < devices.length; i++) {
            if (used[devices[i].getType()] == 1) continue;//剪枝，不能选择同类型的type
            path.addLast(devices[i]);
            used[devices[i].getType()] = 1;
            dfs(devices, i + 1, path, used, totalPrice - devices[i].getPrice(), targetNum, Math.min(reliability, devices[i].getReliability()));
            path.removeLast();
            used[devices[i].getType()] = 0;

        }
    }
}

class Device {
    private int type;
    private int price;
    private int reliability;

    public Device(int type, int price, int reliability) {
        this.type = type;
        this.price = price;
        this.reliability = reliability;
    }

    public int getType() {
        return type;
    }

    public int getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public int getReliability() {
        return reliability;
    }
}