hibernate基本框架及配置

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#hibernate基本框架及配置

本文介绍了一个基于Hibernate的Java应用程序如何与Spring框架整合的具体配置过程。包括了使用正确的JAR包、Spring配置文件（applicationContext.xml）、数据库配置文件(db.properties)、Spring MVC配置文件(spring-mvc.xml)、web.xml配置等内容。

1.hibernate要用到的jar包：

2.hibernate的基本框架（jdk用1.7版本的，不能用1.8版本的）：

2.applicationContext.xml的配置：

<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
	xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
	xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
	xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache" 
	xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-4.0.xsd">
	<!-- 引入properties文件 -->
	<context:property-placeholder location="classpath*:/db.properties" />
	<context:annotation-config />
	<!-- 对指定的包进行组件扫描 -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.courseManagement" />
	<!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证@Required、@Autowired的属性被注入 -->
	<context:component-scan
		base-package="com.courseManagement.hibernate,com.courseManagement.Controller">
		<context:exclude-filter type="annotation"
			expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice" />
	</context:component-scan>
	<!-- 定义数据库连接池数据源bean -->
	<context:annotation-config />
	<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource">
		<property name="driverClassName" value="${hibernate.driverName}" />
		<property name="url" value="${hibernate.url}" />
		<property name="username" value="${hibernate.username}" />
		<property name="password" value="${hibernate.password}" />
	</bean>
	<!-- 定义Hibernate Session工厂 -->
	<bean id="sessionFactory"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
		<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />

		<property name="hibernateProperties">
			<props>
				<prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.show_sql">${hibernate.show_sql}</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.format_sql">${hibernate.format_sql}</prop>
				<prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
				<prop key="current_session_context_class">thread</prop>
			</props>
		</property>
		<property name="packagesToScan" value="com.courseManagement.hibernate" />
		<!-- 如果多个，用“,”分隔 -->
	</bean>
	<!-- 定义事务 -->
	<bean id="transactionManager"
		class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
		<property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory" />
	</bean>

	<!-- 配置 Annotation 驱动，扫描@Transactional注解的类定义事务 -->
	<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"
		proxy-target-class="true" />
</beans>

3.db.properties配置：

hibernate.driverName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
hibernate.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/coursemanagement
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect
hibernate.username=root
hibernate.password=root
hibernate.maxIdle=255
hibernate.minIdle=2
hibernate.maxWait=120000
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true

4.spring-mvc.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.2.xsd
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
     http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.2.xsd">

	<!-- 自动扫描该包，Spring MVC 会将包下用 @Controller 注解的类注册为 Spring 的 controller -->
	<context:component-scan base-package="com.courseManagement.Controller" />
	<!-- 设置默认配置方案 -->
	<mvc:annotation-driven />
	<!-- 视图解析器 -->
	<bean id="viewResolver"
		class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
		<!-- 执行完action后会返回xxx，xxx会和下面的property组合，形成跳转页面的路径 -->
		<property name="prefix" value="" />
		<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
	</bean>
</beans>

5.web.xml配置：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"
	id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
	<display-name>courseManagerment</display-name>

	<!-- 配置 Spring 核心监听器 -->
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 指定 Spring 的配置文件 -->
	<context-param>
		<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
		<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
	</context-param>

	<!-- 定义 Spring MVC 前端控制器 -->
	<servlet>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

		<init-param>
			<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
			<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
	</servlet>

	<!-- 为 DispatcherServlet 建立映射 -->
	<servlet-mapping>
		<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
		<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
	</servlet-mapping>
	<listener>
		<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
	</listener>

	<!-- 编码过滤器 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>encoding</param-name>
			<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
		</init-param>
		<init-param>
			<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
			<param-value>true</param-value>
		</init-param>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>
	<!-- 控制Session的开关 -->
	<filter>
		<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
		<filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
	</filter>

	<filter-mapping>
		<filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
		<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
	</filter-mapping>

	<!-- 设置首页 -->
	<welcome-file-list>
		<welcome-file>managerLogin.jsp</welcome-file>
	</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>

6.com.courseManagement.hibernate包里面写的实际上是entity。