.NET CORE集成Ocelot初探

前言

API网关是访问你系统的入口，它包括很多东西，比如路由(Routing)，身份验证(Authentication)，服务发现(Service discovery),日志(Logging ),等等，本文简单入门Ocelot

提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考,项目环境.NET Core 3.1

一、Ocelot是什么？

原文地址：https://ocelot.readthedocs.io/en/latest/introduction/bigpicture.html#

Ocelot是用.net Core实现的一款开源的网关,Ocelot其实就是一组按照顺序排列的.net core中间件。它接受到请求之后用request builder构建一个HttpRequestMessage对象并发送到下游服务，当下游请求返回到Ocelot管道时再由一个中间件将HttpRequestMessage映射到HttpResponse上返回客户端。

二、使用步骤

1.解决方案下新建一个StudyAPIGateway项目

2.安装NuGet软件包

代码如下（示例）：

Install-Package Ocelot

3.项目下创建Config文件下，在创建configuration.json文件

configuration.json内容如下（示例）：

{
  "Routes": [
    {
      //网关转发到下游格式
      "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/WeatherForecast/gets",
      "DownstreamScheme": "http",
      //下游服务配置
      "DownstreamHostAndPorts": [
        {
          //下游地址
          "Host": "localhost",
          //下游端口号
          "Port": 9001
        }
      ],
      //上游Api请求格式
      "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/todos",
      //上下游支持请求方法
      "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "GET", "POST", "DELETE", "PUT" ]
    },
    {
      "DownstreamPathTemplate": "/WeatherForecast/gets",
      "DownstreamScheme": "http",
      "DownstreamHostAndPorts": [
        {
          "Host": "localhost",

          "Port": 9002
        }
      ],
      "UpstreamPathTemplate": "/todoss",
      "UpstreamHttpMethod": [ "Get" ]
    }
  ]
}

4.修改Program类

Programd代码如下（示例） 注 ip和 port都从运行控制台获取 ：

 public class Program
    {
        public static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            CreateHostBuilder(args).Build().Run();
        }

        public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =>
            Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
                 .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =>
                 {
                     var config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
                          .AddCommandLine(args)
                          .Build();
                     String ip = config["ip"];
                     String port = config["port"];
                     webBuilder
                     .UseStartup<Startup>()
                     .UseUrls($"http://{ip}:{port}")
                     ;
                 });
    }

5.修改Startup类

Startup代码如下（示例)：

public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }

        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddOcelot(new ConfigurationBuilder()
               .AddJsonFile("Config/configuration.json")
                 .Build());
        }

        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
        {
            app.UseOcelot();
        }
    }

6.编译网关项目，运行

1. 运行命令（示例)：

   dotnet StudyAPIGateway.dll  --ip 127.0.0.1 --port 8001
   

   
   2.Postman中通过网关进行服务访问 访问地址：http://127.0.0.1:8001/todos