st_intersects 与 st_overlaps区别

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本文介绍了PostGIS中用于判断几何图形空间关系的两个函数：ST_Intersects和ST_Overlaps。ST_Intersects返回两个几何图形是否共享任何空间，而ST_Overlaps则检查它们是否相互重叠但不完全包含。通过示例展示了当两个几何体完全相等、一个包含另一个以及部分重叠时，这两个函数的不同返回结果。

来自 PostGIS 的文档

ST_Intersects

如果几何或地理共享空间的任何部分，则它们相交。重叠、接触、内都暗示着空间的交集。如果上述任何一个返回 true，则几何图形也在空间上相交。

ST_Overlaps

如果几何图形“空间重叠”，则返回 TRUE。我们的意思是它们相交，但一个并不完全包含另一个。

不同之处在于：如果两个几何体重叠 100%，则它们不再重叠。

这是一个 POSTGIS 示例：

SELECT ST_Overlaps(a,b) As a_overlap_b, ST_Intersects(a, b) As a_intersects_b, ST_Contains(b, a) As b_contains_a
FROM (SELECT 
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(1 1,3 1,3 3,1 1)'), 4326)  As a,
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(1 1,3 1,3 3,1 1)'), 4326)  As b)
    As foo;
    -- INTERSECT is TRUE, OVERLAP is FALSE because B equals A

    SELECT ST_Overlaps(a,b) As a_overlap_b, ST_Intersects(a, b) As a_intersects_b, ST_Contains(b, a) As b_contains_a
FROM (SELECT 
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(1 1,3 1,3 3,1 1)'), 4326)  As a,
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(1 1,4 1,4 4,1 1)'), 4326)  As b)
    As foo;
    -- INTERSECT is TRUE, OVERLAP is FALSE because B contains A

    SELECT ST_Overlaps(a,b) As a_overlap_b, ST_Intersects(a, b) As a_intersects_b, ST_Contains(b, a) As b_contains_a
FROM (SELECT 
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(0 0,2 0,2 2,0 0)'), 4326)  As a,
    ST_Polygon(ST_GeomFromText('LINESTRING(1 1,3 1,3 3,1 1)'), 4326)  As b)
    As foo;
    -- INTERSECT is TRUE, OVERLAP is TRUE because not all of A intersects B and not all of B intersects A