MonoDroid学习笔记（十三）—— 自制任务管理器，获取正在运行的程序与服务

Android操作系统并没有提供任务管理程序，无从得知后台有哪些程序正在运行，但提供了正在运行的服务列表。这次我们来用MonoDroid来获取手机中正在运行的程序及服务，用ListView列出来，点击ListView的项可以实现关闭程序或服务。

这里我没有实现实时获取，而是通过点击两个按钮时才进行获取，布局文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"> <Button android:id="@+id/btnGetTask" android:text="正在运行的程序" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content"/> <Button android:id="@+id/btnGetService" android:text="正在运行的服务" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_toRightOf="@id/btnGetTask"/> <ListView android:id="@+id/lvTasks" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:layout_below="@id/btnGetTask"></ListView> </RelativeLayout> 

要获取正在运行的程序，需使用ActivityManager类的GetRunningTasks方法，它的参数指定需要取出的任务数，由于资源有限，所以我们这里设置了最多取出30条任务：

public class Activity1 : Activity { List<string> list = new List<string>(); IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks; ActivityManager am; protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle) { base.OnCreate(bundle); SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main); Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask); Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService); ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks); am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager; btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) => { contentShown = 1; try { list.Clear(); lvTasks.Adapter = null; listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30); int index = 1; foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks) { list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id)); } ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list); if (adapter.Count == 0) { Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } else { lvTasks.Adapter = adapter; } } catch (SecurityException) { Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex); } }; lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) => { MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) => { am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName); btnGetTask.PerformClick(); }, (s3, e3) => { }); }; } }  

注意要获取任务，必需要在AndroidManifest.xml中添加GET_Tasks权限，而要关闭程序，我们这里使用的是ActivityManager类的RestartPackage方法，根据程序的包名称来关闭，所以要添加RESTART_PACKAGES权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_TASKS" /> <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RESTART_PACKAGES" />  

效果图：

下面我们来实现获取运行中服务的效果。获取服务与获取程序差不多，只要把GetRunningTasks改为GetRunningServices即可，同样我们还是取出30条。由于是在同一个ListView中显示，在单击列表项时需要区分单击的是程序还是服务，所以我们增加一个字段contentShown加以区分，contentShown=1时表示程序，contentShown=2时表示服务，完整的代码如下：

public class Activity1 : Activity { List<string> list = new List<string>(); IList<ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo> listRunningTasks; IList<ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo> listRunningServices; ActivityManager am; int contentShown = 0; protected override void OnCreate(Bundle bundle) { base.OnCreate(bundle); SetContentView(Resource.Layout.Main); Button btnGetTask = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetTask); Button btnGetService = FindViewById<Button>(Resource.Id.btnGetService); ListView lvTasks = FindViewById<ListView>(Resource.Id.lvTasks); am = this.GetSystemService(ActivityService) as ActivityManager; btnGetTask.Click += (sender, e) => { contentShown = 1; try { list.Clear(); lvTasks.Adapter = null; listRunningTasks = am.GetRunningTasks(30); int index = 1; foreach (ActivityManager.RunningTaskInfo task in listRunningTasks) { list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, task.BaseActivity.ClassName, task.Id)); } ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list); if (adapter.Count == 0) { Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何程序运行", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } else { lvTasks.Adapter = adapter; } } catch (SecurityException) { Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行程序的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex); } }; btnGetService.Click += (sender, e) => { contentShown = 2; try { lvTasks.Adapter = null; listRunningServices = am.GetRunningServices(30); int index = 1; list.Clear(); foreach (ActivityManager.RunningServiceInfo service in listRunningServices) { list.Add(string.Format("{0}:{1}(ID={2})", index++, service.Process, service.Pid)); } ArrayAdapter<string> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<string>(this, Android.Resource.Layout.SimpleListItem1, list); if (adapter.Count == 0) { Toast.MakeText(this, "当前没有任何服务运行", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } else { lvTasks.Adapter = adapter; } } catch (SecurityException) { Toast.MakeText(this, "没有获取运行服务的权限", ToastLength.Long).Show(); } catch (System.Exception ex) { MessageBox.ShowErrorMessage(this, ex); } }; lvTasks.ItemClick += (sender, e) => { if (contentShown == 1) { MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此程序吗?", (s2, e2) => { am.RestartPackage(listRunningTasks[e.Position].BaseActivity.PackageName); btnGetTask.PerformClick(); }, (s3, e3) => { }); } else if (contentShown == 2) { MessageBox.Confirm(this, "提示", "确定关闭此服务吗?", (s2, e2) => { am.RestartPackage(listRunningServices[e.Position].Service.PackageName); btnGetService.PerformClick(); }, (s3, e3) => { }); } }; } }