[MFC成长季]windows API程序逻辑

自己看windows api ，mfc很久了，尚未入门。反思自己，学习观上，心态不正；方法论上，借用《一代宗师》一句话，老猿挂印回首望，关隘不在挂印而在回首望。所以我决定逼自己写博客。

文章多数汲取于csdn达达们的博客，如有疏漏，敬请谅解。

程序入口：int CALLBACK WinMain()

注册窗口：RegisterWndClass()

创建窗口图形：CreateWindow()

显示窗口：ShowWindow()
                    UpdateWindow(hWnd);

进入消息循环
  
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);

}

窗口处理：

LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc()

一些逻辑细节：

程序如何知道WindowProc()是处理消息函数？

RegisterWndClass()函数中：wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WindowProc;

如何第一次进入WindowProc():

UpdateWindow(hWnd)向WindowProc()发送一个WM_PAINT消息，注意，这个消息系统只会发送一次，然后进入消息循环。

切记，window是事件驱动的。

// test_1.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。

//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <windows.h>

ATOM  RegisterWndClass( HINSTANCE hInstance , LPCWSTR className);
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND ,UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

/* WinMain parameters:
 *  hInstance : A handle to the current instance of the application.
 *  hPrevInstance : A handle to the previous instance of the application. 
 *                  This parameter is always NULL. ...
 *  lpCmdLine : The command line for the application, excluding（不包括） the program name. 
 *             To retrieve（获取） the entire（全部） command line, use the GetCommandLine function.
 *  nCmdShow : Controls how the window is to be shown. eg. SW_HIDE, SW_MAXIMIZE
 *
 *  return value: If the function succeeds, terminating when it receives a WM_QUIT message, 
 *                it should return the exit value contained in that message's wParam parameter. 
 *                If the function terminates before entering the message loop, 
 *                it should return zero.
 */
int CALLBACK WinMain(
            __in  HINSTANCE hInstance,        
            __in  HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,     
            __in  LPSTR lpCmdLine,
            __in  int nCmdShow )
{
    // （1）注册窗口
    LPCWSTR className = TEXT("FirstWnd");
    if (!RegisterWndClass(hInstance, className)) {
        ::MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Register class failed"), 
            TEXT("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
        return 0;
    }
    
    // （2）创建窗口
    HWND hWnd;  // 窗口句柄
    hWnd = CreateWindow(
        className,                    // 窗口类名称
        TEXT("A simple Win32 Application"), // 窗口标题
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,          // 窗口风格
        100,                          // 窗口位置的 x 坐标 ， CW_USEDEFAULT
        100,                          // 窗口位置的 y 坐标 ， CW_USEDEFAULT
        400,                          // 窗口的宽度 ， CW_USEDEFAULT
        300,                          // 窗口的高度 ， CW_USEDEFAULT
        NULL,                         // 父窗口句柄
        NULL,                         // 菜单句柄
        hInstance,                    // 应用程序句柄
        NULL);                        // 窗口创建数据指针， WM_CREATE lParam
    if (!hWnd) {
        ::MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Register class failed"), 
            TEXT("Error"), MB_OK | MB_ICONEXCLAMATION);
        return 0;
    }
    
    // （3）显示并更新窗口
    ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hWnd);

    // （4）进入消息循环
    MSG  msg;
    // 如果 msg 消息为 WM_QUIT ， GetMessage 返回为 0 ，退出循环
    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)) {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }

    // 程序结束
    return msg.wParam;
}

// 注册窗口
ATOM  RegisterWndClass( HINSTANCE hInstance , LPCWSTR className)
{
    WNDCLASS wc;
    wc.style       = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW | CS_DBLCLKS; // 
    wc.lpfnWndProc = (WNDPROC)WindowProc;     // A pointer to the window procedure.
    wc.cbClsExtra  = 0;                       // 
    wc.cbWndExtra  = 0;                       // 
    wc.hInstance   = hInstance;               // 
    wc.hIcon       = LoadIcon( hInstance, IDI_APPLICATION ); // A handle to the class icon.
    wc.hCursor     = LoadCursor( NULL, IDC_ARROW );          // A handle to the class cursor.
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);          // A handle to the class background brush.
    wc.lpszMenuName  = NULL;                  // The resource name of the class menu,
    wc.lpszClassName = className;            // A pointer to a null-terminated string or is an atom.
    return RegisterClass( &wc );
}

// 窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(
              __in  HWND hWnd,     // A handle to the window. 
              __in  UINT uMsg,     // The message.
              __in  WPARAM wParam, // Additional message information
              __in  LPARAM lParam  // Additional message information
            )
{
    HDC hDC;
    PAINTSTRUCT ps;

    switch (uMsg) 
    {  
    case WM_PAINT:  
        hDC = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        RECT rc;
        rc.bottom = 100;
        rc.left = 100;
        rc.right = 300;
        rc.top = 400;
        ::SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(255, 0, 0));
        SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);
        ::TextOut(hDC, 30, 30, TEXT("This is my first Win32 App !"), 
            strlen("This is my first Win32 App !"));
        EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
        break; 
   
    case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("left button down"), TEXT("Message"), MB_OK);
        break;
		case WM_RBUTTONUP:
		MessageBox(NULL,TEXT("right button up"),TEXT("message"),MB_OK);

    case WM_DESTROY:  
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Window will be closed"), TEXT("Message"), MB_OK);
        PostQuitMessage(0);  
        break;

    default:  
        break;
    }  
    return DefWindowProc(hWnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);  
}