C#文件ashx（一）实现文件上传以及模拟接口回调（不访问真实数据库）

最新推荐文章于 2026-06-20 12:36:33 发布

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本文介绍了如何使用C#的ashx文件实现文件上传功能，并模拟接口回调，无需访问真实数据库。首先在项目中创建对应的文件夹结构，然后在WebForm1.aspx页面动态加载上传组件。接着编写上传ashx文件，设定上传路径。最后通过ashx文件模拟接口测试。整个过程简洁易懂，适合有一定C#基础的读者。

最近学习起了C#，刚刚开始真的对ashx文件不知所以，后面发现这个用起来真的挺不错，看这篇文章的需要有一点的C#基础，怎么建项目这里我就不多说了，我这里在项目新建了两个文件夹，一个叫NewTest放了接口回调的文件，TestFile放了文件上传的文件（没有对里面文件命名，所以以文件夹名字区分），结构图如下所示，入口是WebForm1.aspx

（注意：这里使用了jQuery和Layui，别忘了在项目目录里面放入相关的这些文件并在aspx页面引入）

一、在项目目录建立好接收上传文件的文件夹：\WebApplication1\TestFile\UploadFiles，然后我们编写WebForm1.aspx页面，这里我采用动态加载上传组件，点击了第一个才会显示上传功能

<%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="WebForm1.aspx.cs" Inherits="WebApplication1.TestFile.WebForm1" %>

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head runat="server">
    <title>上传测试</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="layui/css/layui.css" />
     <script type="text/javascript" src="jq/jquery.min.js"></script>
     <script type="text/javascript" src="layui/layui.js"></script>

</head>
<body>

    <div class="layui-form">
         <button id = "btn1" >按钮测试-显示上传</button>
         <button id = "btn2" >按钮测试-测试接口</button>
         <div class="layui-upload" id = "uploadXMJCFJDiv">
         </div>
    </div>
</body>
<script type="text/javascript">
    var upload;
    var uploadListIns;
    $(document).ready(function () {
        //上传
        $("#btn1").click(function () {
            alert("按钮btn1-初始化上传组件");
            createParentUpload(1);  //tzId请忽略，这是测试参数
        });
        //接口
        $("#btn2").click(function () {
            var jsonString = '{"DJName":"单据名称","DJID":"111","DJRemark":"这个是测试单据","DJContent":["FILE1","FILE2"]}';
            console.log("按钮btn2-测试接口-假数据jsonString = " + jsonString);
            var data = $.parseJSON(jsonString);
            urlform = "/NewTest/Handler1.ashx?fun=test1&danjuName=" + encodeURI(data.DJName) + "&danjuId=" + encodeURI(data.DJID) + "&djContent=" + encodeURI(data.DJContent);
            console.log("urlform = " + urlform);
            var a = $.ajax({
                type: "GET",
                url: urlform,
                //data:JSON.stringify(qjMap),
                dataType: "text",
                contentType: "application/html; charset=utf-8",
                success: function (res) {
                    console.log("res = " + res);
                }
            });
        });
    });

    layui.use(['form', 'element', 'upload'], function () {
        var $ = layui.jquery,
                element = layui.element,
                form = layui.form;
        upload = layui.upload;
        form.render("select");
    });

    function createParentUpload(tzId) {
        $("#uploadXMJCFJDiv").html("");
        var uploadInfo = '<button type="button" class="layui-btn layui-btn-normal" id="selectList">选择文件并上传</button>';
        uploadInfo += '<div class="layui-upload-list"><table class="layui-table">';
        uploadInfo += '<thead><tr><th>文件名</th><th>大小</th><th>状态</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead>';
        uploadInfo += '<tbody id="demoList"></tbody></table></div>';
        $("#uploadXMJCFJDiv").html(uploadInfo);
        initParentUpload(tzId);
    }

    function initParentUpload(tzId) {
        var demoListView = $('#demoList');
        var urlform = "/TestFile/Handler1.ashx";
        //执行实例
        uploadListIns = upload.render({
            elem: '#selectList' //绑定元素
            , url: urlform //上传接口
            , accept: 'file'
            , multiple: true
            , data: { tz_id: tzId }
            , choose: function (obj) {
                var files = this.files = obj.pushFile(); //将每次选择的文件追加到文件队列
                //读取本地文件
        obj.preview(function (index, file, result) {
            var tr = $(['<tr id="upload-' + index + '">'
          , '<td>' + file.name + '</td>'
          , '<td>' + (file.size / 1014).toFixed(1) + 'kb</td>'
          , '<td>等待上传</td>'
          , '<td>'
            , '<button class="layui-btn layui-btn-xs demo-reload layui-hide">重传</button>'
            , '<button class="layui-btn layui-btn-xs layui-btn-danger demo-delete">删除</button>'
          , '</td>'
        , '</tr>'].join(''));

            //单个重传
            tr.find('.demo-reload').on('click', function () {
                obj.upload(index, file);
            });

            //删除
            tr.find('.demo-delete').on('click', function () {
                delete files[index]; //删除对应的文件
                tr.remove();
                uploadListIns.config.elem.next()[0].value = ''; //清空 input file 值，以免删除后出现同名文件不可选
            });

            demoListView.append(tr);
        });
    }
    , done: function (res, index, upload) {
        //上传完毕回调
        layer.closeAll('loading'); //关闭loading
        console.log("res = " + res + ",res.code = " + res.code);
        if (res.code == 0) {
            var tr = demoListView.find('tr#upload-' + index)
          , tds = tr.children();
            tds.eq(2).html('<span style="color: #5FB878;">上传成功</span>');
            tds.eq(3).html(''); //清空操作
            //console.log("tzId = "+tzId+", data = "+res.data);
            return delete this.files[index]; //删除文件队列已经上传成功的文件
        }
        this.error(index, upload);
    }
    , error: function (index, upload) {
        //请求异常回调
        layer.closeAll('loading'); //关闭loading
        var tr = demoListView.find('tr#upload-' + index), tds = tr.children();
        tds.eq(2).html('<span style="color: #FF5722;">上传失败</span>');
        tds.eq(3).find('.demo-reload').removeClass('layui-hide'); //显示重传
    }
    , allDone: function (obj) { //当文件全部被提交后，才触发
        console.log(obj.total); //得到总文件数
        console.log(obj.successful); //请求成功的文件数
        console.log(obj.aborted); //请求失败的文件数
    }
    });
}
</script>
</html>

二、编写上传的ashx文件，上传路径就取我们上面新建的文件夹路径

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Sql;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;

namespace WebApplication1.TestFile
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Handler1 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    public class Handler1 : IHttpHandler
    {

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            //Page_Load(context);
        string fk;
        int code = 1; //默认状态为1
        String fileNameList = "{}";
        string dateString = "";
        try
        {
            HttpFileCollection files = context.Request.Files;
            string filePath = context.Server.MapPath(@"./UploadFiles");
            if (files.Count > 0)
            {
                fileNameList =  "";
                for (int i = 0; i < files.Count; i++)
                {
                    DateTime date = DateTime.Now;
                    dateString = date.ToString(@"yyyy\-MM\-dd HH\:mm\:ss\:ff");
                    //转换文件名前缀用时间
                    string time = dateString.Replace("-", "");
                    time = time.Replace(":", "");
                    time = time.Replace(" ", "");
                    dateString = dateString.Substring(0, dateString.Length - 3);
                    string fileName = time + "-" + files[0].FileName;
                    fileNameList += ",'"+fileName+"'";
                    files[i].SaveAs(Path.Combine(filePath, fileName));
                }
                fileNameList = fileNameList.Substring(1, fileNameList.Length - 1);
                fileNameList = "["+fileNameList+"]";
            }
            fk = "success";
            code = 0;  //0表示上传成功
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            fk = "failure-"+ex.ToString();
            
        }
        string res = "{'code':" + code + ",'msg':'" + fk + "','data':{'fileNameList':" + fileNameList + ",'dateString':'" + dateString + "'}}";
        res = res.Replace("\'", "\"");
        context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
        context.Response.Write(res);
        context.Response.End();
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

三、模拟接口测试ashx：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.Sql;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Net;
using System.Text;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.UI.WebControls;
using System.Xml;


namespace WebApplication1.NewTest
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Handler1 的摘要说明
    /// </summary>
    public class Handler1 : IHttpHandler
    {

        public void ProcessRequest(HttpContext context)
        {
            context.Response.ContentType = "Json";
            int djId = Convert.ToInt32(context.Request.QueryString["danjuId"].ToString());
            string djName = context.Request.QueryString["danjuName"].ToString();
            string djContent = context.Request.QueryString["djContent"].ToString();
            string fun = context.Request.QueryString["fun"].ToString();

            context.Response.Write(fun);
            //context.Response.ContentType = "text/plain";
            //context.Response.Write("Hello World");
        }

        public bool IsReusable
        {
            get
            {
                return false;
            }
        }
    }
}

四、效果图