web application by java based on jsp, servlet and hibernate_onservletbasedwebapplication-CSDN博客

本文介绍了一个使用JSP、Servlet及Hibernate技术搭建的Java Web应用程序。该应用实现了用户数据的输入、保存及展示功能，并详细说明了从项目创建到运行的全过程。

Project Description:

This Web Application is developed to save user data to a database Fields. In this project, JSP is the interface, Hibernate and PostgreSQL are the data base, and Servlet is the controller.

Tools:

Java
Hibernate
PostgreSQL
Tomcat

Project Structure:

Step 1: Create Dynamic Web Project

Step 2 : Add Jar files for PostgreSQL and Hibernate:

Step 3 : Create hibernate.cfg.xml file in src directory:

The file hibernate.cfg.xml is used to configure the data base for the project.

hibernate.cfg.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
		"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
		"http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
	  <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">org.postgresql.Driver</property>
	  <property name="hibernate.connection.password">password</property>
	  <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:postgresql://localhost:5432/userdata</property>
	  <property name="hibernate.connection.username">postgres</property>
	  <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
	  <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.PostgreSQLDialect</property>
	  <property name="cache.provider_class">org.hibernate.cache.internal.NoCacheProvider</property>
	  <property name="show_sql">true</property>
	  <property name="current_session_context_class">thread</property>
	  <mapping class="org.webapp.data.UserDetails"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

Step 4 : Create web.xml file for JSP and Servlet configuration in WEB-INF

web.xml :

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" metadata-complete="true" version="3.1">
  <servlet>
    <description>User Data Input</description>
    <display-name>User Data Input</display-name>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.webapp.servlets.UserServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UserServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/UserServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>userInput.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>MoreUserServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.webapp.servlets.MoreUserServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>MoreUserServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/MoreUserServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>UserDataServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.webapp.servlets.UserDataServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>UserDataServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/UserDataServlet</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

Step 6 : Create the jsp and css files in WebContent

style.css :

@CHARSET "ISO-8859-1";
#container .small{
color:#666666;
display:block;
font-size:11px;
font-weight:normal;
text-align:right;
width:140px;
}
#container input{
float:left;
font-size:12px;
padding:4px 2px;
border:solid 1px burlywood;
width:200px;
margin:2px 0 20px 10px;
border-radius: 5px;
}
#container button{
clear:both;
margin-left:150px;
width:125px;
height:31px;
background:#666666;
text-align:center;
line-height:31px;
color:#FFFFFF;
font-size:11px;
font-weight:bold;
border-radius: 5px;
}
table, tr, td{
border-radius: 5px;
border:solid 1px;
padding: 5px;
width: max-content;
}

userInput.jsp :

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>User Data Input Form</title>
<style type="text/css">
h3{font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; color:#0099cc;
text-align: center; text-decoration: underline }
table{font-family: Calibri; color:white; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal;width: 50%;
text-align:; background-color: #0099cc; border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px solid navy}
table.inner{border: 0px}
</style>
</head>
<body>
    <h3> User Data Input Form</h3>
    <form method="post" action="UserServlet">
        <table align="center" cellpadding="10">
            <tr>
                <td>*User Name :</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="username" maxlength="30"></td>
                <td>user name cannot be empty</td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Age :</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="age" maxlength="3"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Sex :</td>
                <td>
                    <select name="sex">
                        <option value="Male">Male</option>
                        <option value="Female">Female</option>
                    </select>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Active :</td>
                <td>
                    <select name="active">
                        <option value="Yes">Yes</option>
                        <option value="No">No</option>
                    </select>
                </td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td>Tags :</td>
                <td><input type="text" name="tags" maxlength="100"></td>
            </tr>
            <tr>
                <td colspan="2" align="center">
                <button type="submit">Submit</button>
                <button type="reset">Reset</button>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </table>
    </form>
</body>
</html>

confirm.jsp :

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>User Data Input Confirmation</title>
<style type="text/css">
h3{font-family: Calibri; font-size: 22pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: bold; color:#0099cc;
text-align: center; text-decoration: underline }
table{font-family: Calibri; color:white; font-size: 11pt; font-style: normal;width: 20%;
text-align:; background-color: #0099cc; border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px solid navy}
table.inner{border: 0px}
</style>
</head>
<body>
	<H3>User Add Success</H3>
	<form method="post" action="MoreUserServlet">
		<table align="center" cellpadding="10">
		<tr><td colspan="2" align="center">
		<button type="submit">More User Data</button>
		</td></tr>
		</table>
	</form>
	<BR/>
	<form method="post" action="UserDataServlet">
		<table align="center" cellpadding="10">
		<tr><td colspan="2" align="center">
		<button type="submit">Display User Data</button>
		</td></tr>
		</table>
	</form>
</body>
</html>

dataCheck.jsp :

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@page import="java.util.List"%>
<%@page import="org.webapp.service.UserDetailsService"%>
<%@page import="org.webapp.data.UserDetails"%>
<%@page import="org.webapp.data.Gender"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
	<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
	<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="css/style.css"/> 
	<title>User Details Data</title>
</head>
<body>
	<div id="container">
		<table align="center">
			<thead>
				<tr>
					<th>User ID</th>
					<th>User Name</th>
					<th>Age</th>
					<th>Sex</th>
					<th>Active</th>
					<th>Tags</th>
				</tr>
			</thead>
			<tbody>
				<%
					List<UserDetails> users = UserDetailsService.getListOfUsers();
					for (UserDetails u : users) {
				%>
				<tr>
					<td><%=u.getUserId()%></td>
					<td><%=u.getUsername()%></td>
					<td><%=u.getAge()%></td>
					<td><%=u.getSex()%></td>
					<td><%=u.isActive()%></td>
					<td><%=u.getTags()%></td>
				</tr>
				<%}%>
			</tbody>
		</table>
		<br/>
	</div>
</body>
</html>

Step 7 : Create Data Object files

UserDetails.java :

package org.webapp.data;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.GenerationType;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class UserDetails {

	@Id @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.AUTO)
	private int userId;
	private String username;
	private Gender sex;
	private int age;
	private boolean active;
	private String tags;
		
	public UserDetails(String username, Gender sex, int age, boolean active, String tags) {
		super();
		this.username = username;
		this.sex = sex;
		this.age = age;
		this.active = active;
		this.tags = tags;
	}
	
	public int getUserId() {
		return userId;
	}
	public void setUserId(int userId) {
		this.userId = userId;
	}
	public String getUsername() {
		return username;
	}
	public void setUsername(String username) {
		this.username = username;
	}
	public Gender getSex() {
		return sex;
	}
	public void setSex(Gender sex) {
		this.sex = sex;
	}
	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}
	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
	public boolean isActive() {
		return active;
	}
	public void setActive(boolean active) {
		this.active = active;
	}
	public String getTags() {
		return tags;
	}
	public void setTags(String tags) {
		this.tags = tags;
	}
	
	
}

Gender.java :

<span style="color:#000000;">package org.webapp.data;

public enum Gender { 
	male, 
	female;
}
</span>

Step 8 : Create service class for Hibernate :

HibernateUtil.java :

package org.webapp.service;

import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;

public class HibernateUtil {

	private static final SessionFactory sessionFactory;
	
	static {
		try {
			// Create the SessionFactory from standard (hibernate.cfg.xml)
			// config file.
			sessionFactory = new Configuration().configure().buildSessionFactory();
		} catch (Throwable ex) {
			// Log the exception
			System.err.println("Initial SessionFactory creation failed." + ex);
			throw new ExceptionInInitializerError(ex);
		}
	}
	
	public static SessionFactory getSessionFactory() {
		return sessionFactory;
	}
}

UseDetailsService.java :

package org.webapp.service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.webapp.data.Gender;
import org.webapp.data.UserDetails;

public class UserDetailsService {
	
	// initialize an user and add into database
	public static void createUserDetails(String username, Gender sex, int age, boolean active, String tags ) {
		UserDetails user = new UserDetails(username, sex, age, active, tags);
		
		Transaction trns = null;
		Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
		
		try {
			trns = session.beginTransaction();
			session.save(user);
			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			if (trns != null) {
				trns.rollback();
			}
			ex.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			session.flush();
			session.close();
		}
		
	}
	
	// add user into database
	public static void createUserDetails(UserDetails user) {		
		Transaction trns = null;
		Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
		
		try {
			trns = session.beginTransaction();
			session.save(user);
			session.getTransaction().commit();
		} catch (RuntimeException ex) {
			if (trns != null) {
				trns.rollback();
			}
			ex.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			session.flush();
			session.close();
		}
		
	}
	
	// return the list of user from database
	public static List<UserDetails> getListOfUsers() {
		List<UserDetails> users = new ArrayList<>();
		Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
		Transaction trns = null;
		
		try {
			trns = session.beginTransaction();
			Query query = session.createQuery("from UserDetails");
			users = (List<UserDetails>) query.list();
			trns.commit();
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			if(trns != null) {
				trns.rollback();
			}
			ex.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}
		return users;
	}
	
	// return the user with specified userId
	public static UserDetails getUserbyUserId(int userId) {
		Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().openSession();
		Transaction trns = null;
		UserDetails user = null;
		
		try {
			trns = session.beginTransaction();
			Query query = session.createQuery("from UserDetails where userId = '"+userId+"' ");
			user = (UserDetails) query.uniqueResult();
			trns.commit();
		} catch (Exception ex) {
			if(trns != null) {
				trns.rollback();
			}
			ex.printStackTrace();
		} finally {
			session.close();
		}
		return user;
	}
}

Step 9 : Create Servlet Class :

UserServlet.java

package org.webapp.servlets;

import java.io.IOException;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;

import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.webapp.data.Gender;
import org.webapp.data.UserDetails;
import org.webapp.service.UserDetailsService;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UserServlet
 */
@Entity
@WebServlet("UserServlet")
public class UserServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;

    /**
     * Default constructor. 
     */
    public UserServlet() {
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		String username = request.getParameter("username").trim();
		String sexString = request.getParameter("sex");
		String ageString = request.getParameter("age").trim();
		String activeString = request.getParameter("active");
		String tags = request.getParameter("tags").trim();
		
		if (username.equals("")) {
			RequestDispatcher rdp = request.getRequestDispatcher("/userInput.jsp");
			rdp.forward(request, response);
		} else {
			Gender sex;
			int age;
			boolean active;
					
			if(sexString.equals("Male")) {
				sex = Gender.male;
			} else {
				sex = Gender.female;
			}
			
			try {
				age = Integer.parseInt(ageString);
			} catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
				age = 0;
			}
			if (activeString.equals("Yes")) {
				active = true;
			} else {
				active = false;
			}
			
			// add user into data base
			UserDetailsService.createUserDetails(username, sex, age, active, tags);
			
			RequestDispatcher rdp = request.getRequestDispatcher("/confirm.jsp");
			rdp.forward(request, response);
		}

	}
	
	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

MoreUserServlet.java :

package org.webapp.servlets;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.webapp.service.UserDetailsService;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class MoreUserServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/MoreUserServlet")
public class MoreUserServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public MoreUserServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		RequestDispatcher rdp = request.getRequestDispatcher("/userInput.jsp");
		rdp.forward(request, response);	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

UserDataServlet.java :

package org.webapp.servlets;

import java.io.IOException;

import javax.servlet.RequestDispatcher;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

/**
 * Servlet implementation class UserDataServlet
 */
@WebServlet("/UserDataServlet")
public class UserDataServlet extends HttpServlet {
	private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
       
    /**
     * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()
     */
    public UserDataServlet() {
        super();
        // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
    }

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		RequestDispatcher rdp = request.getRequestDispatcher("/dataCheck.jsp");
		rdp.forward(request, response);	
	}

	/**
	 * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
	 */
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {
		// TODO Auto-generated method stub
		doGet(request, response);
	}

}

Run the Web Application:

right click on the project, Run as -> Run on Server (select Tomcat) -> Finish

User Data Input Page :

Confirm Page :

User Data Display Page :

Junit Test:

An Junit test case from checking the user data input can be stored in database.

UserDataJunit.java :

package org.webapp.test;

import org.webapp.data.UserDetails;
import org.webapp.service.UserDetailsService;

public class UserDataJunit {
	
	public UserDetails addUser(UserDetails user) {
		UserDetailsService.createUserDetails(user);
		int userId = user.getUserId();
		return UserDetailsService.getUserbyUserId(userId);
	}
}

UserJunitTest.java :

package org.webapp.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.webapp.data.UserDetails;

public class UserJunitTest {

	@Test
	public void userAdded() {
		UserDataJunit test = new UserDataJunit();
		UserDetails user = new UserDetails();
		user.setUsername("test");
		UserDetails userAdd = test.addUser(user);
		assertEquals(user.getUserId(), userAdd.getUserId());
		assertEquals(user.getUsername(), userAdd.getUsername());
	}
}

Conclusion:

The Application is the basic Demo for Java Web App develop by integrating JSP, Servlet and Hibernate. The function is to put user information into data base.

Further improvements are: