ssh连接虚拟机失败_ssh连接不上虚拟机-CSDN博客

ssh连接虚拟机失败

打开ssh连接工具，发现连接不上
用ssh工具连接但是很慢才连接上

有时候，已经配置好了虚拟机网络ip，想要和本机上的远程工具连接时，发现本地ping不通虚拟机网络；
在虚拟机安装时忘记设置固定ip了，怎么处理；
ssh连接虚拟机要等很长时间才能连接上，但是很快又断开！

打开ssh连接工具，发现连接不上

1. 在虚拟机中输入ifconfig

[root@oel79 ~]# ipconfig
bash: ipconfig: command not found...
[root@oel79 ~]# ifconfig
ens33: flags=4163<UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        ether 00:0c:29:e2:f3:31  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 23  bytes 1571 (1.5 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

lo: flags=73<UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING>  mtu 65536
        inet 127.0.0.1  netmask 255.0.0.0
        inet6 ::1  prefixlen 128  scopeid 0x10<host>
        loop  txqueuelen 1000  (Local Loopback)
        RX packets 116  bytes 8884 (8.6 KiB)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 116  bytes 8884 (8.6 KiB)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

virbr0: flags=4099<UP,BROADCAST,MULTICAST>  mtu 1500
        inet 192.168.122.1  netmask 255.255.255.0  broadcast 192.168.122.255
        ether 52:54:00:2a:38:0d  txqueuelen 1000  (Ethernet)
        RX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        RX errors 0  dropped 0  overruns 0  frame 0
        TX packets 0  bytes 0 (0.0 B)
        TX errors 0  dropped 0 overruns 0  carrier 0  collisions 0

发现，ip并不是之前设置的ip: 192.168.6.10

2. 找到网络配置文件

cd /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/

ls -la ifcfg-ens*

发现 ifcfg-ens33文件,进行备份
在这里插入图片描述

cp /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33 /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33.bak

# cp备份文件

3. 编辑配置文件

vi /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-ens33

单击 i 进入编辑模式
修改完成后
:wq 回车 结束并保存修改

按照如下格式进行修改

TYPE=Ethernet
PROXY_METHOD=none
BROWSER_ONLY=no
BOOTPROTO=none
DEFROUTE=yes
IPV4_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6INIT=yes
IPV6_AUTOCONF=yes
IPV6_DEFROUTE=yes
IPV6_FAILURE_FATAL=no
IPV6_ADDR_GEN_MODE=stable-privacy
NAME=ens33
UUID=c05297b6-be4e-479a-87cd-517242d526ed
DEVICE=ens33
ONBOOT=yes    # 这里是no修改成yes
IPADDR=192.168.6.10
PREFIX=24
IPV6_PRIVACY=no

# 添加 
GATEWAY=192.168.6.1
DNS1=114.114.114.114
DNS2=8.8.8.8

4. 重启网络

systemctl restart network

5. 进行验证

ip addr show ens33
# 或
ifconfig ens33

发现已经出现 192.168.6.10

在这里插入图片描述

以上设置完成后，就可以和主机进行连接了

用ssh工具连接但是很慢才连接上

这时候出现新的问题

[!NOTE]

主机可以ping通192.168.6.10

但是ssh连接很慢，且一连接上就断开

“连接主机成功 channel is not opened.连接断开”

问题解析：

连接慢：通常是 DNS 解析或 GSSAPI 认证导致的
channel is not opened：通道建立失败，可能是 PAM、systemd-logind 或 SFTP 子系统问题

1. 重启服务

# 重启 systemd-logind 服务
systemctl restart systemd-logind

# 重启 SSH 服务
systemctl restart sshd

2. 优化 SSH 配置

# 编辑ssh配置文件

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config

打开发现如下配置：

#	$OpenBSD: sshd_config,v 1.100 2016/08/15 12:32:04 naddy Exp $

# This is the sshd server system-wide configuration file.  See
# sshd_config(5) for more information.

# This sshd was compiled with PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin

# The strategy used for options in the default sshd_config shipped with
# OpenSSH is to specify options with their default value where
# possible, but leave them commented.  Uncommented options override the
# default value.

# If you want to change the port on a SELinux system, you have to tell
# SELinux about this change.
# semanage port -a -t ssh_port_t -p tcp #PORTNUMBER
#
#Port 22
#AddressFamily any
#ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
#ListenAddress ::

HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key
#HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ecdsa_key
HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key

# Ciphers and keying
#RekeyLimit default none

# Logging
#SyslogFacility AUTH
SyslogFacility AUTHPRIV
#LogLevel INFO

# Authentication:

#LoginGraceTime 2m
#PermitRootLogin yes
#StrictModes yes
#MaxAuthTries 6
#MaxSessions 10

#PubkeyAuthentication yes

# The default is to check both .ssh/authorized_keys and .ssh/authorized_keys2
# but this is overridden so installations will only check .ssh/authorized_keys
AuthorizedKeysFile	.ssh/authorized_keys

#AuthorizedPrincipalsFile none

#AuthorizedKeysCommand none
#AuthorizedKeysCommandUser nobody

# For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts
#HostbasedAuthentication no
# Change to yes if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for
# HostbasedAuthentication
#IgnoreUserKnownHosts no
# Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files
#IgnoreRhosts yes

# To disable tunneled clear text passwords, change to no here!
#PasswordAuthentication yes
#PermitEmptyPasswords no
PasswordAuthentication yes

# Change to no to disable s/key passwords
#ChallengeResponseAuthentication yes
ChallengeResponseAuthentication no

# Kerberos options
#KerberosAuthentication no
#KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes
#KerberosTicketCleanup yes
#KerberosGetAFSToken no
#KerberosUseKuserok yes

# GSSAPI options
GSSAPIAuthentication yes                                # 修改为no
GSSAPICleanupCredentials no
#GSSAPIStrictAcceptorCheck yes
#GSSAPIKeyExchange no
#GSSAPIEnablek5users no

# Set this to 'yes' to enable PAM authentication, account processing,
# and session processing. If this is enabled, PAM authentication will
# be allowed through the ChallengeResponseAuthentication and
# PasswordAuthentication.  Depending on your PAM configuration,
# PAM authentication via ChallengeResponseAuthentication may bypass
# the setting of "PermitRootLogin without-password".
# If you just want the PAM account and session checks to run without
# PAM authentication, then enable this but set PasswordAuthentication
# and ChallengeResponseAuthentication to 'no'.
# WARNING: 'UsePAM no' is not supported in Red Hat Enterprise Linux and may cause several
# problems.
UsePAM yes

#AllowAgentForwarding yes
#AllowTcpForwarding yes
#GatewayPorts no
X11Forwarding yes
#X11DisplayOffset 10
#X11UseLocalhost yes
#PermitTTY yes
#PrintMotd yes
#PrintLastLog yes
#TCPKeepAlive yes
#UseLogin no
#UsePrivilegeSeparation sandbox
#PermitUserEnvironment no
#Compression delayed
#ClientAliveInterval 0
#ClientAliveCountMax 3
#ShowPatchLevel no
#UseDNS yes  															 # 修改为no 取消注释
#PidFile /var/run/sshd.pid
#MaxStartups 10:30:100
#PermitTunnel no
#ChrootDirectory none
#VersionAddendum none

# no default banner path
#Banner none

# Accept locale-related environment variables
AcceptEnv LANG LC_CTYPE LC_NUMERIC LC_TIME LC_COLLATE LC_MONETARY LC_MESSAGES
AcceptEnv LC_PAPER LC_NAME LC_ADDRESS LC_TELEPHONE LC_MEASUREMENT
AcceptEnv LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_ALL LANGUAGE
AcceptEnv XMODIFIERS

# override default of no subsystems
Subsystem	sftp	/usr/libexec/openssh/sftp-server

# Example of overriding settings on a per-user basis
#Match User anoncvs
#	X11Forwarding no
#	AllowTcpForwarding no
#	PermitTTY no                               # 取消注释 且 修改参数为yes
#	ForceCommand cvs server

2.1 修改连接慢的主要参数

# 禁用 DNS 反向解析 - 解决连接慢的最重要设置
UseDNS no

# 禁用 GSSAPI 认证 - 另一个导致慢的原因
GSSAPIAuthentication no

2.2 检查参数配置正确

# 确保开启 PTY 分配
PermitTTY yes

3. 重启服务

# 重启 SSH 服务
systemctl restart sshd

# 如果上面命令失败，试试
service sshd restart

修改完成之后，ssh工具就可以正常连接