列表中元素的删除（经典例题--六种解法）

原创已于 2022-11-13 17:24:29 修改 · 543 阅读

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于 2022-11-10 19:58:23 首次发布

本文探讨了在Python中从列表删除元素时常见的错误及解决方案，包括浅拷贝和深拷贝的概念。通过实例展示了如何避免因直接遍历列表并删除元素导致的问题，提出了使用切片、`.copy()`方法以及`copy.copy()`来创建列表副本，然后在副本上进行删除操作的方法。同时，还提供了一种索引回撤的解法，以及简洁的遍历法实现相同功能。

题目

已知列表：
list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
将属于list2的元素从list1中删

深拷贝、浅拷贝知识点，请参考这篇博客https://blog.csdn.net/m0_57975635/article/details/127834191?spm=1001.2014.3001.5502

常见错误解法

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for num in list1:
    for num1 in list2:
        if num == num1:
            list1.remove(num) # 每删除一个元素，原来的位置就会覆盖前面的位置
print(list1)

错误原因

remove每删除一个元素，原来的位置就会覆盖前面的位置

浅拷贝解法

切片

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for num in list1[:]: # 浅拷贝
    for num1 in list2:
        if num == num1:
            list1.remove(num)
print(list1)

. copy()

import copy

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for num in list1.copy(): # 浅拷贝
    for num1 in list2:
        if num == num1:
            list1.remove(num)
print(list1)

copy.copy()

import copy

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for num in copy.copy(list1): # 浅拷贝
    for num1 in list2:
        if num == num1:
            list1.remove(num)
print(list1)

深拷贝解法

import copy

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for num in copy.deepcopy(list1): # 深拷贝
    for num1 in list2:
        if num == num1:
            list1.remove(num)
print(list1)

索引回撤

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
i = 0
while i < len(list2):
    if list2[i] in list1:
        list1.remove(list1[1])
        i -= 1
    i += 1
print(list1)

遍历法

list1 = ['mon','sun','sat','fri','thu','wed']
list2 = ['sun','wed','thu']
for i in list2:
    if i in list1:
        list1.remove(i)
print(list1)

结果

标签

#python #pycharm #开发语言