Android详细教程（基础篇）：二十九、Android 多媒体技术之Paint 、Bitmap、 Matrix、 Animation详解

public class

Paint

extends Object

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.graphics.Paint.Style;

import android.graphics.Rect;

import android.graphics.RectF;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                               // 覆写绘图方法

                       canvas.drawColor(Color.WHITE) ;                                                            // 设置背景颜色

                       Paint paint = new Paint() ;                                                                        // 定义Paint对象

                       paint.setColor(Color.BLUE) ;                                                                    // 设置为蓝色显示

                       canvas.drawCircle(30, 50, 25, paint) ;                                          // 画圆

                       paint.setColor(Color.BLACK) ;                                                                  // 设置为黑色显示

                       canvas.drawRect(80, 20, 160, 80, paint) ;                        // 画矩形

                       Rect rect = new Rect() ;                                                                            // 定义矩形

                       rect.set(180, 20, 300, 80);                                                                        // 设置矩形大小

                       paint.setStyle(Style.STROKE);                                                                   // 空心显示

                       canvas.drawRect(rect, paint) ;                                                                 // 画矩形

                       paint.setColor(Color.RED) ;                                                                      // 设置为红色

                       paint.setTextSize(20) ;                                                                                          // 设置字体大小

                       canvas.drawText("杨雄android工作室", 10, 110, paint);       // 显示文字

                       paint.setColor(Color.BLACK) ;                                                                  // 设置为黑色显示

                       canvas.drawLine(10, 120, 300, 120, paint);                                // 画线

                       RectF oval = new RectF() ;                                                                        // 定义参考矩形

                       oval.set(10.0f, 140.0f, 110.0f, 200.0f);                             // 定义大小

                       canvas.drawOval(oval, paint) ;                                                                 // 画椭圆

                       oval = new RectF() ;                                                                                  // 定义参考矩形

                       oval.set(150.0f, 140.0f, 210.0f, 200.0f);                          // 定义大小

                       canvas.drawArc(oval, 150.0f, 140.0f, true, paint) ;// 画弧

            }

}

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    tools:context=".PaintActivity" >

    <com.makyan.demo.MyView

        android:id="@+id/myView"

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</LinearLayout>

public final class

Bitmap

extends Object

implements Parcelable

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Color;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                   // 绘图

                       Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.tt);

                       Paint paint = new Paint();

                       paint.setAntiAlias(true);                                                               // 消除锯齿

                       canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, paint);            // 画图

                       paint.setColor(Color.BLUE);                                                         // 蓝色字体

                       paint.setTextSize(20);                                                                               // 定义字号

                       canvas.drawText(

                                               "图片高度：" + bitmap.getHeight() + "，图片宽度：" + bitmap.getWidth(),

                                               10, bitmap.getHeight() + 20, paint);         // 输出文字

            }

}

<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    tools:context=".BitmapActivity" >

    <com.makyan.demo.MyView

        android:id="@+id/myview"

                       android:layout_width="fill_parent"

                       android:layout_height="fill_parent" />

</LinearLayout>

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.util.DisplayMetrics;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                   // 绘图

                       DisplayMetrics dm = getResources().getDisplayMetrics();

                       int screenWidth = dm.widthPixels ;                                             // 取得手机屏幕的宽度

                       int screenHeight = dm.heightPixels ;                               // 取得手机屏幕的高度

                       Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.tt);                                            // 取得Bitmap

                       bitmap = Bitmap.createScaledBitmap(bitmap, screenWidth, screenHeight,

                                               true);                                                                                              // 创建一个指定大小的图片

                       Paint paint = new Paint();

                       paint.setAntiAlias(true);                                                               // 消除锯齿

                       canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, paint);            // 画图

            }

}

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.graphics.Rect;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                   // 绘图

                       Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.tt);                                            // 取得Bitmap

                       Paint paint = new Paint();

                       paint.setAntiAlias(true);                                                               // 消除锯齿

                       canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, null, new Rect(30, 50, 200, 200),

                                               paint);                                                                                            // 画图

            }

}

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Paint;

import android.graphics.Rect;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                   // 绘图

                       Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.tt);                                            // 取得Bitmap

                       Paint paint = new Paint();

                       paint.setAntiAlias(true);                                                               // 消除锯齿

                       canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, new Rect(10,10,100,100), new Rect(10,10,100,100),

                                               paint);                                                                                            // 画图

            }

}

public class

Matrix

extends Object

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Matrix;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            private Bitmap bitmap = null ;

            private Matrix matrix = new Matrix();

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

                       this.bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.dg);                                                      // 取得Bitmap

                       float cosValue = (float) Math.cos(-Math.PI/3);               // 60度

                       float sinValue = (float) Math.sin(-Math.PI/3);    // 60度

                       this.matrix.setValues(new float[] {

                                               cosValue,      // X轴的缩放，1表示原始大小

                                               -sinValue,      // 旋转的X轴

                                               100,               // x轴平移

                                               sinValue,       // 旋转Y轴

                                               cosValue,      // Y轴的缩放，1表示原始大小

                                               200,               // y轴平移

                                               0, 0,                // 视角转换

                                               2 });                // 缩放比例，1不变，2表示1/2

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                               // 绘图

                       canvas.drawBitmap(this.bitmap, this.matrix, null); // 画图

            }

}

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

    android:layout_width="match_parent"

    android:layout_height="match_parent"

    android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"

    android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"

    tools:context=".MatrixActivity" >

    <com.makyan.demo.MyView

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"/>

</RelativeLayout>

package com.makyan.demo;

import android.content.Context;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.Canvas;

import android.graphics.Matrix;

import android.util.AttributeSet;

import android.view.View;

public class MyView extends View {

            private Bitmap bitmap = null ;

            private Matrix matrix = new Matrix();

            public MyView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {

                       super(context, attrs);

                       this.bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(super.getResources(),

                                               R.drawable.dg);                                                      // 取得Bitmap

                       this.matrix.preScale(0.5f, 0.5f, 50, 100);                         // 缩小一倍

                       this.matrix.preRotate(-60, 50, 100) ;                                // 在指定坐标翻转60度

                       this.matrix.preTranslate(50, 100) ;                                    // 图象平移

            }

            @Override

            protected void onDraw(Canvas canvas) {                                               // 绘图

                       canvas.drawBitmap(this.bitmap, this.matrix, null); // 画图

            }

}

表一

属性[类型]

功能

Duration[long]

属性为动画持续时间

时间以毫秒为单位

fillAfter [boolean]

当设置为true ，该动画转化在动画结束后被应用

fillBefore[boolean]

当设置为true ，该动画转化在动画开始前被应用

interpolator

指定一个动画的插入器

有一些常见的插入器

accelerate_decelerate_interpolator

加速-减速 动画插入器

accelerate_interpolator

加速-动画插入器

decelerate_interpolator

减速- 动画插入器

其他的属于特定的动画效果

repeatCount[int]

动画的重复次数

repeatMode[String]

定义重复的行为

1："restart" 2："reverse"   eg: android:repeatMode="reverse"

startOffset[long]

动画之间的时间间隔，从上次动画停多少时间开始执行下个动画

zAdjustment[int]

定义动画的Z Order的改变

0：保持Z Order不变

1：保持在最上层

-1：保持在最下层

表二

XML节点

功能说明

alpha

渐变透明度动画效果

<alpha

android:fromAlpha=”0.1″

android:toAlpha=”1.0″

android:duration=”3000″ />

fromAlpha

属性为动画起始时透明度

0.0表示完全透明

1.0表示完全不透明

以上值取0.0-1.0之间的float数据类型的数字

toAlpha

属性为动画结束时透明度

表三

scale

渐变尺寸伸缩动画效果

<scale

android:interpolator= “@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator”

android:fromXScale=”0.0″

android:toXScale=”1.4″

android:fromYScale=”0.0″

android:toYScale=”1.4″

android:pivotX=”50%”

android:pivotY=”50%”

android:fillAfter=”false”

android:startOffset=“700”

android:duration=”700″

android:repeatCount=”10″ />

fromXScale[float] fromYScale[float]

为动画起始时，X、Y坐标上的伸缩尺寸

0.0表示收缩到没有

1.0表示正常无伸缩

值小于1.0表示收缩

值大于1.0表示放大

toXScale [float]

toYScale[float]

为动画结束时，X、Y坐标上的伸缩尺寸

pivotX[float]

pivotY[float]

为动画相对于物件的X、Y坐标的开始位置

属性值说明：从0%-100%中取值，50%为物件的X或Y方向坐标上的中点位置

表四

translate

画面转换位置移动动画效果

<translate

android:fromXDelta=”30″

android:toXDelta=”-80″

android:fromYDelta=”30″

android:toYDelta=”300″

android:duration=”2000″ />

fromXDelta

toXDelta

为动画、结束起始时 X坐标上的位置

fromYDelta

toYDelta

为动画、结束起始时 Y坐标上的位置

表五

rotate

画面转移旋转动画效果

<rotate

android:interpolator=”@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator”

android:fromDegrees=”0″

android:toDegrees=”+350″

android:pivotX=”50%”

android:pivotY=”50%”

android:duration=”3000″ />

fromDegrees

为动画起始时物件的角度

说明

当角度为负数——表示逆时针旋转

当角度为正数——表示顺时针旋转

(负数from——to正数:顺时针旋转)

(负数from——to负数:逆时针旋转)

(正数from——to正数:顺时针旋转)

(正数from——to负数:逆时针旋转)

toDegrees

属性为动画结束时物件旋转的角度 可以大于360度

pivotX

pivotY

为动画相对于物件的X、Y坐标的开始位

说明：以上两个属性值 从0%-100%中取值

50%为物件的X或Y方向坐标上的中点位置

//main.xml中的ImageView

ImageView spaceshipImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.spaceshipImage);

//加载动画

Animation hyperspaceJumpAnimation =

AnimationUtils.loadAnimation(this, R.anim.hyperspace_jump);

//使用ImageView显示动画

spaceshipImage.startAnimation(hyperspaceJumpAnimation);

Interpolator对象

资源ID

功能作用

AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator

@android:anim/accelerate_decelerate_interpolator

先加速再减速

AccelerateInterpolator

@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator

加速

AnticipateInterpolator

@android:anim/anticipate_interpolator

先回退一小步然后加速前进

AnticipateOvershootInterpolator

@android:anim/anticipate_overshoot_interpolator

在上一个基础上超出终点一小步再回到终点

BounceInterpolator

@android:anim/bounce_interpolator

最后阶段弹球效果

CycleInterpolator

@android:anim/cycle_interpolator

周期运动

DecelerateInterpolator

@android:anim/decelerate_interpolator

减速

LinearInterpolator

@android:anim/linear_interpolator

匀速

OvershootInterpolator

@android:anim/overshoot_interpolator

快速到达终点并超出一小步最后回到终点

XML属性

说明

drawable

当前帧引用的drawable资源

duration

当前帧显示的时间（毫秒为单位）

oneshot

如果为true，表示动画只播放一次停止在最后一帧上，如果设置为false表示动画循环播放。

variablePadding

If true, allows the drawable’s padding to change based on the current state that is selected.

visible

规定drawable的初始可见性，默认为flase；

<animation-list xmlns:android=”http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android”

android:oneshot=”true”>

   <item android:drawable=”@drawable/rocket_thrust1″ android:duration=”200″ />

   <item android:drawable=”@drawable/rocket_thrust2″ android:duration=”200″ />

   <item android:drawable=”@drawable/rocket_thrust3″ android:duration=”200″ />

</animation-list>

ImageView rocketImage = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.rocket_image);

rocketImage.setBackgroundResource(R.anim.rocket_thrust);

rocketAnimation = (AnimationDrawable) rocketImage.getBackground();

public boolean onTouchEvent(MotionEvent event) {

if (event.getAction() == MotionEvent.ACTION_DOWN) {

rocketAnimation.start();

return true;

 }

 return super.onTouchEvent(event);

}

AnimationDrawable

获取、设置动画的属性

int getDuration()

获取动画的时长

int getNumberOfFrames()

获取动画的帧数

boolean isOneShot()

Void setOneShot(boolean oneshot)

获取oneshot属性

设置oneshot属性

void inflate(Resurce r,XmlPullParser p,

AttributeSet attrs)

增加、获取帧动画

Drawable getFrame(int index)

获取某帧的Drawable资源

void addFrame(Drawable frame,int duration)

为当前动画增加帧（资源，持续时长）

动画控制

void start()

开始动画

void run()

外界不能直接掉调用，使用start()替代

boolean  isRunning()

当前动画是否在运行

void stop()

停止当前动画

AnimationSet animationSet = new AnimationSet(true); 

AlphaAnimation alphaAnimation = new AlphaAnimation(1, 0); 

RotateAnimation rotateAnimation = new RotateAnimation(0, 360, 

        Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF,0.5f, 

        Animation.RELATIVE_TO_SELF,0.5f); 

rotateAnimation.setDuration(1000); 

animationSet.addAnimation(rotateAnimation);  

animationSet.addAnimation(alphaAnimation); 

image.startAnimation(animationSet);

android:interpolator="@android:anim/accelerate_interpolator" 

android:shareInterpolator="true"

animationSet.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());  

alphaAnimation.setInterpolator(new AccelerateInterpolator());

<layoutAnimation  

    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 

    android:delay="0.5" 

    android:animationOrder="normal" 

    android:animation="@anim/list_anim"/>

android:layoutAnimation="@anim/list_anim_layout"

Animation animation = (Animation)AnimationUtils.loadAnimation( 

    AnimationsActivity.this, R.anim.list_anim);

LayoutAnimationController controller = new LayoutAnimationController(animation); 

controller.setOrder(LayoutAnimationController.ORDER_NORMAL); 

controller.setDelay(0.5f);

listView.setLayoutAnimation(controller);

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" 

    android:id="@+id/layout" 

    android:orientation="vertical"  

    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

    android:layout_height="fill_parent"> 

    <Button android:id="@+id/addButton"  

        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  

        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true" 

        android:text="添加图片" /> 

    <Button android:id="@+id/deleteButton"  

        android:layout_width="fill_parent" 

        android:layout_height="wrap_content"  

        android:layout_above="@id/addButton" 

        android:text="删除图片" /> 

    <ImageView android:id="@+id/image" 

        android:layout_width="wrap_content"  

        android:layout_height="wrap_content" 

        android:layout_centerInParent="true"  

        android:layout_marginTop="100dip" 

        android:src="@drawable/image" /> 

</RelativeLayout> 

package com.android.activity; 

import android.app.Activity; 

import android.os.Bundle; 

import android.view.View; 

import android.view.View.OnClickListener; 

import android.view.ViewGroup; 

import android.view.ViewGroup.LayoutParams; 

import android.view.animation.AlphaAnimation; 

import android.view.animation.Animation; 

import android.view.animation.Animation.AnimationListener; 

import android.widget.Button; 

import android.widget.ImageView; 

public class AnimationListenerActivity extends Activity { 

    private Button addButton = null; 

    private Button deleteButton = null; 

    private ImageView imageView = null; 

    private ViewGroup viewGroup = null; 

    @Override 

    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { 

        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); 

        setContentView(R.layout.main); 

        addButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.addButton); 

        deleteButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.deleteButton); 

        imageView = (ImageView)findViewById(R.id.image); 

        //LinearLayout下的一组控件 

        viewGroup = (ViewGroup)findViewById(R.id.layout); 

        addButton.setOnClickListener(new AddButtonListener()); 

        deleteButton.setOnClickListener(new DeleteButtonListener()); 

    } 

    private class AddButtonListener implements OnClickListener{ 

        public void onClick(View v) { 

            //淡入 

            AlphaAnimation animation = new AlphaAnimation(0.0f, 1.0f); 

            animation.setDuration(1000); 

            animation.setStartOffset(500); 

            //创建一个新的ImageView 

            ImageView newImageView = new ImageView( 

                AnimationListenerActivity.this); 

            newImageView.setImageResource(R.drawable.image); 

            viewGroup.addView(newImageView, 

                new LayoutParams( 

                    LayoutParams.FILL_PARENT, 

                    LayoutParams.WRAP_CONTENT)); 

            newImageView.startAnimation(animation); 

        } 

    } 

    private class DeleteButtonListener implements OnClickListener{ 

        public void onClick(View v) { 

            //淡出 

            AlphaAnimation animation = new AlphaAnimation(1.0f, 0.0f); 

            animation.setDuration(1000); 

            animation.setStartOffset(500); 

            //为Aniamtion对象设置监听器 

            animation.setAnimationListener( 

                new RemoveAnimationListener()); 

            imageView.startAnimation(animation); 

        } 

    } 

    private class RemoveAnimationListener implements AnimationListener{ 

        //动画效果执行完时remove 

        public void onAnimationEnd(Animation animation) { 

            System.out.println("onAnimationEnd"); 

            viewGroup.removeView(imageView); 

        } 

        public void onAnimationRepeat(Animation animation) { 

            System.out.println("onAnimationRepeat"); 

        } 

        public void onAnimationStart(Animation animation) { 

            System.out.println("onAnimationStart"); 

        } 

    } 

}